One of the most celebrated English comedies of manners, Sheridan’sThe School for Scandal was first produced in 1777 at London’s Drury Lane Theatre. It opened just a year after Sheridan succeeded the famous actor/manager David Garrick as manager and, after Garrick had read the play, he even volunteered to write the prologue—lending his much desired endorsement to the production. The School for Scandal was extremely well received by its audiences as well as by many contemporary critics.
The plot revolves around members of London’s Georgian society who delight in rumor and gossip and the infelicities and flaws of others. Although they draw their victims from their own membership, they let no action go un-noted or uncriticized. But as the plot unfolds events don’t always prove quite so titillating, and not a few find themselves victims of their own love of scandal.
The comedy of manners was a staple of Restoration theatre with William Congreve and Molière being its most famous proponents. After it fell out of favor it was revived in the later part of the 1700s when a new generation of playwrights like William Goldsmith and Richard Sheridan took up writing them again. Praised for its tight writing and razor wit, The School for Scandal skewered high-society with such spirited ridicule and insight that it earned Sheridan the epithet of “the modern Congreve.”
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understand you have lately had great dealings with my nephew Charles.
Moses
Yes, Sir Oliver, I have done all I could for him; but he was ruined before he came to me for assistance.
Sir Oliver
That was unlucky, truly; for you have had no opportunity of showing your talents.
Moses
None at all; I hadn’t the pleasure of knowing his distresses till he was some thousands worse than nothing.
Sir Oliver
Unfortunate, indeed!—But I suppose you have done all in your power for him, honest Moses?
Moses
Yes, he knows that. — This very evening I was to have brought him a gentleman from the city, who does not know him, and will, I believe, advance him some money.
Sir Peter
What—one Charles has never had money from before?
Moses
Yes, Mr. Premium, of Crutched Friars, formerly a broker.
Sir Peter
Egad, Sir Oliver, a thought strikes me!—Charles, you say, does not know Mr. Premium?
Moses
Not at all.
Sir Peter
Now then, Sir Oliver, you may have a better opportunity of satisfying yourself than by an old romancing tale of a poor relation! go with my friend Moses, and represent Premium, and then, I’ll answer for it, you’ll see your nephew in all his glory.
Sir Oliver
Egad, I like this idea better than the other, and I may visit Joseph afterwards as old Stanley.
Sir Peter
True—so you may.
Rowley
Well, this is taking Charles rather at a disadvantage, to be sure. However, Moses, you understand Sir Peter, and will be faithful?
Moses
You may depend upon me. — Looks at his watch. This is near the time I was to have gone.
Sir Oliver
I’ll accompany you as soon as you please, Moses But hold! I have forgot one thing—how the plague shall I be able to pass for a Jew?
Moses
There’s no need—the principal is Christian.
Sir Oliver
Is he? I’m very sorry to hear it. But, then again, an’t I rather too smartly dressed to look like a moneylender?
Sir Peter
Not at all: ’t would not be out of character, if you went in your own carriage—would it, Moses?
Moses
Not in the least.
Sir Oliver
Well, but how must I talk? there’s certainly some cant of usury and mode of treating that I ought to know.
Sir Peter
Oh, there’s not much to learn. The great point, as I take it, is to be exorbitant enough in your demands. Hey, Moses?
Moses
Yes, that’s a very great point.
Sir Oliver
I’ll answer for ’t I’ll not be wanting in that. I’ll ask him eight or ten percent on the loan, at least.
Moses
If you ask him no more than that, you’ll be discovered immediately.
Sir Oliver
Hey!—what the plague—how much then?
Moses
That depends upon the circumstances. If he appears not very anxious for the supply, you should require only forty or fifty percent; but if you find him in great distress, and want the moneys very bad, you may ask double.
Sir Peter
A good honest trade you’re learning, Sir Oliver!
Sir Oliver
Truly, I think so—and not unprofitable.
Moses
Then, you know, you haven’t the moneys yourself, but are forced to borrow them for him of a friend.
Sir Oliver
Oh! I borrow it of a friend, do I?
Moses
And your friend is an unconscionable dog: but you can’t help that.
Sir Oliver
My friend an unconscionable dog, is he?
Moses
Yes, and he himself has not the moneys by him, but is forced to sell stock at a great loss.
Sir Oliver
He is forced to sell stock at a great loss, is he? Well, that’s very kind of him.
Sir Peter
I’faith, Sir Oliver—Mr. Premium, I mean—you’ll soon be master of the trade. But, Moses! would not you have him run out a little against the Annuity Bill?10 That would be in character, I should think.
Moses
Very much.
Rowley
And lament that a young man now must be at years of discretion before he is suffered to ruin himself.
Moses
Ay, great pity.
Sir Peter
And abuse the public for allowing merit to an act whose only object is to snatch misfortune and imprudence from the rapacious grip of usury, and give the minor a chance of inheriting his estate without being undone by coming into possession.
Sir Oliver
So, so—Moses shall give me farther instructions as we go together.
Sir Peter
You will not have much time, for your nephew lives hard by.
Sir Oliver
Oh, never fear! my tutor appears so able, that though Charles lived in the next street, it must be my own fault if I am not a complete rogue before I turn the corner.
Exit with Moses.
Sir Peter
So, now, I think Sir Oliver will be convinced: you are partial, Rowley, and would have prepared Charles for the other plot.
Rowley
No, upon my word, Sir Peter.
Sir Peter
Well, go bring me this Snake, and I’ll hear what he has to say presently. — I see Maria, and want to speak with her. —
Exit Rowley.
I should be glad to be convinced my suspicions of Lady Teazle and Charles were unjust. I have never yet opened my mind on this subject to my friend Joseph—I am determined I will do it—he will give me his opinion sincerely.
Enter Maria.
So, child, has Mr. Surface returned with you?
Maria
No, sir; he was engaged.
Sir Peter
Well, Maria, do you not reflect, the more you converse with that amiable young man, what return his partiality for you deserves?
Maria
Indeed, Sir Peter, your frequent importunity on this subject distresses me extremely—you compel me to declare that I know no man who has ever paid me a particular attention whom I would not prefer to Mr. Surface.
Sir Peter
So—here’s perverseness!—No, no, Maria, ’tis Charles only whom you would prefer. ’T is evident his vices and follies have won your heart.
Maria
This is unkind, sir. You know I have obeyed you in neither seeing nor corresponding with him: I have heard enough to convince me that he is unworthy my regard. Yet I cannot think it culpable, if, while my understanding severely condemns his vices, my heart suggests some pity for his distresses.
Sir Peter
Well, well,
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