The Iron Heel by Jack London (love novels in english .txt) ๐
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The Iron Heel is some of the earliest dystopian fiction of the 20th century. The novel is framed as a presentation of the long-lost โEverhard Manuscript,โ a document written by the socialist revolutionary Avis Everhard around 1932. The manuscript is discovered in the year 2600, and is introduced and annotated by a far-future commentator.
In it, Avis tells of how the United States was slowly overcome by a group of oligarchs, the Iron Heel, who use their monopoly power to systematically bankrupt American small businesses and farmers in order to cement their control over the capitalist system. Eventually, the U.S. Army is brought under the control of the oligarchs, who entrench a brutal system of repression against the working class. Everhard, her husband, and a scrappy group of socialists fight valiantly against the Iron Heel, though we learn in the foreword that they donโt survive the fight, and die as martyrs.
London uses the narrative as a vehicle for espousing his socialist views, sometimes to the detriment of the plot, and even going so far as to plagiarize an essay by Frank Harris nearly verbatimโissues which caused the work to earn scant critical praise. Despite this, it sold over 50,000 copies in hardcover and influenced a generation of activists, including George Orwell, Harry Bridges, and Frederic Tuten.
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- Author: Jack London
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โI am answered,โ Ernest said quietly. โIt is the only answer that could be given. Power. It is what we of the working class preach. We know, and well we know by bitter experience, that no appeal for the right, for justice, for humanity, can ever touch you. Your hearts are hard as your heels with which you tread upon the faces of the poor. So we have preached power. By the power of our ballots on election day will we take your government away from youโ โโ
โWhat if you do get a majority, a sweeping majority, on election day?โ Mr. Wickson broke in to demand. โSuppose we refuse to turn the government over to you after you have captured it at the ballot-box?โ
โThat, also, have we considered,โ Ernest replied. โAnd we shall give you an answer in terms of lead. Power you have proclaimed the king of words. Very good. Power it shall be. And in the day that we sweep to victory at the ballot-box, and you refuse to turn over to us the government we have constitutionally and peacefully captured, and you demand what we are going to do about itโ โin that day, I say, we shall answer you; and in roar of shell and shrapnel and in whine of machine-guns shall our answer be couched.
โYou cannot escape us. It is true that you have read history aright. It is true that labor has from the beginning of history been in the dirt. And it is equally true that so long as you and yours and those that come after you have power, that labor shall remain in the dirt. I agree with you. I agree with all that you have said. Power will be the arbiter, as it always has been the arbiter. It is a struggle of classes. Just as your class dragged down the old feudal nobility, so shall it be dragged down by my class, the working class. If you will read your biology and your sociology as clearly as you do your history, you will see that this end I have described is inevitable. It does not matter whether it is in one year, ten, or a thousandโ โyour class shall be dragged down. And it shall be done by power. We of the labor hosts have conned that word over till our minds are all a-tingle with it. Power. It is a kingly word.โ
And so ended the night with the Philomaths.
VI AdumbrationsIt was about this time that the warnings of coming events began to fall about us thick and fast. Ernest had already questioned fatherโs policy of having socialists and labor leaders at his house, and of openly attending socialist meetings; and father had only laughed at him for his pains. As for myself, I was learning much from this contact with the working-class leaders and thinkers. I was seeing the other side of the shield. I was delighted with the unselfishness and high idealism I encountered, though I was appalled by the vast philosophic and scientific literature of socialism that was opened up to me. I was learning fast, but I learned not fast enough to realize then the peril of our position.
There were warnings, but I did not heed them. For instance, Mrs. Pertonwaithe and Mrs. Wickson exercised tremendous social power in the university town, and from them emanated the sentiment that I was a too-forward and self-assertive young woman with a mischievous penchant for officiousness and interference in other personsโ affairs. This I thought no more than natural, considering the part I had played in investigating the case of Jacksonโs arm. But the effect of such a sentiment, enunciated by two such powerful social arbiters, I underestimated.
True, I noticed a certain aloofness on the part of my general friends, but this I ascribed to the disapproval that was prevalent in my circles of my intended marriage with Ernest. It was not till some time afterward that Ernest pointed out to me clearly that this general attitude of my class was something more than spontaneous, that behind it were the hidden springs of an organized conduct. โYou have given shelter to an enemy of your class,โ he said. โAnd not alone shelter, for you have given your love, yourself. This is treason to your class. Think not that you will escape being penalized.โ
But it was before this that father returned one afternoon. Ernest was with me, and we could see that father was angryโ โphilosophically angry. He was rarely really angry; but a certain measure of controlled anger he allowed himself. He called it a tonic. And we could see that he was tonic-angry when he entered the room.
โWhat do you think?โ he demanded. โI had luncheon with Wilcox.โ
Wilcox was the superannuated president of the university, whose withered mind was stored with generalizations that were young in 1870, and which he had since failed to revise.
โI was invited,โ father announced. โI was sent for.โ
He paused, and we waited.
โOh, it was done very nicely, Iโll allow; but I was reprimanded. I! And by that old fossil!โ
โIโll wager I know what you were reprimanded for,โ Ernest said.
โNot in three guesses,โ father laughed.
โOne guess will do,โ Ernest retorted. โAnd it wonโt be a guess. It will be a deduction. You were reprimanded for your private life.โ
โThe very thing!โ father cried. โHow did you guess?โ
โI knew it was coming. I warned you before about it.โ
โYes, you did,โ father meditated. โBut I couldnโt believe it. At any rate, it is only so much more clinching evidence for my book.โ
โIt is nothing to what will come,โ Ernest went on, โif you persist in your policy of having these socialists and radicals of all sorts at your house, myself included.โ
โJust what old Wilcox said. And of all unwarranted things! He said it was in poor taste, utterly profitless, anyway, and not in harmony with university traditions and policy. He said much more of the same vague sort, and I couldnโt pin
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