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biscuits and all those sorts of things - and

one was almost certain to have some money every day, because it wasnโ€™t

likely that a whole day would go by without someone or other coming

into the shop to buy something. When delivering the groceries with

the horse and cart, he would give rides to all the boys he knew, and

in the summertime, after the work was done and the shop shut up,

Mother and Elsie and Granny could also come for long rides into the

country.

 

The old grandmother - who had latterly become quite childish - used to

sit and listen to all this talk with a superior air. Sometimes she

argued with the children about their plans, and ridiculed them. She

used to say with a chuckle that she had heard people talk like that

before - lots of times - but it never came to nothing in the end.

 

One week about the middle of February, when they were in very sore

straits indeed, old Jack applied to the secretary of the Organized

Benevolence Society for assistance. It was about eleven oโ€™clock in

the morning when he turned the corner of the street where the office

of the society was situated and saw a crowd of about thirty men

waiting for the doors to be opened in order to apply for soup tickets.

Some of these men were of the tramp or the drunken loafer class; some

were old, broken-down workmen like himself, and others were labourers

wearing corduroy or moleskin trousers with straps round their legs

under their knees.

 

Linden waited at a distance until all these were gone before he went

in. The secretary received him sympathetically and gave him a big

form to fill up, but as Lindenโ€™s eyes were so bad and his hand so

unsteady the secretary very obligingly wrote in the answers himself,

and informed him that he would inquire into the case and lay his

application before the committee at the next meeting, which was to be

held on the following Thursday - it was then Monday.

 

Linden explained to him that they were actually starving. He had been

out of work for sixteen weeks, and during all that time they had lived

for the most part on the earnings of his daughter-in-law, but she had

not done anything for nearly a fortnight now, because the firm she

worked for had not had any work for her to do. There was no food in

the house and the children were crying for something to eat. All last

week they had been going to school hungry, for they had had nothing

but dry bread and tea every day: but this week - as far as he could

see - they would not get even that. After some further talk the

secretary gave him two soup tickets and an order for a loaf of bread,

and repeated his promise to inquire into the case and bring it before

the committee.

 

As Jack was returning home he passed the Soup Kitchen, where he saw

the same lot of men who had been to the office of the Organized

Benevolence Society for the soup tickets. They were waiting in a long

line to be admitted. The premises being so small, the proprietor

served them in batches of ten at a time.

 

On Wednesday the secretary called at the house, and on Friday Jack

received a letter from him to the effect that the case had been duly

considered by the committee, who had come to the conclusion that as it

was a `chronicโ€™ case they were unable to deal with it, and advised him

to apply to the Board of Guardians. This was what Linden had hitherto

shrunk from doing, but the situation was desperate. They owed five

weeksโ€™ rent, and to crown their misfortune his eyesight had become so

bad that even if there had been any prospect of obtaining work it was

very doubtful if he could have managed to do it. So Linden, feeling

utterly crushed and degraded, swallowed all that remained of his pride

and went like a beaten dog to see the relieving officer, who took him

before the Board, who did not think it a suitable case for out-relief,

and after some preliminaries it was arranged that Linden and his wife

were to go into the workhouse, and Mary was to be allowed three

shillings a week to help her to support herself and the two children.

As for Lindenโ€™s sons, the Guardians intimated their Intention of

compelling them to contribute towards the cost of their parentsโ€™

maintenance.

 

Mary accompanied the old people to the gates of their future

dwelling-place, and when she returned home she found there a letter

addressed to J. Linden. It was from the house agent and contained a

notice to leave the house before the end of the ensuing week. Nothing

was said about the rent that was due. Perhaps Mr Sweater thought that

as he had already received nearly six hundred pounds in rent from

Linden he could afford to be generous about the five weeks that were

still owing - or perhaps he thought there was no possibility of

getting the money. However that may have been, there was no reference

to it in the letter - it was simply a notice to clear out, addressed

to Linden, but meant for Mary.

 

It was about half past three oโ€™clock in the afternoon when she

returned home and found this letter on the floor in the front passage.

She was faint with fatigue and hunger, for she had had nothing but a

cup of tea and a slice of bread that day, and her fare had not been

much better for many weeks past. The children were at school, and the

house - now almost destitute of furniture and without carpets or

oilcloth on the floors - was deserted and cold and silent as a tomb.

