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It is argued that an Excise officer cannot by his eye tell a difference of five or six percent; that, for example, twenty-six gallons might be supplied on a twenty-five gallon certificate without anyone being much the wiser. Variants of this method are to use slightly larger kegs, or, more subtly, to use the normal sized kegs of which the wood at the ends has been thinned down, and which therefore when filled to the same level hold more, while showing the same measure with a dipping rod. But all these methods are risky. On the suspicion the contents of the kegs are measured and the fraud becomes revealed.โ€

Willis, much interested, bent forward eagerly as the other, after a pause to relight his pipe, continued:

โ€œAnother common method is to send out liquor secretly, without a permit at all. This may be done at night, or the stuff may go through an underground pipe, or be hidden in innocent looking articles such as suitcases or petrol tins. The pipe is the best scheme from the operatorโ€™s point of view, and one may remain undiscovered for months, but the difficulty usually is to lay it in the first instance.

โ€œA third method can be used only in the case of rectifiers and it illustrates one of the differences between rectifiers and distillers. Every permit for the removal of liquor from a distillery must be issued by the excise surveyor of the district, whereas rectifiers can issue their own certificates. Therefore in the case of rectifiers there is the possibility of the issuing of forged or fraudulent certificates. Of course this is not so easy as it sounds. The certificates are supplied in books of two hundred by the Excise authorities, and the blocks must be kept available for the supervisorโ€™s scrutiny. Any certificates can be obtained from the receivers of the spirit and compared with the blocks. Forged permits are very risky things to work with, as all genuine ones bear the government watermark, which is not easy to reproduce. In fact, I may say about this whole question of liquor distribution generally, that fraud has been made so difficult that the only hope of those committing it is to avoid arousing suspicion. Once suspicion is aroused, discovery follows almost as a matter of course.โ€

โ€œThatโ€™s hopeful for us,โ€ Willis smiled.

โ€œYes,โ€ the other answered, โ€œthough I fancy this case will be more difficult than most. There is another point to be taken into consideration which I have not mentioned, and that is, how the perpetrators of the frauds are going to get their money. In the last resort it can only come in from the public over the counters of the licensed premises which sell the smuggled spirits. But just as the smuggled liquor cannot be put through the books of the house selling it, so the money received for it cannot be entered either. This means that someone in authority in each licensed house must be involved. It also carries with it a suggestion, though only a suggestion, that the houses in question are tied houses. The director of a distillery company would have more hold on the manager of their own tied houses than over an outsider.โ€

Again Willis nodded without replying, and Hunt went on:

โ€œNow it happens that these Ackroyd & Holt people own some very large licensed houses in Hull, and it is to them, I imagine, that we should first direct our attention.โ€

โ€œHow do you propose to begin?โ€

โ€œI think we must first find out how the Ferriby liquor is sent to these houses. By the way, you probably know that already. You watched the distillery during working hours, didnโ€™t you?โ€

The inspector admitted it.

โ€œDid you see any lorries?โ€

โ€œAny number; large blue machines. I noticed them going and coming in the Hull direction loaded up with barrels.โ€

Hunt seemed pleased.

โ€œGood,โ€ he commented. โ€œThatโ€™s a beginning anyway. Our next step must be to make sure that all these lorries carry certificates. We had better begin tomorrow.โ€

Willis did not quite see how the business was to be done, but he forbore to ask questions, agreeing to fall in with his companionโ€™s arrangements.

These arrangements involved the departure from their hotel by taxi at six oโ€™clock the next morning. It was not fully light as they whirled out along the Ferriby road, but the sky was clear and all the indications pointed to a fine day.

They dismounted at the end of the lane leading to the works, and struck off across the fields, finally taking up their position behind the same thick hedge from which Willis had previously kept watch.

They spent the whole of that day, as well as of the next two, in their hiding-place, and at the end of that time they had a complete list of all lorries that entered or left the establishment during that period. No vehicles other than blue lorries appeared, and Hunt expressed himself as satisfied that if the smuggled brandy was not carried by them it must go either by rail or at night.

โ€œWe can go into those other contingencies later if necessary,โ€ he said, โ€œbut on the face of it I am inclined to back the lorries. They supply the tied houses in Hull, which would seem the obvious places for the brandy to go, and, besides, railway transit is too well looked after to attract the gang. I think weโ€™ll follow this lorry business through first on spec.โ€

โ€œI suppose youโ€™ll compare the certificate blocks with the list I made?โ€ Willis asked.

โ€œOf course. That will show if all carry certificates. But I donโ€™t want to do that yet. Before alarming them I want to examine the contents of a few of the lorries. I think we might do that tomorrow.โ€

The next morning, therefore, the two detectives again engaged a taxi and ran out along the Ferriby road until they met a large blue lorry loaded with barrels and bearing on its side the legend โ€œAckroyd & Holt Ltd., Licensed Rectifiers.โ€ When it had lumbered past on its way to the

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