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Title: Manual of Surgery
Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition.
Author: Alexis Thomson and Alexander Miles
Release Date: March 4, 2006 [EBook #17921]
Language: English
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANUAL OF SURGERY ***
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OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS
MANUAL OF SURGERY
BY
ALEXIS THOMSON, F.R.C.S.Ed.
PROFESSOR OF SURGERY, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH
SURGEON EDINBURGH ROYAL INFIRMARY
AND
ALEXANDER MILES, F.R.C.S.Ed.
SURGEON EDINBURGH ROYAL INFIRMARY
VOLUME FIRST
GENERAL SURGERY
SIXTH EDITION REVISED
WITH 169 ILLUSTRATIONS
LONDON
HENRY FROWDE and HODDER & STOUGHTON
THE LANCET BUILDING
1 & 2 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND, W.C.2
First Edition
1904
Second Edition
1907
Third Edition
1909
Fourth Edition
1911
""Second Impression
1913
Fifth Edition
1915
""Second Impression
1919
Sixth Edition
1921
Printed in Great Britain by
Morrison and Gibb Ltd., Edinburgh
PREFACE TO SIXTH EDITION
Much has happened since this Manual was last revised, and many surgical lessons have been learned in the hard school of war. Some may yet have to be unlearned, and others have but little bearing on the problems presented to the civilian surgeon. Save in its broadest principles, the surgery of warfare is a thing apart from the general surgery of civil life, and the exhaustive literature now available on every aspect of it makes it unnecessary that it should receive detailed consideration in a manual for students. In preparing this new edition, therefore, we have endeavoured to incorporate only such additions to our knowledge and resources as our experience leads us to believe will prove of permanent value in civil practice.
For the rest, the text has been revised, condensed, and in places rearranged; a number of old illustrations have been discarded, and a greater number of new ones added. Descriptions of operative procedures have been omitted from the Manual, as they are to be found in the companion volume on Operative Surgery, the third edition of which appeared some months ago.
We have retained the Basle anatomical nomenclature, as extended experience has confirmed our preference for it. For the convenience of readers who still employ the old terms, these are given in brackets after the new.
This edition of the Manual appears in three volumes; the first being devoted to General Surgery, the other two to Regional Surgery. This arrangement has enabled us to deal in a more consecutive manner than hitherto with the surgery of the Extremities, including Fractures and Dislocations.
We have once more to express our thanks to colleagues in the Edinburgh School and to other friends for aiding us in providing new illustrations, and for other valuable help, as well as to our publishers for their generosity in the matter of illustrations.
Edinburgh,
March 1921.
CONTENTS
page
CHAPTER I
Repair
1
CHAPTER II
Conditions which interfere with Repair
17
CHAPTER III
Inflammation
31
CHAPTER IV
Suppuration
45
CHAPTER V
Ulceration and Ulcers
68
CHAPTER VI
Gangrene
86
CHAPTER VII
Bacterial and other Wound Infections
107
CHAPTER VIII
Tuberculosis
133
CHAPTER IX
Syphilis
146
CHAPTER X
Tumours
181
CHAPTER XI
Injuries
218
CHAPTER XII
Methods of Wound Treatment
241
CHAPTER XIII
Constitutional Effects of Injuries
249
CHAPTER XIV
The Blood Vessels
258
CHAPTER XV
The Lymph Vessels and Glands
321
CHAPTER XVI
The Nerves
342
CHAPTER XVII
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues
376
CHAPTER XVIII
The Muscles, Tendons, and Tendon Sheaths
405
CHAPTER XIX
The Bursæ
426
CHAPTER XX
Diseases of Bone
434
CHAPTER XXI
Diseases of Joints
501
INDEX
547
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
fig.
page
1.
Ulcer of Back of Hand grafted from Abdominal Wall
15
2.
Staphylococcus aureus in Pus from case of Osteomyelitis
25
3.
Streptococci in Pus from case of Diffuse Cellulitis
26
4.
Bacillus coli communis in Pus from Abdominal Abscess
27
5.
Fraenkel's Pneumococci in Pus from Empyema following Pneumonia
28
6.
Passive Hyperæmia of Hand and Forearm induced by Bier's Bandage
37
7.
Passive Hyperæmia of Finger induced by Klapp's Suction Bell
38
8.
Passive Hyperæmia induced by Klapp's Suction Bell for Inflammation of Inguinal Gland
39
9.
Diagram of various forms of Whitlow
56
10.
Charts of Acute Sapræmia
61
11.
Chart of Hectic Fever
62
12.
Chart of Septicæmia followed by Pyæmia
63
13.
Chart of Pyæmia following on Acute Osteomyelitis
65
14.
Leg Ulcers associated with Varicose Veins
71
15.
Perforating Ulcers of Sole of Foot
74
16.
Bazin's Disease in a girl æt. 16
75
17.
Syphilitic Ulcers in region of Knee
76
18.
Callous Ulcer showing thickened edges
78
19.
Tibia and Fibula, showing changes due to Chronic Ulcer of Leg
80
20.
Senile Gangrene of the Foot
89
21.
Embolic Gangrene of Hand and Arm
92
22.
Gangrene of Terminal Phalanx of Index-Finger
100
23.
Cancrum Oris
103
24.
Acute Bed Sores over right Buttock
104
25.
Chart of Erysipelas occurring in a wound
108
26.
