Major Barbara is a three-act play that premiered at the Court Theatre in 1905, and was subsequently published in 1907. It portrays idealist Barbara Undershaft, a Major in the Salvation Army, and her encounter with her long-estranged father who has made his fortune as a “dealer of death” in the munitions industry. Barbara doesn’t wish to be associated with her father’s ill-gotten wealth, but can’t prevent him from donating to the Salvation Army and eventually converting her family to his capitalist views on how best to help the poor.
In the preface, Shaw addresses his critics and explicates his actual attitudes towards the Salvation Army, versus the attitudes and fates portrayed by his characters and responded to by the critics. He continues on to discuss the issues of wealth and poverty, religion and science, and how they all fit into his views of society.
Major Barbara is one of the most controversial of Shaw’s work and was greeted with decidedly mixed reviews, yet it endures as one of his most famous plays.
epub:type="z3998:persona">Price
Thievin swine! Wish I ad their job, Rummy, all the same. Wot does Rummy stand for? Pet name props?
Rummy
Short for Romola.
Price
For wot!?
Rummy
Romola. It was out of a new book. Somebody me mother wanted me to grow up like.
Price
We’re companions in misfortune, Rummy. Both on us got names that nobody cawnt pronounce. Consequently I’m Snobby and you’re Rummy because Bill and Sally wasn’t good enough for our parents. Such is life!
Rummy
Who saved you, Mr. Price? Was it Major Barbara?
Price
No: I come here on my own. I’m goin to be Bronterre O’Brien Price, the converted painter. I know wot they like. I’ll tell ’em how I blasphemed and gambled and wopped my poor old mother—
Rummy
Shocked. Used you to beat your mother?
Price
Not likely. She used to beat me. No matter: you come and listen to the converted painter, and you’ll hear how she was a pious woman that taught me me prayers at ’er knee, an’ how I used to come home drunk and drag her out o’ bed be ’er snow white ’airs, an’ lam into ’er with the poker.
Rummy
That’s what’s so unfair to us women. Your confessions is just as big lies as ours: you don’t tell what you really done no more than us; but you men can tell your lies right out at the meetins and be made much of for it; while the sort o’ confessions we az to make az to be wispered to one lady at a time. It ain’t right, spite of all their piety.
Price
Right! Do you spose the Army’d be allowed if it went and did right? Not much. It combs our ’air and makes us good little blokes to be robbed and put upon. But I’ll play the game as good as any of ’em. I’ll see somebody struck by lightnin’, or hear a voice sayin “Snobby Price: where will you spend eternity?” I’ll ’ave a time of it, I tell you.
Rummy
You won’t be let drink, though.
Price
I’ll take it out in gorspellin’, then. I don’t want to drink if I can get fun enough any other way.
Jenny Hill, a pale, overwrought, pretty Salvation lass of 18, comes in through the yard gate, leading Peter Shirley, a half hardened, half worn-out elderly man, weak with hunger.
Jenny
Supporting him. Come! pluck up. I’ll get you something to eat. You’ll be all right then.
Price
Rising and hurrying officiously to take the old man off Jenny’s hands. Poor old man! Cheer up, brother: you’ll find rest and peace and ’appiness ’ere. Hurry up with the food, miss: ’e’s fair done. Jenny hurries into the shelter. ’Ere, buck up, daddy! She’s fetchin y’a thick slice o’ bread ’n’ treacle, an’ a mug o’ skyblue. He seats him at the corner of the table.
Rummy
Gaily. Keep up your old art! Never say die!
Shirley
I’m not an old man. I’m ony 46. I’m as good as ever I was. The grey patch come in my hair before I was thirty. All it wants is three pennorth o’ hair dye: am I to be turned on the streets to starve for it? Holy God! I’ve worked ten to twelve hours a day since I was thirteen, and paid my way all through; and now am I to be thrown into the gutter and my job given to a young man that can do it no better than me because I’ve black hair that goes white at the first change?
Price
Cheerfully. No good jawrin’ about it. You’re ony a jumped-up, jerked-off, ’orspittle-turned-out incurable of an ole workin man: who cares about you? Eh? Make the thievin’ swine give you a meal: they’ve stole many a one from you. Get a bit o’ your own back. Jenny returns with the usual meal. There you are, brother. Awsk a blessin an tuck that into you.
Shirley
Looking at it ravenously but not touching it, and crying like a child. I never took anything before.
Jenny
Petting him. Come, come! the Lord sends it to you: he wasn’t above taking bread from his friends; and why should you be? Besides, when we find you a job you can pay us for it if you like.
Shirley
Eagerly. Yes, yes: that’s true. I can pay you back: it’s only a loan. Shivering. Oh Lord! oh Lord! He turns to the table and attacks the meal ravenously.
Jenny
Well, Rummy, are you more comfortable now?
Rummy
God bless you, lovey! You’ve fed my body and saved my soul, haven’t you? Jenny, touched, kisses her. Sit down and rest a bit: you must be ready to drop.
Jenny
I’ve been going hard since morning. But there’s more work than we can do. I mustn’t stop.
Rummy
Try a prayer for just two minutes. You’ll work all the better after.
Jenny
Her eyes lighting up. Oh isn’t it wonderful how a few minutes prayer revives you! I was quite lightheaded at twelve o’clock, I was so tired; but Major Barbara just sent me to pray for five minutes; and I was able to go on as if I had only just begun. To Price. Did you have a piece of bread?
Paige
With unction. Yes, miss; but I’ve got the piece that I value more; and that’s the peace that passeth hall hannerstennin.
Rummy
Fervently. Glory Hallelujah!
Bill Walker, a rough customer of about 25, appears at the yard gate and looks malevolently at Jenny.
Jenny
That makes me so happy. When you say that, I feel wicked for loitering here. I must get to work again.
She is hurrying to the shelter, when the newcomer moves quickly up to the door and intercepts her. His manner is so threatening that she retreats as he comes at her truculently, driving her down the yard.
Bill
I know you. You’re the one that took away my girl. You’re the one that set ’er agen
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