War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy (ebook reader for pc TXT) π
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Against the backdrop of the Napoleonic Wars, five aristocratic families in Russia are transformed by the vagaries of life, by war, and by the intersection of their lives with each other. Hundreds of characters populate War and Peace, many of them historical persons, including Napoleon and Tsar Alexander I, and all of them come to life under Tolstoyβs deft hand.
War and Peace is generally considered to be Tolstoyβs masterpiece, a pinnacle of Russian literature, and one of historyβs great novels. Tolstoy himself refused to call it that, saying it was βnot a novel, even less is it a poem, and still less a historical chronicle.β It contains elements of history, narrative, and philosophy, the latter increasing in quantity as the book moves towards its climax. Whatever it is called, it is a triumph whose breadth and depth is perhaps unmatched in literature.
This production restores the Russian given names that were anglicized by the Maudes in their translation, the use of Russian patronymics and diminutives that they eliminated, and Tolstoyβs original four-book structure.
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- Author: Leo Tolstoy
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At that time, as always happens, the highest society that met at court and at the grand balls was divided into several circles, each with its own particular tone. The largest of these was the French circle of the Napoleonic alliance, the circle of Count RumyÑntsev and Caulaincourt. In this group Elèn, as soon as she had settled in Petersburg with her husband, took a very prominent place. She was visited by the members of the French embassy and by many belonging to that circle and noted for their intellect and polished manners.
ElΓ¨n had been at Erfurt during the famous meeting of the Emperors and had brought from there these connections with the Napoleonic notabilities. At Erfurt her success had been brilliant. Napoleon himself had noticed her in the theater and said of her: βCβest un superbe animal.β62 Her success as a beautiful and elegant woman did not surprise Pierre, for she had become even handsomer than before. What did surprise him was that during these last two years his wife had succeeded in gaining the reputation βdβ une femme charmante, aussi spirituelle que belle.β63 The distinguished Prince de Ligne wrote her eight-page letters. BilΓbin saved up his epigrams to produce them in Countess BezΓΊkhovaβs presence. To be received in the Countess BezΓΊkhovaβs salon was regarded as a diploma of intellect. Young men read books before attending ElΓ¨nβs evenings, to have something to say in her salon, and secretaries of the embassy, and even ambassadors, confided diplomatic secrets to her, so that in a way ElΓ¨n was a power. Pierre, who knew she was very stupid, sometimes attended, with a strange feeling of perplexity and fear, her evenings and dinner parties, where politics, poetry, and philosophy were discussed. At these parties his feelings were like those of a conjuror who always expects his trick to be found out at any moment. But whether because stupidity was just what was needed to run such a salon, or because those who were deceived found pleasure in the deception, at any rate it remained unexposed and ElΓ¨na VasΓlievna BezΓΊkhovaβs reputation as a lovely and clever woman became so firmly established that she could say the emptiest and stupidest things and everybody would go into raptures over every word of hers and look for a profound meaning in it of which she herself had no conception.
Pierre was just the husband needed for a brilliant society woman. He was that absentminded crank, a grand seigneur husband who was in no oneβs way, and far from spoiling the high tone and general impression of the drawing room, he served, by the contrast he presented to her, as an advantageous background to his elegant and tactful wife. Pierre during the last two years, as a result of his continual absorption in abstract interests and his sincere contempt for all else, had acquired in his wifeβs circle, which did not interest him, that air of unconcern, indifference, and benevolence toward all, which cannot be acquired artificially and therefore inspires involuntary respect. He entered his wifeβs drawing room as one enters a theater, was acquainted with everybody, equally pleased to see everyone, and equally indifferent to them all. Sometimes he joined in a conversation which interested him and, regardless of whether any βgentlemen of the embassyβ were present or not, lispingly expressed his views, which were sometimes not at all in accord with the accepted tone of the moment. But the general opinion concerning the queer husband of βthe most distinguished woman in Petersburgβ was so well established that no one took his freaks seriously.
Among the many young men who frequented her house every day, BorΓs DrubetskΓ³y, who had already achieved great success in the service, was the most intimate friend of the BezΓΊkhov household since ElΓ¨nβs return from Erfurt. ElΓ¨n spoke of him as βmon pageβ and treated him like a child. Her smile for him was the same as for everybody, but sometimes that smile made Pierre uncomfortable. Toward him BorΓs behaved with a particularly dignified and sad deference. This shade of deference also disturbed Pierre. He had suffered so painfully three years before from the mortification to which his wife had subjected him that he now protected himself from the danger of its repetition, first by not being a husband to his wife, and secondly by not allowing himself to suspect.
βNo, now that she has become a bluestocking she has finally renounced her former infatuations,β he told himself. βThere has never been an instance of a bluestocking being carried away by affairs of the heartββ βa statement which, though gathered from an unknown source, he believed implicitly. Yet strange to say BorΓsβ presence in his wifeβs drawing room (and he was almost always there) had a physical effect upon Pierre; it constricted his limbs and destroyed the unconsciousness and freedom of his movements.
βWhat a strange antipathy,β thought Pierre, βyet I used to like him very much.β
In the eyes of the world Pierre was a great gentleman, the rather blind and absurd husband of a distinguished wife, a clever crank who did nothing but harmed nobody and was a first-rate, good-natured fellow. But a complex and difficult process of internal development was taking place all this time in Pierreβs soul, revealing much to him and causing him many spiritual doubts and joys.
XPierre went on with his diary, and this is what he wrote in it during that time:
24th November
Got up at eight, read the Scriptures, then went to my duties. (By Osip AlexΓ©evichβs advice Pierre had entered the service of the state and served on one of the committees.) Returned home for dinner and dined aloneβ βthe countess had many visitors I do not like. I ate and drank moderately and after dinner copied out some passages
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