Agriculture for Beginners by Daniel Harvey Hill (ebook reader 7 inch .TXT) π
The joint action of air, moisture, and frost was still another agent of soil-making. This action is called weathering. Whenever you have noticed the outside stones of a spring-house, you have noticed that tiny bits are crumbling from the face of the stones, and adding little by little to the soil. This is a slow way of making additions to the soil. It is estimated that it would take 728,000 years to wear away limestone rock to a depth of thirty-nine inches. But when you recall the countless years through which the weather has striven against the rocks, you can readily understand that its never-wearying activity has added immensely to the soil.
In the rock soil formed in these various ways, and indeed on the rocks themselves, tiny plants that live on food taken from the air began to grow. They grew just as you now see mosses and lichens grow on the surface of rocks. The decay of these plants added some fertility to the newly formed soil. The life and death of
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Landscape-gardening, 89
Larva, 147, 148
Layering, 55, 57
Legumes, 31, 207, 244-260
Lettuce, 91, 93, 95
Life in the country, 330-337
Lime, 140
Lime-sulphur wash, 141, 142, 153, 154, 156
Liming land, 315-318
Louse, plant, 150, 151, 152, 167
Machines, farm, 313-315
Maize, 197
Manures, 20, 21-24
Maple sugar, 217
Market-gardening, 89, 90
Meadows, 240, 242
Melons, 101, 106
Mildew, 124
how to prevent, 126
Milk, 297
sours, how, 302
Milk-tester, Babcock, 304
Mineral matter, 291, 292
Moisture, 9
Mold, 123, 124, 125
Moonflower, 115
Morning-glory, 115
Moth, 148
codling, 154, 156, 164
mosquito, 150
Mulch, 12
Narcissus, 114
Nectar, 46, 47
Nitrate of soda, 24, 99, 211, 214
Nitrogen, 15, 23, 24, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 188, 246
Nitrogen-gathering crops, 15, 18, 244-260
Nodules, 36
Oats, 209-215
Oat smut, 134
Onion, 103, 104
Orchard insects, 143
Osmosis, 30
Ovary, 44
Ovipositor, 157
Paris green, 165, 209
Parsnips, 94
Pasture grasses, 238-244
Peach, 42, 59, 81, 84, 85, 87, 141, 142
Peach curl, 141, 143
Peach mold, 142
Peach mummies, 142
Peach tree, how made, 86-87
Peach-tree borer, 163, 164
Peanuts, 202-203
Pear, 44, 49, 59, 81, 130
Pear fire-blight, 130
Peas, 95, 104, 251-254
Perennials, 71, 112, 116, 118, 260
Petal, 43
Phosphoric acid, 23, 24, 186, 188, 196, 216, 244, 254
Phylloxera, 157, 158
Pipette, 305
Pistil, 43, 44
Plant, the, 25, 39
Plant disease, cause of, 122
nature of, 122
prevention of, 122, 129
Plant food, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24
from air, 39
from soil, 29
kinds of, 33
Plant louse, 150, 152, 167, 168
Plant seeding, 59, 109
Planting a tree, 76-87
Plant-propagation, 51-59
by buds, 51
Plants grown from seed, 109
from bulbs, 109
Plow, right way to, 11
Plum curculio, 156, 157
Plums, 43, 59, 81, 164
Pollen, 43, 47, 48
Pollination, 45-48
by hand, 49
cross-, 49, 50
grape, 52, 53
Potash, 23, 24, 186, 188, 196, 207, 216, 244, 246, 254
Potato, sweet, 204, 205
white, or Irish, 56, 57, 206-209
Potato beetle, 170, 209
Potato blight, 138, 209
Potato scab, 136, 205, 209
Potato seed, 56, 57
Poultry, 282-286
Prevention of plant diseases, 129, 130
Propagation of plants by buds, 58
by cuttings, 52
Protein, 212, 291, 294, 295, 297
Pruning, 83, 84-87
root, 85, 86
Pupa, 147, 150, 151
Purity of seed, 72-75
Pyrethrum powder, 165
Quince, 59
Radish, 95
Raspberry, 59
Ration, balanced, 294, 295
Ratoon, 225
Red raspberry, 59
Rice, 231-232
Roads, 332, 337
Root-hairs, 24, 25, 27, 29, 32
Root-pruning, 86
Roots, 25, 26, 27, 28
Root-tubercles, 30, 37
Rose, 109, 121, 124
Rot of fruit, 122
Rotation of crops, 8, 20, 21, 33-37, 189, 211, 217, 219, 258
Rye, 213-215
San Jose scale, 152, 153
Sap current, the, 40
Scab, 136, 209
Schoolhouses, 334
Scion, 79, 81, 82
Seed, 42
Seed purity, 72-75
Seed vitality, 72-75
Seed-germination, 74
Seed-germinator, 74
Seeding, 60, 114
Seed-selection, 56, 62, 64, 66
in the field, 56, 62, 68
of corn, 66
of cotton, 60, 61
of potatoes, 56, 57
of wheat, 64, 65
Seed-selection plat, 63, 64
Selection of seed. See Seed-selection
Sepal, 43
Sheep, 276-279
Silo, 295
Smuts, 134, 135
Soil, 1
bacteria in, 24
deepening of, 8
definition of, 1
drainage of, 14
Soil, how formed, 2, 3
how water rises in, 13
improving, 17
manuring of, 21
moisture of, 9
origin of, 1
particles of, magnified, 10
and plant, 25
retention of water by, 12
tillage of, 6
virgin, 17, 18
Sowing seed, 94
Soy beans, 256-260
Spiders, red, 121
Spiracles, 145
Spores, 123, 124, 125, 130, 135
prevention of, 130
Spraying, 137, 138, 139, 155, 156, 157, 209
Spraying outfit, 138, 155, 168, 171
Squanto, 21
Squash, 45, 95
Squash bug, 168
Stamen, 43-48
Starch, 40
Starchy food, 291
Stigma, 44-45
Stock, 79, 82
Strawberry, 45, 55,
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