All About Coffee by William H. Ukers (best new books to read .TXT) 📕

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CHAPTER II

HISTORY OF COFFEE PROPAGATION

A brief account of the cultivation of the coffee plant in the Old World, and of its introduction into the New--A romantic coffee adventure Page 5

CHAPTER III

EARLY HISTORY OF COFFEE DRINKING

Coffee in the Near East in the early centuries--Stories of its origin--Discovery by physicians and adoption by the Church--Its spread through Arabia, Persia, and Turkey--Persecutions and Intolerances--Early coffee manners and customs Page 11

CHAPTER IV

INTRODUCTION OF COFFEE INTO WESTERN EUROPE

When the three great temperance beverages, cocoa, tea, and coffee, came to Europe--Coffee first mentioned by Rauwolf in 1582--Early days of coffee in Italy--How Pope Clement VIII baptized it and made it a truly Christian beverage--The first Europe

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[74] Also given as Sir James Muddiford, Murford, Mudford, Moundeford, and Modyford.

[75] The Dutch admiral who, in June, 1667, dashed into the Downs with a fleet of eighty "sail", and many "fire-ships", blocked up the mouths of the Medway and Thames, destroyed the fortifications at Sheerness, cut away the paltry defenses of booms and chains drawn across the rivers, and got to Chatham, on the one side, and nearly to Gravesend on the other, the king having spent in debauchery the money voted by Parliament for the proper support of the English navy.

[76] General Monk and Prince Rupert were at this time commanders of the English fleet.

[77] Lillie (Lilly) was the celebrated astrologer of the Protectorate, who earned great fame at that time by predicting, in June, 1645, "if now we fight, a victory stealeth upon us;" a lucky guess, signally verified in the King's defeat at Naseby. Lilly thenceforth always saw the stars favourable to the Puritans.

[78] This man was originally a fishing-tackle maker in Tower Street during the reign of Charles I; but turning enthusiast, he went about prognosticating "the downfall of the King and Popery;" and as he and his predictions were all on the popular side, he became a great man with the superstitious "godly brethren" of that day.

[79] Turnball, or Turnbull-street, as it is still called, had been for a century previous of infamous repute. In Beaumont and Fletcher's play, the Knight of the Burning Pestle, one of the ladies who is undergoing penance at the barber's, has her character sufficiently pointed out to the audience, in her declaration, that she had been "stolen from her friends in Turnball-street."

[80] Anderson. Adam. Historical and Chronological Deduction of the Origin of Commerce. London. 1787.

[81] See chapter III.

[82] More fully described in chapter XXXII.

[83] See chapter XXXII.

[84] Wroth, Warwick. The London Pleasure Gardens of the 18th Century. London, 1896.

[85] There were six places, all told, bearing the name "Man's". Alexander Man was coffee maker to William III.

[86] Salvandy, Narcisse-Achille. Influence des Cafés sur les Moeurs Politiques.

[87] Singleton, Esther. Dutch New York. New York, 1909. (p. 132.)

[88] Bishop, J. Leander. A History of American Manufactures, 1608 to 1860. New York, 1864. (Vol. 1; p. 259.)

[89] Patterson, Robert W. Early Society in Southern Illinois. Chicago, 1881.

[90] Andreas, A.T. History of Chicago. Chicago, 1884.

[91] Singleton, Esther. Dutch New York. 1909. (p. 133.)

[92] Bishop, J. Leander. A History of American Manufactures, 1608 to 1860. New York.

[93] Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxson. Philadelphia: a history of the city and its people. Philadelphia, 1912. (vol. 1: p. 106.)

[94] Freeman, W.G. The World's Commercial Products. Boston, (p. 176.)

[95] Tea and Coffee Trade Jour., 1918. (vol. xxxv: no. 4.)

[96] Dr. Cramer considers C. Maragogipe "the finest coffee known; it has a highly developed, splendid flavor."

[97] Journal of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Nov. 15, 1921. (vol. v: no. 2: pp. 274–288.)

