Clotel by William Wells Brown (best ebook for manga .txt) ๐
Description
The first published novel by a black American author combines real-life stories, including his own story of escaping slavery and recollections he heard while helping others escape, with abolitionist agitprop, revealing ephemera from the newspapers of the time, and sympathetic (if somewhat melodramatic) characters. What emerges from this collage is an indictment of slavery and of American hypocrisy about liberty that found an enthusiastic and enraged audience when it was published in 1853.
Clotel has a complex publishing history, with four separate editions published between 1853 and 1867. These editions contain huge differences in characters and plotting, so much so that they might each be considered separate novels in their own right. This edition is based on the first edition of 1853.
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- Author: William Wells Brown
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โDonโt you suppose that I understand the Scriptures better than you? I have been in the world longer.โ
โYes,โ said she, โyou have been in the world longer, and amongst slaveholders so long that you do not regard it in the same light that those do who have not become so familiar with its everyday scenes as you. I once heard you say, that you were opposed to the institution, when you first came to the South.โ
โYes,โ answered he, โI did not know so much about it then.โ
โWith great deference to you, papa,โ replied Georgiana, โI donโt think that the Bible sanctions slavery. The Old Testament contains this explicit condemnation of it, โHe that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his band, he shall surely be put to deathโ; and โWoe unto him that buildeth his house by unrighteousness, and his chambers by wrong; that useth his neighbourโs service without wages, and giveth him not for his workโ; when also the New Testament exhibits such words of rebuke as these, โBehold the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth; and the cries of them who have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth.โ โThe law is not made for a righteous man, but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and for sinners, for unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for manslayers, for whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons.โ A more scathing denunciation of the sin in question is surely to be found on record in no other book. I am afraid,โ continued the daughter, โthat the acts of the professed friends of Christianity in the South do more to spread infidelity than the writings of all the atheists which have ever been published. The infidel watches the religious world. He surveys the church, and, lo! thousands and tens of thousands of her accredited members actually hold slaves. Members โin good and regular standing,โ fellowshipped throughout Christendom except by a few anti-slavery churches generally despised as ultra and radical, reduce their fellow men to the condition of chattels, and by force keep them in that state of degradation. Bishops, ministers, elders, and deacons are engaged in this awful business, and do not consider their conduct as at all inconsistent with the precepts of either the Old or New Testaments. Moreover, those ministers and churches who do not themselves hold slaves, very generally defend the conduct of those who do, and accord to them a fair Christian character, and in the way of business frequently take mortgages and levy executions on the bodies of their fellow men, and in some cases of their fellow Christians.
โNow is it a wonder that infidels, beholding the practice and listening to the theory of professing Christians, should conclude that the Bible inculcates a morality not inconsistent with chattelising human beings? And must not this conclusion be strengthened, when they hear ministers of talent and learning declare that the Bible does sanction slaveholding, and that it ought not to be made a disciplinable offence in churches? And must not all doubt be dissipated, when one of the most learned professors in our theological seminaries asserts that the Bible โrecognises that the relation may still exist, salva fide et salva ecclesiaโ (without injury to the Christian faith or church) and that only โthe abuse of it is the essential and fundamental wrong?โ Are not infidels bound to believe that these professors, ministers, and churches understand their own Bible, and that, consequently, notwithstanding solitary passages which appear to condemn slaveholding, the Bible sanctions it? When nothing can be further from the truth. And as for Christ, his whole life was a living testimony against slavery and all that it inculcates. When he designed to do us good, he took upon himself the form of a servant. He took his station at the bottom of society. He voluntarily identified himself with the poor and the despised. The warning voices of Jeremiah and Ezekiel were raised in olden time against sin. Let us not forget what followed. โTherefore, thus saith the Lordโ โye have not harkened unto me in proclaiming liberty everyone to his brother, and everyone to his neighbourโ โbehold I proclaim a liberty for you, saith the Lord, to the sword, to the pestilence, and to the famine.โ Are we not virtually as a nation adopting the same impious language, and are we not exposed to the same tremendous judgments? Shall we not, in view of those things, use every laudable means to awaken our beloved country from the slumbers of death, and baptize all our efforts with tears and with prayers, that God may bless them? Then, should our labour fail to accomplish the end for which we pray, we shall stand acquitted at the bar of Jehovah, and although we may share in the national calamities which await unrepented sins, yet that blessed approval will be oursโ โโWell done, good and faithful servants, enter ye into the joy of your Lord.โโโ
โMy dear Georgiana,โ said Mr. Peck, โI must be permitted to entertain my own views on this subject, and to exercise my own judgment.โ
โBelieve me, dear papa,โ she replied, โI would not be understood as wishing to teach you, or to dictate to you in the least; but only grant my request, not to allude to the Bible as sanctioning slavery, when speaking with Mr. Carlton.โ
โWell,โ returned he, โI will comply with your wish.โ
The young Christian had indeed accomplished a noble work; and whether it was admitted by the father or not, she was his superior and his teacher. Georgiana had viewed the right to enjoy perfect liberty as one of those inherent and inalienable rights which pertain to the whole human race, and of which they can never be divested, except by
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