The Grammar of English Grammars by Goold Brown (free ebook reader .txt) π
"In what regards the laws of grammatical purity," says Dr. Campbell, "the violation is much more conspicuous than the observance."--See Philosophy of Rhetoric, p. 190. It therefore falls in with my main purpose, to present to the public, in the following ample work, a condensed mass of special criticism, such as is not elsewhere to be found in
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UNDER NOTE III.βNOUNS CONNECTED.
"As where a landscape is conjoined with the music of birds and odour of flowers."βKames, El. of Crit., i, 117. "The last order resembles the second in the mildness of its accent, and softness of its pause."βIb., ii, 113. "Before the use of the loadstone or knowledge of the compass."βDryden. "The perfect participle and imperfect tense ought not to be confounded."βMurray's Gram., ii, 292. "In proportion as the taste of a poet, or orator, becomes more refined."βBlair's Rhet., p. 27. "A situation can never be intricate, as long as there is an angel, devil, or musician, to lend a helping hand."βKames, El. of Crit., ii, 285. "Avoid rude sports: an eye is soon lost, or bone broken."β"Not a word was uttered, nor sign given."βBrown's Inst., p. 125. "I despise not the doer, but deed."βIbid. "For the sake of an easier pronunciation and more agreeable sound."βLowth. "The levity as well as loquacity of the Greeks made them incapable of keeping up the true standard of history."β Bolingbroke, on Hist., p. 115.
UNDER NOTE IV.βADJECTIVES CONNECTED."It is proper that the vowels be a long and short one."βMurray's Gram., p. 327. "Whether the person mentioned was seen by the speaker a long or short time before."βIb., p. 70; Fisk's, 72. "There are three genders, Masculine, Feminine, and Neuter."βAdam's Lat. Gram., p. 8. "The numbers are two; Singular and Plural."βIb., p. 80; Gould's, 77. "The persons are three; First, Second, [and] Third."βAdam, et al. "Nouns and pronouns have three cases; the nominative, possessive, and objective."βComly's Gram., p. 19; Ingersoll's, 21. "Verbs have five moods; namely, the Indicative, Potential, Subjunctive, Imperative, and Infinitive."β Bullions's E. Gram., p. 35; Lennie's, 20. "How many numbers have pronouns? Two, the singular and plural."βBradley's Gram., p. 82. "To distinguish between an interrogative and exclamatory sentence."βMurray's Gram., p. 280; Comly's, 163; Ingersoll's, 292. "The first and last of which are compounded members."βLowth's Gram., p. 123. "In the last lecture, I treated of the concise and diffuse, the nervous and feeble manner."βBlair's Rhet., p. 183. "The passive and neuter verbs, I shall reserve for some future conversation."βIngersoll's Gram., p. 69. "There are two voices; the Active and Passive."βAdam's Gram., p. 59; Gould's, 87. "Whose is rather the poetical than regular genitive of which."βDr. Johnson's Gram., p. 7. "To feel the force of a compound, or derivative word."βTown's Analysis, p. 4. "To preserve the distinctive uses of the copulative and disjunctive conjunctions."βMurray's Gram., p. 150; Ingersoll's, 233. "E has a long and short sound in most languages."β Bicknell's Gram., Part ii, p. 13. "When the figurative and literal sense are mixed and jumbled together."βBlair's Rhet., p. 151. "The Hebrew, with which the Canaanitish and Phoenician stand in connection."βCONANT: Fowler's E. Gram., 8vo, 1850, p. 28. "The languages of Scandinavia proper, the Norwegian and Swedish."βFowler, ib., p. 31.
UNDER NOTE V.βADJECTIVES CONNECTED."The path of truth is a plain and a safe path"βMurray's Key, p. 236. "Directions for acquiring a just and a happy elocution."βKirkham's Elocution, p. 144. "Its leading object is to adopt a correct and an easy method."βKirkham's Gram., p. 9. "How can it choose but wither in a long and a sharp winter."βCowley's Pref., p. vi. "Into a dark and a distant unknown."βChalmers, on Astronomy, p. 230. "When the bold and the strong enslaved his fellow man."βChazotte's Essay, p. 21. "We now proceed to consider the things most essential to an accurate and a perfect sentence." βMurray's Gram., p. 306. "And hence arises a second and a very considerable source of the improvement of taste."βBlair's Rhet., p. 18. "Novelty produces in the mind a vivid and an agreeable emotion."βIb., p. 50. "The deepest and the bitterest feeling still is, the separation."β Dr. M'Rie. "A great and a good man looks beyond time."βBrown's Institutes, p. 125. "They made but a weak and an ineffectual resistance." βIb. "The light and the worthless kernels will float."βIb. "I rejoice that there is an other and a better world."βIb. "For he is determined to revise his work, and present to the publick another and a better edition."βKirkham's Gram., p. 7. "He hoped that this title would secure him an ample and an independent authority."βMurray's Gram., p. 172: see Priestley's, 147. "There is however another and a more limited sense."βAdams's Rhet., Vol. ii, p. 232.
