Six Characters in Search of an Author (Sei personaggi in cerca d’autore) is an Italian three-act play written by Luigi Pirandello in 1921, considered as one of the earliest examples of absurdist theatre. It’s a play within a play that deals with perceptions of reality and illusion, and plays with the ideas of identity and relative truths.
The plot features an acting company who have gathered to rehearse another play by Pirandello, when they’re interrupted by 6 “characters” who arrive in search of their author. They immediately clash with the manager who at first assumes they’re mad. But, as the play progresses, the manager slowly shifts his reality as the characters become more real than the actors.
Six Characters in Search of an Author opened in Rome at Valle di Roma and created a huge and clamorous division in the audience, forcing Pirandello to escape out the side door. But a year later it was presented in Milan to great success, before moving on to Broadway in 1922 where it ran for 136 performances.
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veil. Let them see you!
The Mother
Rising and covering her face with her hands, in desperation. I beg you, sir, to prevent this man from carrying out his plan which is loathsome to me.
The Manager
Dumbfounded. I don’t understand at all. What is the situation? Is this lady your wife? To The Father.
The Father
Yes, gentlemen: my wife!
The Manager
But how can she be a widow if you are alive? The Actors find relief for their astonishment in a loud laugh.
The Father
Don’t laugh! Don’t laugh like that, for Heaven’s sake. Her drama lies just here in this: she has had a lover, a man who ought to be here.
The Mother
With a cry. No! No!
The Step-Daughter
Fortunately for her, he is dead. Two months ago as I said. We are in mourning, as you see.
The Father
He isn’t here you see, not because he is dead. He isn’t here—look at her a moment and you will understand—because her drama isn’t a drama of the love of two men for whom she was incapable of feeling anything except possibly a little gratitude—gratitude not for me but for the other. She isn’t a woman, she is a mother, and her drama—powerful sir, I assure you—lies, as a matter of fact, all in these four children she has had by two men.
The Mother
I had them? Have you got the courage to say that I wanted them? To the company. It was his doing. It was he who gave me that other man, who forced me to go away with him.
The Step-Daughter
It isn’t true.
The Mother
Startled. Not true, isn’t it?
The Step-Daughter
No, it isn’t true, it just isn’t true.
The Mother
And what can you know about it?
The Step-Daughter
It isn’t true. Don’t believe it. To The Manager. Do you know why she says so? For that fellow there. Indicates The Son. She tortures herself, destroys herself on account of the neglect of that son there; and she wants him to believe that if she abandoned him when he was only two years old, it was because he Indicates The Father. made her do so.
The Mother
Vigorously. He forced me to it, and I call God to witness it. To The Manager. Ask him Indicates husband. if it isn’t true. Let him speak. You To The Step-Daughter. are not in a position to know anything about it.
The Step-Daughter
I know you lived in peace and happiness with my father while he lived. Can you deny it?
The Mother
No, I don’t deny it …
The Step-Daughter
He was always full of affection and kindness for you To The Boy, angrily. It’s true, isn’t it? Tell them! Why don’t you speak, you little fool?
The Mother
Leave the poor boy alone. Why do you want to make me appear ungrateful, daughter? I don’t want to offend your father. I have answered him that I didn’t abandon my house and my son through any fault of mine, nor from any wilful passion.
The Father
It is true. It was my doing.
Leading Man
To the company. What a spectacle!
Leading Lady
We are the audience this time.
Juvenile Lead
For once, in a way.
The Manager
Beginning to get really interested. Let’s hear them out. Listen!
The Son
Oh yes, you’re going to hear a fine bit now. He will talk to you of the Demon of Experiment.
The Father
You are a cynical imbecile. I’ve told you so already a hundred times. To The Manager. He tries to make fun of me on account of this expression which I have found to excuse myself with.
The Son
With disgust. Yes, phrases! phrases!
The Father
Phrases! Isn’t everyone consoled when faced with a trouble or fact he doesn’t understand, by a word, some simple word, which tells us nothing and yet calms us?
The Step-Daughter
Even in the case of remorse. In fact, especially then.
The Father
Remorse? No, that isn’t true. I’ve done more than use words to quieten the remorse in me.
The Step-Daughter
Yes, there was a bit of money too. Yes, yes, a bit of money. There were the hundred lire he was about to offer me in payment, gentlemen. … Sensation of horror among the Actors.
The Son
To The Step-Daughter. This is vile.
The Step-Daughter
Vile? There they were in a pale blue envelope on a little mahogany table in the back of Madame Pace’s shop. You know Madame Pace—one of those ladies who attract poor girls of good family into their ateliers, under the pretext of their selling robes et manteaux.
The Son
And he thinks he has bought the right to tyrannize over us all with those hundred lire he was going to pay; but which, fortunately—note this, gentlemen—he had no chance of paying.
The Step-Daughter
It was a near thing, though, you know! Laughs ironically.
The Mother
Protesting. Shame, my daughter, shame!
The Step-Daughter
Shame indeed! This is my revenge! I am dying to live that scene. … The room … I see it. … Here is the window with the mantles exposed, there the divan, the looking-glass, a screen, there in front of the window the little mahogany table with the blue envelope containing one hundred lire. I see it. I see it. I could take hold of it. … But you, gentlemen, you ought to turn your backs now: I am almost nude, you know. But I don’t blush: I leave that to him. Indicating The Father.
The Manager
I don’t understand this at all.
The Father
Naturally enough. I would ask you, sir, to exercise your authority a little here, and let me speak before you believe all she is trying to blame me with. Let me explain.
The Step-Daughter
Ah yes, explain it in your own way.
The Father
But don’t you see that the whole trouble lies here. In words, words. Each one of us has within him a whole world of things,
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