PepysโDiary is an incredibly frank decade-long snapshot of the life of an up and coming naval administrator in mid-17th century London. In it he describes everything from battles against the Dutch and the intrigues of court, down to the plays he saw, his marital infidelities, and the quality of the meat provided for his supper. His observations have proved invaluable in establishing an accurate record of the daily life of the people of London of that period.
Pepys eventually stopped writing his diary due to progressively worse eyesight, a condition he feared. He did consider employing an amanuensis to transcribe future entries for him, but worried that the content he wanted written would be too personal. Luckily for Pepys, his eyesight difficulties never progressed to blindness and he was able to go on to become both a Member of Parliament and the President of the Royal Society.
After Pepysโ death he left his large library of books and manuscripts first to his nephew, which was then passed on to Magdalene College, Cambridge, where it survives to this day. The diary, originally written in a shorthand, was included in this trove and was eventually deciphered in the early 19th century, and published by Lord Baybrooke in 1825. This early release censored large amounts of the text, and it was only in the 1970s that an uncensored version was published. Presented here is the 1893 edition, which restores the majority of the originally censored content but omits โa few passages which cannot possibly be printed.โ The rich collection of endnotes serve to further illustrate the lives of the people Pepys meets and the state of Englandโs internal politics and international relations at the time.
my Lord FitzHardingโs2363 means, the Duke of York is led rather to blame Norwood and to speake that he should be called home, than be sensible of the other. He is a creature of FitzHardingโs, as a fellow that may be done with what he will, and, himself certainly pretending to be General of the Kingโs armies, when Monk dyeth, desires to have as few great or wise men in employment as he can now, but such as he can put in and keep under, which he do this coxcomb Fitzgerald. It seems, of all mankind there is no man so led by another as the Duke is by Lord Muskerry2364 and this FitzHarding. Insomuch, as when the King would have him to be Privy-Purse, the Duke wept, and said, โBut, Sir, I must have your promise, if you will have my dear Charles from me, that if ever you have occasion for an army again, I may have him with me; believing him to be the best commander of an army in the world.โ But Mr. Cholmly thinks, as all other men I meet with do, that he is a very ordinary fellow. It is strange how the Duke also do love naturally, and affect the Irish above the English.2365 He, of the company he carried with him to sea, took above two-thirds Irish and French. He tells me the King do hate my Lord Chancellor; and that they, that is the King and my Lord FitzHarding, do laugh at him for a dull fellow; and in all this business of the Dutch war do nothing by his advice, hardly consulting him. Only he is a good minister in other respects, and the King cannot be without him; but, above all, being the Dukeโs father-in-law, he is kept in; otherwise FitzHarding were able to fling down two of him. This, all the wise and grave lords see, and cannot help it; but yield to it. But he bemoans what the end of it may be, the King being ruled by these men, as he hath been all along since his coming; to the razing all the strongholds in Scotland, and giving liberty to the Irish in Ireland, whom Cromwell had settled all in one corner; who are now able, and it is feared everyday a massacre again among them. He being gone I abroad to the carrierโs, to see some things sent away to my father against Christmas, and thence to Moorfields, and there up and down to several houses to drink to look for a place pour rencontrer la femme de je sais quoi against next Monday, but could meet none. So to the Coffeehouse, where great talk of the Comet2366 seen in several places; and among our men at sea, and by my Lord Sandwich, to whom I intend to write about it tonight. Thence home to dinner, and then to the office, where all the afternoon, and in the evening home to supper, and then to the office late, and so to bed. This night I begun to burn wax candles in my closet at the office, to try the charge, and to see whether the smoke offends like that of tallow candles.
16th. Up, and by water to Deptford, thinking to have met la femme de Bagwell, but failed, and having done some business at the yard, I back again, it being a fine fresh morning to walk. Back again, Mr. Wayth walking with me to Halfway House talking about Mr. Castleโs fine knees2367 lately delivered in. In which I am well informed that they are not as they should be to make them knees, and I hope shall make good use of it to the Kingโs service. Thence home, and having dressed myself, to the โChange, and thence home to dinner, and so abroad by coach with my wife, and bought a looking glasse by the Old Exchange, which costs me ยฃ5 5s. and 6s. for the hooks. A very fair glasse. So toward my cousin Scottโs, but meeting my Lady Sandwichโs coach, my wife turned back to follow them, thinking they might, as they did, go to visit her, and I โlight and to Mrs. Harman, and there stayed and talked in her shop with her, and much pleased I am with her. We talked about Anthony Joyceโs giving over trade and that he intends to live in lodgings, which is a very mad, foolish thing. She tells me she hears and believes it is because he, being now begun to be called on offices, resolves not to take the new oathe, he having formerly taken the Covenant or Engagement, but I think he do very simply and will endeavour for his wifeโs sake to advise him therein. Thence to my cousin Scottโs, and there met my cousin Roger Pepys, and Mrs. Turner, and The. and Joyce, and prated all the while, and so with the โcorpsโ to church and heard a very fine sermon of the Parson of the parish, and so homeward with them in their coach, but finding it too late to go home with me, I took another coach and so home, and after a while at my office, home to supper and to bed.
17th. Up and to the office, where we sat all the morning. At noon I to the โChange, and there, among others, had my first meeting with Mr. LโEstrange,2368 who hath endeavoured several times to speak with me. It is to get, now and then, some news of me, which I shall, as I see cause, give him. He is a man of fine conversation, I think, but I am sure most courtly and full of compliments. Thence home to dinner, and then come the looking-glass man to set up the looking-glass I bought yesterday, in my dining-room, and very handsome it is.
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