Astronomy for Amateurs by Camille Flammarion (mini ebook reader .TXT) ๐
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For the rest, my little book is dedicated to a woman, muse and goddess--the charming enchantress Urania, fit companion of Venus, ranking even above her in the c
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Latitudes, 226
Leonids, 195
Lepaute, Madame Hortense, 3, 4
Le Verrier, 167
Little Bear, 35
Little Dog, 50
Lockyer, 102
Longitudes, 226
Lucifer, 122
Lunar Apennines, 251
landscape, 254
topography, 252
Lyre, 40
M
Mars, 131
chart of, 140
Measurement, 289
Medes and Lydians, 266
Mercury, 114
Meteorites, 201
Meteors, 190, 191
Metonic Cycle, 271
Milky Way, 78, 87
Mira Ceti, 77
Mitchell, Maria, 7
Mizar, 34, 69
Moon, 232
diameter of, 242
distance of, 292
geological features of, 245
map of, 247
mountains of, 246
phases of, 241
photograph of, 240
revolution of, 234
rotation of, 242
size of, 242
temperature of, 250
total eclipse of, 263
N
Nebula, in Andromeda, 81
in Orion, 81
in the Greyhounds, 82
Neptune, 65, 166
revolution of, 169
Newton, 181
Nucleus, 95, 185
O
Orion, 48, 49, 81
P
Parallax, 292, 293
annual, 306
Pearl, 40
Pegasus, 38
Penumbra, 96
Periodic Comet, orbit of, 182
Perseids, 195
Perseus, 38, 70, 78
Phenician navigators, 30
Phลbus, 67
Photosphere, 101
Piazzi, 147
Planets, 109, 113, 146
distances, 110, 302
orbits of, 115
orbits of, 116
Pleiades, 38, 39, 44, 83
occultation of, 85
Pleione, 84
Polaris, 63
Pole-star, 34, 63
Poles, 225
Pollux, 44
Pope Calixtus, 176
Prodigies in the heavens, 178
Ptolemy, 31, 217
R
Radiant, 195
Riccioli, 246
Rigel, 49, 70
Roberts, Mrs. Isaac, 7
S
Saidak, 34
Saros, 271
Satellites, 110
Saturn, 156
revolution of, 157
satellites, 162, 165
volume, 158
Saturn's rings, 161
Scarpellini, Madame, 7
Scheiner, 95
Schiaparelli, 139
Secchi, Father, 7
Seven Oxen, 32
Sextuple star, 74
Shepherd's Star, 11
Shooting stars, 193, 194, 196
Sirius, 66, 309
Solar storms, 100
flames, 105
system, 65
Somerville, Mrs., 6
Spring constellations, 52
Stars, distances, 62
double, 68, 70
first magnitude, 57
number of, 60
quadruple, 73
second magnitude, 58
shooting, 193, 194
temporary, 77
Stars, triple, 72
variable, 75
weight of, 313
Star cluster in Hercules, 79
in the Centaur, 80
St. Catherine, 3
Summer constellations, 53
Sun, 88
houses of the, 43
measurement of distance, 297
photograph of, 96
rotation, 99
temperature of, 105
total eclipse of, 276
weight, 106
Sun and Earth, comparative sizes of, 93
Sun-spots, 95, 101
telescopic aspect of, 97
T
Temporary stars, 77, 78
Three Kings, 49
Total eclipse of the moon, 263
of sun, 276
Triangulation, 288
Triple Star, 72
U
Umbra, 95
Universe, 22, 23, 90
Urania, 8, 9
Uranoliths, 201, 204
Uranus, 162
V
Variable stars, 75
Vega, 40
Venus, 121, 296
phases of, 124
Vesper, 122
Victor Hugo, 24
W
Weighing worlds, 309
Winter constellations, 51
Z
Zodiac, constellations of, 46, 47
Zones, 225
[1] The French edition of this book is entitled Astronomy for Women.โTranslator.