[98] The Tea and Coffee Trade Jour., 1912. (vol. xxiii: no. 3.)

[99] Die Menschlichen Genussmittel, 1911. (p. 300.)

[100] See chapter XVI.

[102] Jour. Am. Chem. Soc., 1919 (vol. xli: p. 1306).

[103] Anstead, R.D. Annals on Applied Biology, 1915 (vol. i: pp. 299–302).

[104] Huntington, L.M. Tea and Coffee Trade Jour., 1917 (vol. xxxiii: p. 228).

[105] Gorter, Ann. (vol. ccclxxii: pp. 237–46).

Schulte, A. Z. Nahr. Genussm. (vol. xxvii: pp. 200–25).

Loew, Oscar. Ann. Rep. P.R. Agr. Expt. Sta., 1907 (pp. 41–55).

[106] Sencial. El Hacendado Mex. (vol. ix: p. 191).

[107] Pique, R. Bull. Assoc. Chim. sucr. dist. (vol. xxiv: pp. 1210–13).

[108] Pharm. Jour., 1886 (vol. xvii: p. 656).

[109] U.S. Pat., 113,832, April 18, 1871.

[110] U.S. Pat., 660,602, Oct. 30, 1900.

[111] French Pat., 379,036, Aug. 28, 1906.

[112] French Pat., 359,451, Nov. 15, 1905.

[113] British Pat., 26,905, Dec. 9, 1904.

[114] U.S. Pat., 843,530, Feb. 5, 1907.

[115] U.S. Pat., 1,313,209, Aug. 12, 1919.

[116] U.S. Pat., 134,792, Jan. 14, 1873.

[117] British Pat., 7,427, Mar. 24, 1910.

[118] U.S. Pat., 997,431, July 11, 1911.

[119] British Pat., 23,087, Oct. 9, 1912.

French Pat., 449,343, Oct. 12, 1912.

[120] British Pat., 21,397, Sept. 26, 1907.

French Pat., 382,238, Sept. 26, 1907.

U.S. Pat., 982,902, Jan. 31, 1911.

[121] Pharm. Zentralhalle, 1915 (vol. lvi: pp. 343–48).

[122] Münch. Med. Wochschr., (vol. lviii: pp. 1868–72).

[123] Commercial Organic Analysis.

[124] Ann. Chem. Pharm. 1867 (vol. cxlii: p. 230).

[125] Inaugural Diss., Munich. 1903.

[126] Comptes Rendus, 1897 (vol. cxxiv: p. 1458).

[127] Dict. App. Chem., 1913 (vol. v: p. 393).

[128] U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Chem. Bull. 105, 1907. (p. 42).

[129] Ann. (vol. cccviii: pp. 327–348).

Ibid. (vol. ccclxxii: pp. 237, 246).

Arch. Pharm. (vol. ccxlvii: pp. 184–196).

[130] Jour. Soc. Chem., Ind., 1910 (vol. xxix: p. 138).

[131] Z. Nahr. Genussm. (vol. xxi: p. 295).

[132] Paladino, Gazetta, 1895 (vol. xxv: no. 1: p. 104).

Forster & Riechelmann, Zeitsch. öffent. Chem., 1897 (vol. iii: p. 129).

Polstorff, K. Wallach-Festschrift, 1909 (pp. 569–83).

[133] Private communication.

[134] U.S. Pat., 716,878, Dec. 30, 1902.

[135] Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1920 (vol. xxxviii: pp. 321–22).

[136] Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1907 (vol. xxix: p. 1091).

[137] Ber., 1895 (vol. xxviii: p. 3137); 1899 (vol. xxxii: p. 435); 1900 (vol. xxxiii: p. 3035).

[138] Willcox & Rentschler. Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1910 (vol. xix: p. 440).

[139] Fricke, E. Zeits. f. angew. Chemie., 1889 (pp. 121–122).

[140] Willcox & Rentschler. Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1911 (vol. xx: p. 355).

[141] U.S. Pat., 897,840, Sept. 1, 1908.

[142] British Pat., 144,988, March 19, 1920.