On the kitchen table were a few cracked cups and saucers, a broken

knife, some lead teaspoons, a part of a loaf, a small basin containing

some dripping and a brown earthenware teapot with a broken spout.

Near the table were two broken kitchen chairs, one with the top

cross-piece gone from the back, and the other with no back to the seat

at all. The bareness of the walls was relieved only by a coloured

almanac and some paper pictures which the children had tacked upon

them, and by the side of the fireplace was the empty wicker chair

where the old woman used to sit. There was no fire in the grate, and

the cold hearth was untidy with an accumulation of ashes, for during

the trouble of these last few days she had not had time or heart to do

any housework. The floor was unswept and littered with scraps of

paper and dust: in one corner was a heap of twigs and small branches

of trees that Charley had found somewhere and brought home for the

fire.

 

The same disorder prevailed all through the house: all the doors were

open, and from where she stood in the kitchen she could see the bed

she shared with Elsie, with its heterogeneous heap of coverings. The

sitting-room contained nothing but a collection of odds and ends of

rubbish which belonged to Charley - his `thingsโ€™ as he called them -

bits of wood, string and rope; one wheel of a perambulator, a top, an

iron hoop and so on. Through the other door was visible the

dilapidated bedstead that had been used by the old people, with a

similar lot of bedclothes to those on her own bed, and the torn,

ragged covering of the mattress through the side of which the flock

was protruding and falling in particles on to the floor.

 

As she stood there with the letter in her hand - faint and weary in

the midst of all this desolation, it seemed to her as if the whole

world were falling to pieces and crumbling away all around her.

Chapter 34

The Beginning of the End

 

During the months of January and February, Owen, Crass, Slyme and

Sawkins continued to work at irregular intervals for Rushton & Co.,

although - even when there was anything to do - they now put in only

six hours a day, commencing in the morning and leaving off at four,

with an hourโ€™s interval for dinner between twelve and one. They

finished the `plantโ€™ and painted the front of Rushtonโ€™s shop. When

all this was completed, as no other work came in, they all had to

`stand offโ€™ with the exception of Sawkins, who was kept on because he

was cheap and able to do all sorts of odd jobs, such as unstopping

drains, repairing leaky roofs, rough painting or limewashing, and he

was also useful as a labourer for the plumbers, of whom there were now

three employed at Rushtonโ€™s, the severe weather which had come in with

January having made a lot of work in that trade. With the exception

of this one branch, practically all work was at a standstill.

 

During this time Rushton & Co. had had several `boxing-upโ€™ jobs to do,

and Crass always did the polishing of the coffins on these occasions,

besides assisting to take the `boxโ€™ home when finished and to `lift

inโ€™ the corpse, and afterwards he always acted as one of the bearers

at the funerals. For an ordinary class funeral he usually put in

about three hours for the polishing; that came to one and nine.

Taking home the coffin and lifting in the corpse, one shilling -

usually there were two men to do this besides Hunter, who always

accompanied them to superintend the work - attending the funeral and

acting as bearer, four shillings: so that altogether Crass made six

shillings and ninepence out of each funeral, and sometimes a little

more. For instance, when there was an unusually good-class corpse

they had a double coffin and then of course there were two `lifts inโ€™,

for the shell was taken home first and the outer coffin perhaps a day

or two later: this made another shilling. No matter how expensive the

funeral was, the bearers never got any more money. Sometimes the

carpenter and Crass were able to charge an hour or two more on the

making and polishing of a coffin for a good job, but that was all.

Sometimes, when there was a very cheap job, they were paid only three

shillings for attending as bearers, but this was not often: as a rule

they got the same amount whether it was a cheap funeral or an

expensive one. Slyme earned only five shillings out of each funeral,

and Owen only one and six - for writing the coffin plate.

 

Sometimes there were three or four funerals in a week, and then Crass

did very well indeed. He still had the two young men lodgers at his

house, and although one of them was out of work he was still able to

pay his way because he had some money in the bank.

 

One of the funeral jobs led to a terrible row between Crass and

Sawkins. The corpse was that of a well-to-do woman who had been ill

for a long time with cancer of the stomach, and after the funeral

Rushton & Co. had to clean and repaint and paper the room she had

occupied during her illness. Although cancer is not supposed to be an

infectious disease, they had orders to take all the bedding away and

have it burnt. Sawkins was instructed to take a truck to the house

and get the bedding and take it to the town Refuse Destructor to be

destroyed. There were two feather beds, a bolster and two pillows:

they were

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