Six Characters in Search of an Author (Sei personaggi in cerca d’autore) is an Italian three-act play written by Luigi Pirandello in 1921, considered as one of the earliest examples of absurdist theatre. It’s a play within a play that deals with perceptions of reality and illusion, and plays with the ideas of identity and relative truths.
The plot features an acting company who have gathered to rehearse another play by Pirandello, when they’re interrupted by 6 “characters” who arrive in search of their author. They immediately clash with the manager who at first assumes they’re mad. But, as the play progresses, the manager slowly shifts his reality as the characters become more real than the actors.
Six Characters in Search of an Author opened in Rome at Valle di Roma and created a huge and clamorous division in the audience, forcing Pirandello to escape out the side door. But a year later it was presented in Milan to great success, before moving on to Broadway in 1922 where it ran for 136 performances.
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each man of us his own special world. And how can we ever come to an understanding if I put in the words I utter the sense and value of things as I see them; while you who listen to me must inevitably translate them according to the conception of things each one of you has within himself. We think we understand each other, but we never really do! Look here! This woman Indicating The Mother. takes all my pity for her as a specially ferocious form of cruelty.
The Mother
But you drove me away.
The Father
Do you hear her? I drove her away! She believes I really sent her away.
The Mother
You know how to talk, and I don’t; but, believe me sir, To The Manager. after he had married me … who knows why? … I was a poor insignificant woman. …
The Father
But, good Heavens! it was just for your humility that I married you. I loved this simplicity in you. He stops when he sees she makes signs to contradict him, opens his arms wide in sign of desperation, seeing how hopeless it is to make himself understood. You see she denies it. Her mental deafness, believe me, is phenomenal, the limit Touches his forehead. deaf, deaf, mentally deaf! She has plenty of feeling. Oh yes, a good heart for the children; but the brain—deaf, to the point of desperation—!
The Step-Daughter
Yes, but ask him how his intelligence has helped us.
The Father
If we could see all the evil that may spring from good, what should we do? At this point the Leading Lady who is biting her lips with rage at seeing the Leading Man flirting with The Step-Daughter, comes forward and says to The Manager.
Leading Lady
Excuse me, but are we going to rehearse today?
The Manager
Of course, of course; but let’s hear them out.
Juvenile Lead
This is something quite new.
L’Ingénue
Most interesting!
Leading Lady
Yes, for the people who like that kind of thing. Casts a glance at Leading Man.
The Manager
To The Father. You must please explain yourself quite clearly. Sits down.
The Father
Very well then: listen! I had in my service a poor man, a clerk, a secretary of mine, full of devotion, who became friends with her. Indicating The Mother. They understood one another, were kindred souls in fact, without, however, the least suspicion of any evil existing. They were incapable even of thinking of it.
The Step-Daughter
So he thought of it—for them!
The Father
That’s not true. I meant to do good to them—and to myself, I confess, at the same time. Things had come to the point that I could not say a word to either of them without their making a mute appeal, one to the other, with their eyes. I could see them silently asking each other how I was to be kept in countenance, how I was to be kept quiet. And this, believe me, was just about enough of itself to keep me in a constant rage, to exasperate me beyond measure.
The Manager
And why didn’t you send him away then—this secretary of yours?
The Father
Precisely what I did, sir. And then I had to watch this poor woman drifting forlornly about the house like an animal without a master, like an animal one has taken in out of pity.
The Mother
Ah yes … !
The Father
Suddenly turning to The Mother. It’s true about the son anyway, isn’t it?
The Mother
He took my son away from me first of all.
The Father
But not from cruelty. I did it so that he should grow up healthy and strong by living in the country.
The Step-Daughter
Pointing to him ironically. As one can see.
The Father
Quickly. Is it my fault if he has grown up like this? I sent him to a wet nurse in the country, a peasant, as she did not seem to me strong enough, though she is of humble origin. That was, anyway, the reason I married her. Unpleasant all this maybe, but how can it be helped? My mistake possibly, but there we are! All my life I have had these confounded aspirations towards a certain moral sanity. At this point The Step-Daughter bursts out into a noisy laugh. Oh, stop, it! Stop it! I can’t stand it.
The Manager
Yes, please stop it, for Heaven’s sake.
The Step-Daughter
But imagine moral sanity from him, if you please—the client of certain ateliers like that of Madame Pace!
The Father
Fool! That is the proof that I am a man! This seeming contradiction, gentlemen, is the strongest proof that I stand here a live man before you. Why, it is just for this very incongruity in my nature that I have had to suffer what I have. I could not live by the side of that woman Indicating The Mother. any longer; but not so much for the boredom she inspired me with as for the pity I felt for her.
The Mother
And so he turned me out—.
The Father
—well provided for! Yes, I sent her to that man, gentlemen … to let her go free of me.
The Mother
And to free himself.
The Father
Yes, I admit it. It was also a liberation for me. But great evil has come of it. I meant well when I did it; and I did it more for her sake than mine. I swear it. Crosses his arms on his chest; then turns suddenly to The Mother. Did I ever lose sight of you until that other man carried you off to another town, like the angry fool he was? And on account of my pure interest in you … my pure interest, I repeat, that had no base motive in it … I watched with the tenderest concern the new family that grew up around her. She can bear witness to this. Points to The Step-Daughter.
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