UNDER NOTE VI.βARTICLES OR PLURALS."This distinction forms, what are called the diffuse and the concise styles."βBlair's Rhet., p. 176. "Two different modes of speaking, distinguished at first by the denominations of the Attic and the Asiatic manners."βAdams's Rhet., Vol. i, p. 83. "But the great design of uniting the Spanish and the French monarchies under the former was laid."β Bolingbroke, on History, p. 180. "In the solemn and the poetic styles, it [do or did] is often rejected."βW. Allen's Gram., p. 68. "They cannot be at the same time in the objective and the nominative cases."βMurray's Gram., 8vo, p. 151; Ingersoll's, 239; R. G. Smith's, 127. "They are named the POSITIVE, the COMPARATIVE, and the SUPERLATIVE degrees."βSmart's Accidence, p. 27. "Certain Adverbs are capable of taking an Inflection, namely, that of the comparative and the superlative degrees."βFowler's E. Gram., 8vo, 1850, Β§321. "In the subjunctive mood, the present and the imperfect tenses often carry with them a future sense."βL. Murray's Gram., p. 187; Fisk's, 131. "The imperfect, the perfect, the pluperfect, and the first future tenses of this mood, are conjugated like the same tenses of the indicative."βKirkham's Gram., p. 145. "What rules apply in parsing personal pronouns of the second and third person?"βIb., p. 116. "Nouns are sometimes in the nominative or objective case after the neuter verb to be, or after an active-intransitive or passive verb."βIb., p. 55. "The verb varies its endings in the singular in order to agree in form with the first, second, and third person of its nominative."βIb., p. 47. "They are identical in effect, with the radical and the vanishing stresses."βRush, on the Voice, p. 339. "In a sonnet the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth line rhyme to each other: so do the second, third, sixth, and seventh line; the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth line; and the tenth, twelfth, and fourteenth line."βChurchill's Gram., p. 311. "The iron and the golden ages are run; youth and manhood are departed."βWright's Athens, p. 74. "If, as you say, the iron and the golden ages are past, the youth and the manhood of the world."βIb. "An Exposition of the Old and New Testament."βMatthew Henry's Title-page. "The names and order of the books of the Old and New Testament."βFriends' Bible, p. 2; Bruce's, p. 2; et al. "In the second and third person of that tense."βL. Murray's Gram., p. 81. "And who still unites in himself the human and the divine natures."βGurney's Evidences, p. 59. "Among whom arose the Italian, the Spanish, the French, and the English languages."βL. Murray's Gram., 8vo, p. 111. "Whence arise these two, the singular and the plural Numbers."βBurn's Gram., p. 32.
UNDER NOTE VII.βCORRESPONDENT TERMS."Neither the definitions, nor examples, are entirely the same with his."βWard's Pref. to Lily's Gram., p. vi. "Because it makes a discordance between the thought and expression."βKames, El. of Crit., ii, 24. "Between the adjective and following substantive."βIb. ii, 104. "Thus, Athens became both the repository and nursery of learning."βChazotte's Essay, p. 28. "But the French pilfered from both the Greek and Latin."βIb., p. 102. "He shows that Christ is both the power and wisdom of God."βThe Friend, x, 414. "That he might be Lord both of the dead and living."βRom., xiv, 9. "This is neither the obvious nor grammatical meaning of his words."βBlair's Rhet., p. 209. "Sometimes both the accusative and infinitive are understood."βAdam's Gram., p. 155; Gould's, 158. "In some cases we can use either the nominative or accusative promiscuously."βAdam, p. 156; Gould, 159. "Both the former and latter substantive are sometimes to be understood."βAdam, p. 157; Gould, 160. "Many whereof have escaped both the commentator and poet himself."βPope. "The verbs must and ought have both a present and past signification."βMurray's Gram., p. 108. "How shall we distinguish between the friends and enemies of the government?"βWebster's Essays, p. 352. "Both the ecclesiastical and secular powers concurred in those measures."βCampbell's Rhet., p. 260. "As the period has a beginning and end within itself it implies an inflexion."βAdams's Rhet., ii, 245. "Such as ought to subsist between a principal and accessory."βKames, on Crit., ii, 39.
