Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature-Deficit Disorder by Louv, Richard (the two towers ebook .txt) 📕

218–222, 253, 311

environmental education in, 134–135

experiential, environment-based education in, 138

natural school reform, 203–234

recess in, 99

testing in, 204

Puget Sound Environmental Learning Center, 231–232

Pyle, Robert Michael, 68, 77–78, 146, 173, 210, 256

Quakers’ Friends Hospital, Pennsylvania, 45

Rails to Trails Conservancy, 311

Raleigh News and Observer, 301

ranches, “schooling” on, 221

Raven, Nick, 20–21, 24

Ravitch, Diane, 137

recreational use statutes, 237–238

Reed, Edward, 65

regional strategies for green design, 264–267

renewable energy programs, 259

residential regulations, outdoor play and, 2, 27–29, 30–31, 237

Reviving Ophelia (Pipher), 228

Richtel, Matt, 62

Rick, John, 27–28, 31, 79–80, 136–137

Ritalin (methylphenidate), 101, 169

Riverkeeper, 199

River Runs Through It, A (Maclean), 191

Rivkin, Mary, 218–219

Robert Redford building, Santa Monica, 258

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 32, 311

Rogers, Fred, 306

Rogers, Will, 265

Roger Tory Peterson Institute of Natural History, 209–210

romanticizing nature, 16, 24, 142, 296

Roosevelt, Eleanor, 91–92

Roosevelt, Theodore, 17–18, 152, 197

Roszak, Theodore, 44, 147

rural areas

back-to-the-land movement, 274–287, 313

development of, 272

green towns in, 283–287

outdoor play in, 34–35

Rush, Dr. Benjamin, 45

Rushin, Steve, 99

Rutgers University, 275

safety

adult supervision and, 179–180

dealing with fears, 178–188

hyperawareness in nature and, 180–183

parental concerns about, 13, 116, 123–132

risk-taking in nature, 186–188

Sala, Enric, 225

Salahuddin, Rasheed, 145

Sallis, James, 32–33

Sandia National Laboratories, 22

San Diego, California, 267–269, 314

San Diego County school districts, 138

San Diego Park and Recreation Department, 269

San Francisco Bay Area, 243, 261–262

San Francisco (magazine), 102

San Francisco Chronicle, 261–262

Santostefano, Sebastiano, 53

Schad, Jerry, 130–131, 163–166

Scheehan, Lauren, 205

Schmidt, Brian, 243

Schmitt, Elizabeth, 83

School and Society (Dewey), 203

Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe, 198

Schoolyard Habitats, 218, 311

Science, 23

Scientia Marina, 225

Scouting organizations, 14, 153–156, 159, 193–194

Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 231–232

Seattle Times, 131

Sedbrook, Judy, 174–175

sedentary lifestyle, 31, 32, 47, 48, 49

Seegar, Nancy, 258

self-confidence, instilling, 180–183, 185, 186, 228–229, 230

self-esteem, 229, 230

senses, awareness of and use of, 7, 8–9, 55, 57–70, 75–76, 180, 186–187

diminished use, 57–59

experiential education, 139–145, 174–175, 203–234

naturalist intelligence and, 73–79

Shelters, Shacks, and Shanties (Beard), 15–16

Shuston, Aletha, 169

shyness, 128–129

Sierra Club, 152–153, 240, 302

Simas, Ambrose, 29

Simon, Paul, 60

Simpson, Alan, 241

Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 283

Sipple, Bill, 198

Skate Park Association of the USA, 240

Skolans Uterum, 218

sleep, 120

Smith, Jane, 141

Snyder, Gary, 8, 272–273, 309

Sobel, David, 133, 134, 135, 187–188, 207, 208–209, 240, 263

social standing, play setting and, 88

Society for Ecological Research, 219

solitude, 51

South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 241

Spacks, Patricia Meyer, 168

“spirit of place,” 96

spiritual health, contact with nature and, 3, 110, 291–306

Spiritual Life of Children, The (Cole), 293

Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association, 83

sports, organized, 31, 48, 116, 117, 182, 183, 247

Square Foot Gardening Foundation, 217

Square Foot Gardening (Bartholomew), 216

State Education and Environmental Roundtable, 206

State University of New York at Buffalo, 62

Stebbins, Robert, 139–140

Stegner, Wallace, 152

Stephens, Leslie, 78–79, 182–183

Stepner, Mike, 268

Stoecklin, Vicki, 262

Stoliar, Joan, 214–215

strangers, fear of, 123, 124–129, 171, 183–186

stress, therapeutic value of nature and, 35, 47, 50–51, 163

Student Conservation Association, 230

suburbia, 284

green design of, 250–270

lack of natural play areas in, 25, 117

synthetic nature in, 19, 25–26

wild animals in, 24–25, 249–250

Sullivan, William C., 105–106

summer camp, 2, 170, 227–234

Sunnyvale, California, 263

Superchild syndrome, 121

Swallowtail School, 205–206

Sweden, 48, 49, 120

