Hard Times by Charles Dickens (ebooks that read to you txt) 📕
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Hard Times (originally Hard Times—For These Times) was published in 1854, and is the shortest novel Charles Dickens ever published. It’s set in Coketown, a fictional mill-town set in the north of England. One of the major themes of the book is the miserable treatment of workers in the mills, and the resistance to their unionization by the mill owners, typified by the character Josiah Bounderby, who absurdly asserts that the workers live a near-idyllic life but they all “expect to be set up in a coach and six, and to be fed on turtle soup and venison, with a gold spoon.” The truth, of course, is far different.
The other major topic which Dickens tackles in this novel is the rationalist movement in schooling and the denigration of imagination and fantasy. It begins with the words “Now, what I want is, Facts,” spoken by the wealthy magnate Thomas Gradgrind, who is supervising a class at a model school he has opened. This indeed is Gradgrind’s entire philosophy. “Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are wanted in life. Plant nothing else, and root out everything else.” He is supported and encouraged in this approach by his friend Bounderby. Grandgrind raises his own children on these principles, and, as we discover, in doing so blights their lives.
The novel also follows the story of a particular mill-worker, Stephen Blackpool, who leads a tragic life. He is burdened with an alcoholic, slatternly wife, who is mostly absent from his life, but who returns at irregular intervals to trouble him. This existing marriage, and the near-impossibility of divorce for someone of his class, prevents him marrying Rachael, who is the light of his life. Dickens depicts Stephen as representing the nobility of honest work, and contrasts his character with that of the self-satisfied humbug Josiah Bounderby who represents the worst aspects of capitalism.
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- Author: Charles Dickens
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They heard the doors of rooms above, opening and shutting as Sissy went from one to another in quest of her father; and presently they heard voices expressing surprise. She came bounding down again in a great hurry, opened a battered and mangy old hair trunk, found it empty, and looked round with her hands clasped and her face full of terror.
“Father must have gone down to the Booth, sir. I don’t know why he should go there, but he must be there; I’ll bring him in a minute!” She was gone directly, without her bonnet; with her long, dark, childish hair streaming behind her.
“What does she mean!” said Mr. Gradgrind. “Back in a minute? It’s more than a mile off.”
Before Mr. Bounderby could reply, a young man appeared at the door, and introducing himself with the words, “By your leaves, gentlemen!” walked in with his hands in his pockets. His face, close-shaven, thin, and sallow, was shaded by a great quantity of dark hair, brushed into a roll all round his head, and parted up the centre. His legs were very robust, but shorter than legs of good proportions should have been. His chest and back were as much too broad, as his legs were too short. He was dressed in a Newmarket coat and tight-fitting trousers; wore a shawl round his neck; smelt of lamp-oil, straw, orange-peel, horses’ provender, and sawdust; and looked a most remarkable sort of Centaur, compounded of the stable and the playhouse. Where the one began, and the other ended, nobody could have told with any precision. This gentleman was mentioned in the bills of the day as Mr. E. W. B. Childers, so justly celebrated for his daring vaulting act as the Wild Huntsman of the North American Prairies; in which popular performance, a diminutive boy with an old face, who now accompanied him, assisted as his infant son: being carried upside down over his father’s shoulder, by one foot, and held by the crown of his head, heels upwards, in the palm of his father’s hand, according to the violent paternal manner in which wild huntsmen may be observed to fondle their offspring. Made up with curls, wreaths, wings, white bismuth, and carmine, this hopeful young person soared into so pleasing a Cupid as to constitute the chief delight of the maternal part of the spectators; but in private, where his characteristics were a precocious cutaway coat and an extremely gruff voice, he became of the Turf, turfy.
“By your leaves, gentlemen,” said Mr. E. W. B. Childers, glancing round the room. “It was you, I believe, that were wishing to see Jupe!”
“It was,” said Mr. Gradgrind. “His daughter has gone to fetch him, but I can’t wait; therefore, if you please, I will leave a message for him with you.”
“You see, my friend,” Mr. Bounderby put in, “we are the kind of people who know the value of time, and you are the kind of people who don’t know the value of time.”
“I have not,” retorted Mr. Childers, after surveying him from head to foot, “the honour of knowing you—but if you mean that you can make more money of your time than I can of mine, I should judge from your appearance, that you are about right.”
“And when you have made it, you can keep it too, I should think,” said Cupid.
“Kidderminster, stow that!” said Mr. Childers. (Master Kidderminster was Cupid’s mortal name.)
“What does he come here cheeking us for, then?” cried Master Kidderminster, showing a very irascible temperament. “If you want to cheek us, pay your ochre at the doors and take it out.”
“Kidderminster,” said Mr. Childers, raising his voice, “stow that!—Sir,” to Mr. Gradgrind, “I was addressing myself to you. You may or you may not be aware (for perhaps you have not been much in the audience), that Jupe has missed his tip very often, lately.”
“Has—what has he missed?” asked Mr. Gradgrind, glancing at the potent Bounderby for assistance.
“Missed his tip.”
“Offered at the Garters four times last night, and never done ’em once,” said Master Kidderminster. “Missed his tip at the banners, too, and was loose in his ponging.”
“Didn’t do what he ought to do. Was short in his leaps and bad in his tumbling,” Mr. Childers interpreted.
“Oh!” said Mr. Gradgrind, “that is tip, is it?”
“In a general way that’s missing his tip,” Mr. E. W. B. Childers answered.
“Nine oils, Merrylegs, missing tips, garters, banners, and Ponging, eh!” ejaculated Bounderby, with his laugh of laughs. “Queer sort of company, too, for a man who has raised himself!”
“Lower yourself, then,” retorted Cupid. “Oh Lord! if you’ve raised yourself so high as all that comes to, let yourself down a bit.”
“This is a very obtrusive lad!” said Mr. Gradgrind, turning, and knitting his brows on him.
“We’d have had a young gentleman to meet you, if we had known you were coming,” retorted Master Kidderminster, nothing abashed. “It’s a pity you don’t have a bespeak, being so particular. You’re on the Tight-Jeff, ain’t you?”
“What does this unmannerly boy mean,” asked Mr. Gradgrind, eyeing him in a sort of desperation, “by Tight-Jeff?”
“There! Get out, get out!” said Mr. Childers, thrusting his young friend from the room, rather in the prairie manner. “Tight-Jeff or Slack-Jeff, it don’t much signify: it’s only tightrope and slack-rope. You were going to give me a message for Jupe?”
“Yes, I was.”
“Then,” continued Mr. Childers, quickly, “my opinion is, he will never receive it. Do you know much of him?”
“I never saw the man in my life.”
“I doubt if you ever will see him now. It’s
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