Bacillus of Tetanus
113
27.
Bacillus of Anthrax
120
28.
Malignant Pustule third day after infection
122
29.
Malignant Pustule fourteen days after infection
122
30.
Colony of Actinomyces
126
31.
Actinomycosis of Maxilla
128
32.
Mycetoma, or Madura Foot
130
33.
Tubercle bacilli
134
34.
Tuberculous Abscess in Lumbar Region
141
35.
Tuberculous Sinus injected through its opening in the Forearm with Bismuth Paste
144
36.
Spirochæte pallida
147
37.
Spirochæta refrigerans from scraping of Vagina
148
38.
Primary Lesion on Thumb, with Secondary Eruption on Forearm
154
39.
Syphilitic Rupia
159
40.
Ulcerating Gumma of Lips
169
41.
Ulceration in inherited Syphilis
170
42.
Tertiary Syphilitic Ulceration in region of Knee and on both Thumbs
171
43.
Facies of Inherited Syphilis
174
44.
Facies of Inherited Syphilis
175
45.
Subcutaneous Lipoma
185
46.
Pedunculated Lipoma of Buttock
186
47.
Diffuse Lipomatosis of Neck
187
48.
Zanthoma of Hands
188
49.
Zanthoma of Buttock
189
50.
Chondroma growing from Infra-Spinous Fossa of Scapula
190
51.
Chondroma of Metacarpal Bone of Thumb
190
52.
Cancellous Osteoma of Lower End of Femur
192
53.
Myeloma of Shaft of Humerus
195
54.
Fibro-myoma of Uterus
196
55.
Recurrent Sarcoma of Sciatic Nerve
198
56.
Sarcoma of Arm fungating
199
57.
Carcinoma of Breast
206
58.
Epithelioma of Lip
209
59.
Dermoid Cyst of Ovary
213
60.
Carpal Ganglion in a woman æt. 25
215
61.
Ganglion on lateral aspect of Knee
216
62.
Radiogram showing pellets embedded in Arm
228
63.
Cicatricial Contraction following Severe Burn
236
64.
Genealogical Tree of Hæmophilic Family
278
65.
Radiogram showing calcareous degeneration of Arteries
284
66.
Varicose Vein with Thrombosis
289
67.
Extensive Varix of Internal Saphena System on Left Leg
291
68.
Mixed Nævus of Nose
296
69.
Cirsoid Aneurysm of Forehead
299
70.
Cirsoid Aneurysm of Orbit and Face
300
71.
Radiogram of Aneurysm of Aorta
303
72.
Sacculated Aneurysm of Abdominal Aorta
304
73.
Radiogram of Innominate Aneurysm after Treatment by Moore-Corradi method
309
74.
Thoracic Aneurysm threatening to rupture
313
75.
Innominate Aneurysm in a woman
315
76.
Congenital Cystic Tumour or Hygroma of Axilla
328
77.
Tuberculous Cervical Gland with Abscess formation
331
78.
Mass of Tuberculous Glands removed from Axilla
333
79.
Tuberculous Axillary Glands
335
80.
Chronic Hodgkin's Disease in boy æt. 11
337
81.
Lymphadenoma in a woman æt. 44
338
82.
Lympho Sarcoma removed from Groin
339
83.
Cancerous Glands in Neck, secondary to Epithelioma of Lip
341
84.
Stump Neuromas of Sciatic Nerve
345
85.
Stump Neuromas, showing changes at ends of divided Nerves
354
86.
Diffuse Enlargement of Nerves in generalised Neuro-Fibromatosis
356
87.
Plexiform Neuroma of small Sciatic Nerve
357
88.
Multiple Neuro-Fibromas of Skin (Molluscum fibrosum)
358
89.
Elephantiasis Neuromatosa in a woman æt. 28
359
90.
Drop-Wrist following Fracture of Shaft of Humerus
365
91.
To illustrate the Loss of Sensation produced by Division of the Median Nerve
367
92.
To illustrate Loss of Sensation produced by Complete Division of Ulnar Nerve
368
93.
Callosities and Corns on Sole of Foot
377
94.
Ulcerated Chilblains on Fingers
378
95.
Carbuncle on Back of Neck
381
96.
Tuberculous Elephantiasis
383
97.
Elephantiasis in a woman æt. 45
387
98.
Elephantiasis of Penis and Scrotum
388
99.
Multiple Sebaceous Cysts or Wens
390
100.
Sebaceous Horn growing from Auricle
392
101.
Paraffin Epithelioma
394
102.
Rodent Cancer of Inner Canthus
395
103.
Rodent Cancer with destruction of contents of Orbit
396
104.
Diffuse Melanotic Cancer of Lymphatics of Skin
398
105.
Melanotic Cancer of Forehead with Metastasis in Lymph Glands
399
106.
Recurrent Keloid
401
107.
Subungual Exostosis
403
108.
Avulsion of Tendon
410
109.
Volkmann's Ischæmic Contracture
414
110.
Ossification in Tendon of Ilio-psoas Muscle
417
111.
Radiogram of Calcification and Ossification in Biceps and Triceps
418
112.
Ossification in Muscles of Trunk in generalised Ossifying Myositis
419
113.
Hydrops of Prepatellar Bursa
427
114.
Section through Gouty Bursa
428
115.
Tuberculous Disease of Sub-Deltoid Bursa
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