Major Barbara is a three-act play that premiered at the Court Theatre in 1905, and was subsequently published in 1907. It portrays idealist Barbara Undershaft, a Major in the Salvation Army, and her encounter with her long-estranged father who has made his fortune as a “dealer of death” in the munitions industry. Barbara doesn’t wish to be associated with her father’s ill-gotten wealth, but can’t prevent him from donating to the Salvation Army and eventually converting her family to his capitalist views on how best to help the poor.
In the preface, Shaw addresses his critics and explicates his actual attitudes towards the Salvation Army, versus the attitudes and fates portrayed by his characters and responded to by the critics. He continues on to discuss the issues of wealth and poverty, religion and science, and how they all fit into his views of society.
Major Barbara is one of the most controversial of Shaw’s work and was greeted with decidedly mixed reviews, yet it endures as one of his most famous plays.
a professor of Greek. Can you translate Charles Lomax’s remarks into reputable English for us?
Cusins
Cautiously. If I may say so, Lady Brit, I think Charles has rather happily expressed what we all feel. Homer, speaking of Autolycus, uses the same phrase. πυκινον δόμον ὲλθείν. means a bit thick.
Lomax
Handsomely. Not that I mind, you know, if Sarah don’t.
Lady Britomart
Crushingly. Thank you. Have I your permission, Adolphus, to invite my own husband to my own house?
Cusins
Gallantly. You have my unhesitating support in everything you do.
Lady Britomart
Sarah: have you nothing to say?
Sarah
Do you mean that he is coming regularly to live here?
Lady Britomart
Certainly not. The spare room is ready for him if he likes to stay for a day or two and see a little more of you; but there are limits.
Sarah
Well, he can’t eat us, I suppose. I don’t mind.
Lomax
Chuckling. I wonder how the old man will take it.
Lady Britomart
Much as the old woman will, no doubt, Charles.
Lomax
Abashed. I didn’t mean—at least—
Lady Britomart
You didn’t think, Charles. You never do; and the result is, you never mean anything. And now please attend to me, children. Your father will be quite a stranger to us.
Lomax
I suppose he hasn’t seen Sarah since she was a little kid.
Lady Britomart
Not since she was a little kid, Charles, as you express it with that elegance of diction and refinement of thought that seem never to desert you. Accordingly—er—Impatiently. Now I have forgotten what I was going to say. That comes of your provoking me to be sarcastic, Charles. Adolphus: will you kindly tell me where I was.
Cusins
Sweetly. You were saying that as Mr. Undershaft has not seen his children since they were babies, he will form his opinion of the way you have brought them up from their behavior tonight, and that therefore you wish us all to be particularly careful to conduct ourselves well, especially Charles.
Lomax
Look here: Lady Brit didn’t say that.
Lady Britomart
Vehemently. I did, Charles. Adolphus’s recollection is perfectly correct. It is most important that you should be good; and I do beg you for once not to pair off into opposite corners and giggle and whisper while I am speaking to your father.
Barbara
All right, mother. We’ll do you credit.
Lady Britomart
Remember, Charles, that Sarah will want to feel proud of you instead of ashamed of you.
Lomax
Oh I say! There’s nothing to be exactly proud of, don’t you know.
Lady Britomart
Well, try and look as if there was.
Morrison, pale and dismayed, breaks into the room in unconcealed disorder.
Morrison
Might I speak a word to you, my lady?
Lady Britomart
Nonsense! Show him up.
Morrison
Yes, my lady. He goes.
Lomax
Does Morrison know who he is?
Lady Britomart
Of course. Morrison has always been with us.
Lomax
It must be a regular corker for him, don’t you know.
Lady Britomart
Is this a moment to get on my nerves, Charles, with your outrageous expressions?
Lomax
But this is something out of the ordinary, really—
Morrison
At the door. The—er—Mr. Undershaft. He retreats in confusion.Andrew Undershaft comes in. All rise. Lady Britomart meets him in the middle of the room behind the settee.
Andrew is, on the surface, a stoutish, easygoing elderly man, with kindly patient manners, and an engaging simplicity of character. But he has a watchful, deliberate, waiting, listening face, and formidable reserves of power, both bodily and mental, in his capacious chest and long head. His gentleness is partly that of a strong man who has learnt by experience that his natural grip hurts ordinary people unless he handles them very carefully, and partly the mellowness of age and success. He is also a little shy in his present very delicate situation.
Lady Britomart
Good evening, Andrew.
Undershaft
How d’ye do, my dear.
Lady Britomart
You look a good deal older.
Undershaft
Apologetically. I am somewhat older. With a touch of courtship. Time has stood still with you.
Lady Britomart
Promptly. Rubbish! This is your family.
Undershaft
Surprised. Is it so large? I am sorry to say my memory is failing very badly in some things. He offers his hand with paternal kindness to Lomax.
Lomax
Jerkily shaking his hand. Ahdedoo.
Undershaft
I can see you are my eldest. I am very glad to meet you again, my boy.
Lomax
Remonstrating. No but look here don’t you know—Overcome. Oh I say!
Lady Britomart
Recovering from momentary speechlessness. Andrew: do you mean to say that you don’t remember how many children you have?
Undershaft
Well, I am afraid I—. They have grown so much—er. Am I making any ridiculous mistake? I may as well confess: I recollect only one son. But so many things have happened since, of course—er—
Lady Britomart
Decisively. Andrew: you are talking nonsense. Of course you have only one son.
Undershaft
Perhaps you will be good enough to introduce me, my dear.
Lady Britomart
That is Charles Lomax, who is engaged to Sarah.
Undershaft
My dear sir, I beg your pardon.
Lomax
Not at all. Delighted, I assure you.
Lady Britomart
This is Stephen.
Undershaft
Bowing. Happy to make your acquaintance, Mr. Stephen. Then going to Cusins. you must be my son. Taking Cusins’ hands in his. How are you, my young friend? To Lady Britomart. He is very like you, my love.
Cusins
You flatter me, Mr. Undershaft. My name is Cusins: engaged to Barbara. Very explicitly. That is Major Barbara Undershaft, of the Salvation Army. That is Sarah, your second daughter. This is Stephen Undershaft, your son.
Undershaft
My dear Stephen, I beg your pardon.
Stephen
Not at all.
Undershaft
Mr. Cusins: I am much indebted to you for explaining so precisely. Turning to Sarah. Barbara, my dear—
Sarah
Prompting him. Sarah.
Undershaft
Sarah, of course. They shake hands. He goes over to Barbara. Barbara—I am right this time, I hope.
Barbara
Quite right. They shake hands.
Lady Britomart
Resuming command. Sit down, all
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