Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Don't Know by Adam Grant (sad books to read txt) π
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- Author: Adam Grant
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influencing, defense mechanisms against, 154β55, 154
influencing, listening and, 155β60
information, see knowledge
instincts, 8, 9
integrity, passion as sign of, 179
intellectual humility, 27β28, 31, 45β48, 52β54, 62, 102, 106, 112, 117, 119, 137, 147, 157β58, 165, 187, 200, 203, 214β15, 221, 249β50, 253
arrogance vs., 45
International Space Station, 205β7
internet:
misinformation on, 164
simplification and, 171
interpersonal rethinking, 10β11, 95β160, 253β55
interviewing, motivational, see motivational interviewing
iPhone, 23
Jobsβs resistance to, 29β31
iPod, 30
IQ scores:
emotional intelligence and, 175
mental flexibility vs., 24β27
stereotyping and, 24β25
Israel-Palestine conflict, 131
stereotyping in, 130
Jeff (biotech CEO), 151β53, 155
Jehn, Karen βEtty,β 78
Jimmy Kimmel Live! (TV show), 214
Jobs, Steve, iPhone resisted by, 29β31
Johnson Space Center, 221
joy of being wrong, 61β62, 65β66, 69, 70, 71β72, 89, 252
judging, of self vs. work, 201
Kaczynski, Ted, 60, 74β75
Kahneman, Daniel:
and joy of being wrong, 61β62
scientist mindset of, 62
Kelemen, Deborah, 188β89
Kelly, George, 127
Kelman, Herb, 130, 131
Kendi, Ibram X., 182
kids:
encouraging rethinking by, 256; see also teachers, teaching
unlearning and, 189β90, 256
βwhat do you want to beβ question and, 225β26, 230, 231, 232
knowledge:
exponential expansion of, 17
oral transmission of, 247
overconfidence and, 92β93
of what we donβt know, see intellectual humility
Knowlton, Karren, 130β31
Kolbert, Elizabeth, 60
Kony, Joseph, 157
Bigombeβs meetings with, 155β56
Kreider, Tim, 97
Kruger, Justin, 38, 158
Krumrei Mancuso, Elizabeth, 52
Ku Klux Klan, 121β22, 139β41, 151
Kundro, Tim, 126, 129β30, 131, 133
Lazaridis, Mike, 31
in failure to rethink marketplace, 23β24
as science prodigy, 15β16, 23
as smartphone pioneer, 16, 23
as victim of overconfidence cycle, 29
leaders, rethinking by, 248β50
learning:
capacity for, confidence in, 48, 252
challenge networks in, 200
confusion in, 199, 255, 256
inquiry-based, see active learning
scientist mindset in, 186
textbooks and, 185β87
see also lifelong learning
learning cultures:
βhow do you knowβ questions in, 211β12
in organizations, 205β22, 256β57
performance cultures vs., 209
psychological safety in, 209, 212β13, 214β15, 256
rethinking in, 207β8
rethinking scorecards in, 218β19, 218, 257
lectures, active learning vs., 190β93, 196
Lewis, Jerry Lee, 121
lifelong learning, 11, 54, 251, 253
charged conversations in, 163β83
focus on results as obstacle to, 217
teachers and, 185β203
at workplace, 205β22
life plans, 225β43
identity foreclosure and, 232β33
periodic checkups on, 235β37, 257
rethinking, 233, 235β37, 257
tunnel vision and, 228β29
see also career choices
listening, 143β59
as expression of respect and care, 159β60
influencing and, 155β60
in motivational interviewing, 153
persuasive, 253
reflective, 147
listening circles, 157β58
logic, faulty, prosecutor mindset, 102, 104
Lordβs Resistance Army, 155, 156n, 157
Lyne, Andrew, 73
McCann, Lauren, 196β97
McCarthy, Erin, 185β87, 189β90, 203
Maclean, Norman, 5
Madoff, Bernie, 18, 19
managers:
feedback and, 213β14
self-rating of, 39β40, 39
Mann Gulch wildfire, 1β2, 5β7
outmoded assumptions as factor in, 11β12
mastery, 198
Matrix, The (film), 194
meaning, pursuit of, happiness vs., 238, 240β41
Mean Reviews videos, 214β15
βMean Tweets,β 214
measles, 148
mortality rate of, 144
resurgence of, 143β44
media:
climate change and, 170β73
complexification and, 171β73
medical errors, psychological safety and, 208β9
mental flexibility, 2β3, 8, 9β10, 251
IQ scores vs., 24β27
rethinking and, see rethinking
scientist mindset and, 27
Mercz, Ursula, 33β34
Michigan, University of, 132
Mill, John Stuart, 241
Miller, Bill, 146, 152, 153, 154, 156
misfits, see disagreeable people; pirates
Mitchell, Edgar, 128
Morrell, Kjirste, forecasting skill of, 68β69
motivation:
ineffective approaches in, 150
pay and, 114
motivational interviewing, 146β51
in business, 151β53
confident humility in, 147
curiosity in, 147, 157
in everyday life, 149β51
freedom of choice in, 148, 255
listening in, 153
open-ended questions in, 147, 148, 156
resisting righting reflex in, 156
summarizing in, 153