[2] 1 kilometer = 0.6214 mile; 100 kilometers may be taken as 62 miles. 1 kilogram is about 2.2 lb.; 5 kilograms = 11 lb.โTranslator.
[3] It is useful to know the letters of the Greek Alphabet. They are easily learned, as follows:
ฮฑ Alpha
ฮฒ Beta
ฮณ Gamma
ฮด Delta
ฮต Epsilon
ฮถ Zeta
ฮท Eta
ฮธ Theta
ฮน Iota
ฮบ Kappa
ฮป Lambda
ฮผ Mu
ฮฝ Nu
ฮพ Xi
ฮฟ Omicron
ฯ Pi
ฯ Rho
ฯ or ฯ Sigma
ฯ Tau
ฯ
Upsilon
ฯ Phi
ฯ Chi
ฯ Psi
ฯ Omega
[4] All the stars visible at any hour during the year can easily be found with the help of the author's Planisphere mobile.
[5] Let it be remarked in passing that the stars might be much farther off than they are, and invisible to our eyes; the Heavens would then assume the aspect of an absolutely empty space, the moon and planets alone remaining.
[6] 14โณ = 14 seconds of arc. One second of the circle is an exceedingly minute quantity. It is 1 millimeter seen at a distance of 206 meters. One millimeter seen at a distance of 20 m. 62 = 10 secs. These values are invisible to the unaided eye.
[7] These fine double stars can be observed with the help of the smallest telescope.
[8] For the explanation of the angular distances of degrees, minutes, and seconds, see Chapter XI, on Methods of Measurement.
[9] The author has endeavored on the plates to represent the aspect of the Earth in the starry sky of Mercury, Venus, and Mars; but in all representations of this kind the stars are necessarily made too large. By calculation the diameters of the Earth and Moon as seen from the planets, and their distances, are as follows:
the Earth. Diameter of
the Moon. Distance
Earth-Moon. Of Mercury (opposition) 20โณ 8โณ 871โณ Of Venus (opposition) 64โณ 17โณ 1,928โณ Of Mars (quadrature) 15โณ 4โณ 464โณ Of Jupiter (quadrature) 3.5โณ 0.1โณ 105โณ
These aspects will be appreciated if we remember that the distance of the components of ฮต Lyre = 207โณ, that of Atlas in Pleione = 301โณ, and that of the stars Mizar and Alcor = 708โณ.
[10] A few evenings ago, after observing Venus in the calm and silent Heavens at the close of day, my eyes fell upon a drawing sent me by my friend Gustave Dore, which is included in the illustrations of his wonderful edition of Dante's Divina Commedia. This drawing seems to be in place here, and I offer my readers a poor reproduction of it, taken from the fine engraving in the book. Dante and Virgil, in the peaceful evening, are contemplating lo bel pianeta ch'ad amar conforta (the beautiful planet that incites to love).
[11] Strictly speaking, 1 kilometer = 0.6214 mile. Here, as throughout, the equivalents are only given in round numbers.โTranslator.
[12] Translator: Compare the well-known English rhyme:
Thirty days hath September,
April, June, and November.
While all the rest have thirty-one,
Excepting February alone,
In which but twenty-eight appear
And twenty-nine when comes Leap Year.
[13] Fifty-eight different pictures of the aspect of the Moon to the unaided eye will be found in the Monthly Bulletins of the Astronomical Society of France, for the year 1900, in pursuance of an investigation made by the author among the different members of the Society.
[14] My readers are charged not to speak of this property (which is fairly extensive), lest the Budget Commission, at the end of its resources, should be tempted to put on an unexpected tax. This ring, which the astronomers presented to me in the year 1887, is almost in the center of the lunar disk, to the north of Ptolemy and Herschel.
[15] "La fin du Monde." Flammarion, p. 186.
[16] Victor Hugo. Tristesse d'Olympia.
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