UNDER NOTE VIII.βCORRESPONDENCE PECULIAR."When both the upward and the downward slides occur in pronouncing a syllable, they are called a Circumflex or Wave."βKirkham's Elocution, pp. 75 and 104. "The word that is used both in the nominative and objective cases."βSanborn's Gram., p. 69. "But all the other moods and tenses of the verbs, both in the active and passive voices, are conjugated at large."βMurray's Gram., 8vo, p. 81. "Some writers on Grammar object to the propriety of admitting the second future, in both the indicative and subjunctive moods."βIb., p. 82. "The same conjunction governing both the indicative and the subjunctive moods, in the same sentence, and in the same circumstances, seems to be a great impropriety."βIb., p. 207. "The true distinction between the subjunctive and the indicative moods in this tense."βIb., p. 208. "I doubt of his capacity to teach either the French or English languages."βChazotte's Essay, p. 7. "It is as necessary to make a distinction between the active transitive and the active intransitive forms of the verb, as between the active and passive forms."βNixon's Parser, p. 13.
UNDER NOTE IX.βA SERIES OF TERMS."As comprehending the terms uttered by the artist, the mechanic, and husbandman."βChazotte's Essay, p. 24. "They may be divided into four classesβthe Humanists, Philanthropists, Pestalozzian and the Productive Schools."βSmith's New Gram., p. iii. "Verbs have six tenses, the Present, the Imperfect, the Perfect, the Pluperfect, and the First and Second Future tenses."βKirkham's Gram., p. 138; L. Murray's, 68; R. C. Smith's, 27; Alger's, 28. "Is is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the third person singular."βMurray's Gram., Vol. ii, p. 2. "Should give is an irregular verb active, in the potential mood, the imperfect tense, and the first person plural."βIbid. "Us is a personal pronoun, first person plural, and in the objective case."βIbid. "Them is a personal pronoun, of the third person, the plural number, and in the objective case."βIbid. "It is surprising that the Jewish critics, with all their skill in dots, points, and accents, never had the ingenuity to invent a point of interrogation, of admiration, or a parenthesis."βWilson's Hebrew Gram., p. 47. "The fifth, sixth, seventh, and the eighth verse."βO. B. Peirce's Gram., p. 263. "Substitutes have three persons; the First, Second, and the Third."βIb., p. 34. "John's is a proper noun, of the masculine gender, the third person, singular number, possessive case, and governed by wife, by Rule I."βSmith's New Gram., p. 48. "Nouns in the English language have three cases; the nominative, the possessive, and objective."βBarrett's Gram., p. 13; Alexander's, 11. "The Potential [mood] has four [tenses], viz. the Present, the Imperfect, the Perfect, and Pluperfect."βIngersoll's Gram., p. 96.
"Where Science, Law, and Liberty depend,
And own the patron, patriot, and the friend."βSavage, to Walpole.
"A pronoun is a part of speech put for a noun."βPaul's Accidence, p. 11. "A verb is a part of speech declined with mood and tense."βIb., p. 15. "A participle is a part of speech derived of a verb."βIb., p. 38. "An adverb is a part of speech joined to verbs to declare their signification."βIb., p. 40. "A conjunction is a part of speech that joineth sentences together."βIb., p. 41. "A preposition is a part of speech most commonly set before other parts."βIb., p. 42. "An interjection is a part of speech which betokeneth a sudden motion or passion of the mind."βIb., p. 44. "An enigma or riddle is also a species of allegory."βBlair's Rhet., p. 151; Murray's Gram., 343. "We may take from the Scriptures a very fine example of an allegory."βIb.: Blair, 151; Mur., 341. "And thus have you exhibited a sort of a sketch of art."βHARRIS: in Priestley's Gram., p. 176. "We may 'imagine a subtle kind of a reasoning,' as Mr. Harris acutely observes."βChurchill's Gram., p. 71. "But, before entering on these, I shall give one instance of a very beautiful metaphor, that I may show the figure to full advantage."βBlair's Rhet., p. 143. "Aristotle, in his Poetics, uses metaphor in this extended sense, for any figurative meaning imposed upon a word; as a whole put for the part, or a part for a whole; the species for the genus, or a genus for the species."βIb., p. 142. "It shows what kind of an apple it is of which we are speaking."βKirkham's Gram., p. 69. "Cleon was another sort of a man."βGoldsmith's Greece, Vol. i, p. 124. "To keep off his right wing, as a kind of a reserved body."βIb., ii, 12. "This part of speech is called a verb."βMack's Gram., p. 70. "What sort of a thing is it?"βHiley's Gram., p. 20. "What sort of a charm
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