sustain talk vs. change talk in, 152β53
as tool for changing behavior, 148
Mount Stupid, 43, 44, 45, 252
Moyers, Theresa, 152
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 114β15
Murphy, Kate, 156
Murray, Henry:
beliefs experiment of, 55β57, 60, 74β75
spy assessment test of, 56
NASA:
emerging learning culture at, 221
lack of psychological safety at, 210β11
overconfidence cycles at, 208
and Parmitanoβs spacesuit malfunction, 205β7, 211
performance culture at, 207β8, 210β11, 216β17
rethinking failures at, 207β8, 217, 222
space shuttle disasters of, 207, 210β11, 220
Natarajan, Harish:
debate championships of, 97
question-based approach of, 112
in school subsidy debate, 97β103, 106β10, 112
negotiations, 106
adversarial approach vs. search for common ground in, 104β5
asking questions in, 105β6
debates as, 104
focusing on key points in, 105
humility and curiosity in, 105β6
networks, challenge, see challenge networks
New York Times, 248β49
New York Yankees, Red Sox rivalry with, 122β24, 126β27, 127, 128, 133β36
Nomad Health, 241
North Carolina, University of, Duke rivalry with, 131
Nozick, Robert, 194β95
nuance, 117, 168, 171, 174, 176, 183
Obama, Michelle, 230
Ochoa, Ellen, 217, 220β21
and Columbia space shuttle disaster, 210β11
Oddsson, DavΓΓ°:
in campaign for Icelandβs presidency, 37, 41, 54
career of, 41
and 2008 financial crisis, 36β37, 45
Office, The (TV show), 117β18
Office of Strategic Services, 56
Ohio State University, 132β33
open systems, 241
identities as, 243
opinions, see beliefs and opinions
Originals (Grant), 116
overconfidence, 92β93
overconfidence cycles, 28β29, 28, 61, 165, 188, 189, 208, 233, 252
overthinking, 235n
overview effect, in astronauts, 128β29
Parmitano, Luca, in spacesuit malfunction, 205β7, 211
passion, as sign of integrity, 178
passion talks, 198
pay, motivation and, 114
perfectionists, rethinking as difficult for, 195β96
performance cultures, 207β8, 221
best practices and, 216β17
learning cultures vs., 209
persuasion, beliefs as reinforced by failed attempts at, 144β45, 146
persuasive listening, 253
Peterson, Jordan, 175
pirates (misfits), 83, 84β85, 88β89
Pixar, 82β83
pirates at, 83, 84β85, 88β89
Planck, Max, 247
Plutarch, 132
polarization, political, 164
polarizing issues, conversations on, see charged conversations
police brutality, rethinking assumptions about, 10
politician mindset, 233, 248, 260
in collective rethinking, 163, 169, 183
in individual rethinking, 18β19, 21, 22, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 53, 62, 80, 85β86, 88
in interpersonal rethinking, 107, 108, 145, 156
preacher mindset, 233, 248, 251
in collective rethinking, 165, 167, 169, 175, 177, 183, 192, 200, 216
in individual rethinking, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 39, 60, 62, 76, 80, 91, 92
in interpersonal rethinking, 102, 104, 107, 108, 110, 111, 117n, 119, 124, 127, 132, 141, 144, 145, 146, 155, 156, 157
Prectet, Debra Jo, see Project Debater
prejudice, 121β41
conversation as antidote to, 140β41
see also rivalries; stereotypes
preschool subsidies, debate on, 97β102, 106β10, 112
presidents, U.S., intellectual curiosity and, 27
process accountability, best practices vs., 216β19, 256
Project Debater, in school subsidy debate, 97β102, 107β10, 112
proof, as enemy of progress, 219
prosecutor mindset, 230, 233, 248, 251
in collective rethinking, 165, 167, 169, 175, 177, 183, 192, 200
in individual rethinking, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 39, 53, 60, 62, 76, 80, 91, 92
in interpersonal rethinking, 102, 104, 107, 108, 110, 111, 113, 119, 124, 127, 132, 141, 145, 146, 155, 156, 157
psychological safety, 208β9, 210, 256
authorβs experiments on, 212β13
at Gates Foundation, 212β13, 214β15
βhow do you knowβ question and, 211β12
as lacking at NASA, 210β11
medical errors and, 208β9
process accountability and, 217β18
Quakers, clearness committees and, 156n
question-based approach:
in debates, 112β13
encouraging rethinking through, 253β54
in scientist mindset, 25β26
questions:
counterfactual, 137β39, 254
as encouraged by self-doubt, 53β54
βhow do you know,β 211β12
βhowβ vs. βwhy,β 254
open-ended, 147, 148, 156
skilled negotiatorsβ use of, 105β6
βwhat do you want to be,β 225β26, 230, 231, 232
racial injustice, rethinking assumptions about, 10
racism, 10, 121β22, 139β41, 181β83
Rackham, Neil, 104,
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