[143] French Pat., 412,550, Feb. 12, 1910.

[144] U.S. Pat., 947,577, Jan. 25, 1910.

[145] Jour. Chem. Soc., 1857 (vol. ix: p. 34).

[146] Wien. Akad. Ber. (2 Abth.) (vol. lxxxi: pp. 1032–1043).

Monatsh, f. Chem., 1880 (vol. i: p. 456).

[147] Zeits. f. Untersuch. d. Nahr. u. Genussm., 1898 (vol. vii: pp. 457–472)

[148] Ber., 1901 (vol. xxxv: pp. 1846–1854).

[149] Compt. rend. (vol. clvii: pp. 212–13).

[150] Bull. Pharm., 1916 (vol. xxx: pp. 276–78).

[151] Dict. App. Chem., 1913 (vol. ii: p. 99).

[152] U.S. Dispensatory, 19th Ed., 1907 (p. 145).

[153] Monatsh. f. Chem. (vol. xxxiii: pp. 1389–1406).

[154] Bull. Pharm., 1916 (vol. xxx: pp. 276–78).

[155] Apoth. Ztg. (vol. xxii: pp. 919–20).

Pharm. Weekbl., 1907 (vol. xxxvii).

[156] Monatsh. f. Chem. (vol. xxxi: p. 1227).

[157] Jour. Landw., 1904 (vol. lii: p. 93).

[158] Amer. Chem. Jour., 1892 (vol. xiv: p. 473).

[159] Analyst, 1902 (vol. xxvi: p. 116).

[160] 58 Mon. Sci. (vol. iii: no. 6: p. 779).

[161] J.P.C., 1867 (p. 307).

[162] Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 1918 (vol. xxviii: pp. 136–141).

[163] Feitler, S.: Eng. Pat., 19,845, Aug. 28, 1897.

[164] U.S. Pat., 33,453, Oct. 8, 1861.

U.S. Pat., 75,829, March 24, 1868.

U.S. Pat., 701,750, June 3, 1902.

[165] U.S. Pat., 943,238, Dec. 14, 1909.

[166] U.S. Pat., 703,508, July 1, 1902.

U.S. Pat., 865,203, Sept. 3, 1907.

[167] Winter, H.: U.S. Pat., 997,431, Aug. 28, 1897.

[168] Simon, M., Jr.: Ger. Pat., 253,419, Feb. 19, 1911.

[169] Von Niessen: British Pat., 7,427, Mar. 24, 1910.

[170] Eng. Pat., 5,776, Mar. 19, 1895.

[171] U.S. Pat., 832,322.

[172] Eng. Pat., 8,270, April 24, 1893.

[173] U.S. Pat., 994,785, June 13, 1911.

[174] Am. J. Pharm., 1915 (vol. lxxxvii: pp. 524–26).

[175] Orig. Com. 8th Intern. Cong. Appl. Chem. (Appen.) (vol. xxvi: p. 389)

[176] Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1920 (vol. xxxix: pp. 318–19).

[177] King, J.E.: U.S. Pat. 1,263,434.

[178] Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1917 (vol. xxxiii: pp. 552–55).

[179] Loc. cit. (see 175).

[180] Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1911 (vol. xx: p. 34).

[181] Pharm. Weekbl. voor Nederl., 1899 (no. 13).

Apoth. Ztg., 1899 (p. 14).

[182] Jour. Assoc. Off. Agri. Chem., 1920 (vol. iii: p. 501).

[183] Blyth, Wynter. Foods, 1909 (p. 359).

[184] Petermann. Bied. Zentr., 1899 (vol. ii: p. 211).

[185] Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. Sept., 1920.

[186] Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Sept., 1920.

[187] U.S. Dept. Agri., Div. of Chem. Bull. 13 (pt. 7: p. 908).

[188] Niles. G.M. Tea & Coffee Trade Jour., 1910 (vol. xix: no. 1: p. 27).

[189] Through The Sun, New York, July 17, 1910.

[190] Annales Politiques et Littéraires, through Tea & Coffee Trade Jour.,

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