green urbanism in, 252, 253

synthetic nature, 60–61

Tanner, Thomas, 150

Taoism, 45

Target, 259–260

Taylor, Andrea Faber, 88–89, 105–106, 108, 110, 229, 312

technology, public education and, 137–138

teen centers, 170

television, watching, 31, 47, 57, 64–65, 119, 120, 169

ADHD and, 102

in cars, 63

sensory experience of, 66

Texas Education Agency, Division of Student Assessment, 207

Theroux, Phyllis, 95–96

Thompson, Susan, 298–299

Thoreau, Henry David, 5, 161, 275

Thunder Tree, The (Pyle), 173

time, use of, 175–176

overly structured lives, 34, 117, 121–122, 175–176

studies of changes in, 119–120

work demands, 119–120

TNS Intersearch, 123

tobacco control movement, 310–311

Tolkien, J. R. R., 167

Tomlinson, John, 242–43

Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform (Howard), 284

touch deficit, 67

traffic, fear of, 124

travel, nature and, 63–64

tree houses and forts, 15, 146, 233–234, 240

as learning experiences, 80–84

regulations prohibiting, 28–29

Trout Unlimited, 214

Trust for Public Land, 116, 179, 265, 300, 301, 311

Turner, Frederick Jackson, 2, 4, 17, 18, 274

Ulrich, Roger, 46, 50

U.S. Census Bureau, 18, 58, 274, 276

U.S. Department of Agriculture, 30

U.S. Department of the Interior, “National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife,” 196–197

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 218

Habitat Evaluation Process (HEP), 266

U.S. Forest Service, 103

U.S. Justice Department, 127

U.S. Youth Soccer Association, 117

University of California, 23

University of Glasgow, 35

University of Illinois, Human-Environment Research Laboratory, 105–108, 108–109, 179

University of Maryland, 34

University of Massachusetts, 21

University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, 119

University of Nevada, School of Medicine, 22

urban areas, 245–287, 314

green design of, 25–26, 250–270, 311

infill, 274

zoopolis, 247–251, 257, 267–269, 272

Urban Corps, 55–57

urbanization, 102, 133

Utne, 196

Vanderhoff, Candy, 232, 233–234, 308

Van Gogh, Vincent, 201

Veblen, Thorstein, 93

Verboom-Vasiljev, Jana, 33, 34

Veterans Administration Hospital System, 45

“videophilia,” 148

Village Homes, Davis, California, 254–256, 285

Visions of Innocence: Spiritual and Inspirational Experiences of Children (Hoffman), 292–293

Voice of the Earth (Roszak), 44, 147

Waldorf schools, 209

walking in the woods, 170–175, 176

Washington Post, 18–19

Web of Life, The (Louv), 20–21

Wells, Nancy, 50–51, 105, 150

Western Europe, 120

green urbanism in, 251–254

outside play and contact with nature in, 34–35

playgrounds in, 263

Western Society of Naturalists, 144

West Nile virus, 131

“What Would Jesus Drive?” campaign, 302

White, Randy, 262

Whitman, Walt, 284, 289

wildcrafting, 196

wilderness adventure programs, 230

Wilkins, Gregory, 45–46

Will, George, 260

Wilson, Edward O., 43, 44, 90, 151, 303

Wilson, Frank, 67

Wilson, Leslie Owen, 73–74

Wolch, Jennifer, 246, 248–250

Wordsworth, William, 189, 292

World Health Organization, 47

World Trade Center, 260–261

World Watch, 197, 198

Wrubel, Priscilla and Tom, 60–61

Yankelovich, Daniel, 65

Ybarra, Daniel, 110–112

Ybarra, Richard, 92–93

Zahn, Paula, 183

Zaradic, Patricia, 148

zoopolis, 247–251, 257, 267–269, 272

Zurich, Switzerland, 253

A Field Guide to LAST CHILD in the WOODS

It takes a universe

to make a child, both

in outer form and inner

spirit. It takes

a universe to educate

a child, a universe

to fulfill a child.

—Thomas Berry

CONTENTS

Notes from the Field

How a Movement Is Forming and How You Can Get Involved

100 Actions We Can Take

Nature Activities for Kids and Families

Good Books for Kids and Families

Suggestions for Transforming Our Communities

Pursuits for Businesses, Attorneys, and Health Care Providers

Ways Educators, Parent-Teacher Groups, and Students Can Promote Natural School Reform

Goals for Government

Build the Movement

Discussion Points

Notes from the Field

How a Movement Is Forming and How You Can Get Involved

“A back-to-nature movement to reconnect children with the outdoors is burgeoning nationwide.”

—USA Today, November 2006

Not long after the first publication of Last Child in the Woods in 2005, I found myself wandering down a path toward the Milwaukee River, where it runs through urban Riverside Park in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. At first glance, nothing seemed unusual