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The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction, by Winfield S. Hall

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Title: The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction

Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male

Author: Winfield S. Hall

Release Date: February 27, 2008 [eBook #24708]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BIOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION***

 

E-text prepared by Juliet Sutherland, Jeannie Howse,
and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
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Transcriber's Note:


Inconsistent hyphenation in the original document has been preserved.

Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. For a complete list, please see the end of this document.

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Letters from Prominent Educators.


"I consider the treatment of the subject the most sane and practical that I know of, and therefore feel that I can conscientiously recommend the book most heartily. There is no subject so much hampered by ignorance, misconception and prejudice as that with which the book deals. I am sure the treatment of the matter will result in a more wholesome and healthful conception of the entire subject."β€”Dr. Henry F. Kallenberg, The Institute and Training School of Young Men's Christian Associations.

"Chapter four naturally brings everything to a practical focus and seems to me admirable. Chapter five, too, impressed me as very useful. The topical questions and their answers in the appendix was a very happy thought and adds materially to the value of the book."β€”Dr. G. Stanley Hall, President Clark University.

"I have gone through the book carefully and I am greatly pleased with it. I think it is admirably adapted to the needs and temperament of college men, and possibly all men. The topics discussed are of prime importance and interest for young men, the method of presentation is in all respects commendable, and the style is practical and concrete. The book ought to find its way into the hands of a great many young men. It should be in the hands of fathers and even mothers who have sons in the adolescent period."β€”Prof. M.V. O'Shea, University of Wisconsin.

"I have no hesitancy in saying that it is by far the best presentation of this very important subject that I have ever seen. It answers many important questions for which I have seen no answer elsewhere."β€”Prof. William R. Manning, Purdue University.

"I have heard the lecture and read the book and do not hesitate to recommend it. It is all that a young man needs to read to inform him of his duties and his perils in this matter. The ethical ideals are high and the advice sensible and wise."β€”Dr. Charles R. Henderson, Department of Sociology, University of Chicago.

"Some day Sexual Hygiene will have a place in the curriculum of every college. It is a subject that every college man does consider in one way or another, but often ignorantly, or under unwise guidance. Dr. Hall's book is so simple and sane as well as scientific, that I wish it might be in the hands of every college man in the country."β€”Dr. George A. Coe, Northwestern University.

"I consider it admirable in both conception and execution. So far as I know, it is unique in its presentation of these matters, especially on the hygienic side and shall be pleased to recommend it at every opportunity."β€”Dr. William T. Belfield, Bush Medical College, University of Chicago.

"The book seems to me calculated to be very useful, and should be in the hands of a large number of college undergraduates."β€”Dr. Isaac Sharpless, President Haverford College.

"I have read the book and had other priests read it and all concur in my opinion that it is destined to become a powerful auxiliary to our young men in their struggle for a purer life. The language is not vague, but to the point, and every young man will understand it."β€”Rev. A.M. Kirsch, University of Notre Dame.

"I have the strongest praise for the book as a wholeβ€”the biological foundation, directness, freedom from cant and prudery and the practical way in which the author gets to the level of his readers."β€”Dr. C. Judson Herrick, Denison University, Ohio.

"I have read Dr. Hall's book with the keenest curiosity and interest. Why could not such a book have been in the hands of the youth of the past generations? We should have been all the better for it. The work seems to me to be simply and plainly stated. With such apparent thoroughness and good sense, good taste, I am sure the book will commend itself to every thoughtful reader."--Dr. Chas. M. Stuart, Garrett Biblical Institute, Evanston, Illinois.



Winfield S. Hall



β€”THEβ€” BIOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION ALSO SEXUAL HYGIENE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MALE. BY WINFIELD S. HALL, Ph.D. (Leipzig), M.D., (Leipzig), Professor of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical
School, Chicago; Member of the American Physiological
Society; Chairman of the Section of Pathology and Physiology,
American Medical Association 1904-5; Fellow of
the American Academy of Medicine, President
1905-6; Fellow of American Association for the
Advancement of Science, Etc., Etc. TWELFTH EDITION
1911


Wynnewood Publishing Co.
2421 DEARBORN ST.,
CHICAGO.






COPYRIGHT
1907
BY
WINFIELD S. HALL









To the YOUNG MAN, who is devoting years of his life to secure the HIGHEST DEGREE OF DEVELOPMENT of those powers of BODY and MIND that are to be HIS INSTRUMENTS in solving LIFE'S PROBLEMS, this little volume is DEDICATED in the spirit of FRATERNITY.

THE AUTHOR.






PREFACE TO SIXTH EDITION.


The cordial reception given to this little book by the medical profession, by educators, and especially by the young men of the country, have by their demands for the book necessitated the appearance of new editions in such rapid succession that no far-reaching changes in the text have been possible even if they had been needed. Happily, no extensive changes have been required.

In the second edition several corrections, typographical and verbal, were made and additions made to the appendix. To the third edition the chapter on Development was added. The fourth and fifth editions received verbal changes here and added paragraphs there.

The sixth edition differs from the fifth in the addition of the author's portrait as a frontispiece, the addition of an answered question to the appendix and the listing of certain lecture topics, with press notices and letters.

The book seems to be meeting a demand for accurate information briefly and clearly stated.

THE AUTHOR.

Chicago, November 1, 1908.






FOREWORD.


Several years ago the author was asked by his students to present to them some of the facts of Sexual Physiology and Hygiene. The plea of "not a specialist in that line" was not accepted; so after a few weeks devoted to a careful study of the literature the subject was presented. It seemed to be acceptable, and other invitations followed in successive years not only from the author's own institution but from many others.

In the last few years the subject has been presented at all of the leading institutions of learning in the middle westβ€”at some of them several times and always to large audiences.

In response to repeated requests for "a book" the author has finally prepared this brief volume in which he has endeavored to present a difficult subject in the true university spirit, frankly calling things by their right names, always keeping in close accord with the latest researches.

It is hoped that the chapter on Hygiene will in itself be a justification for the book.

WINFIELD S. HALL,
Chicago.

December, 1906.






CONTENTS.


Chapter I. REPRODUCTION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF BIOLOGY. 1. General Activities of Living Organisms 11 A. The Egoistic Activities 12 B. The Phyletic Activities 13 a. Reproduction 13 b. Support and Protection of Offspring 13 c. Support and Protection of Weaker Members of Society 15 2. Some General Principles of Biology 15 A. Sacrifice and Compensation in Egoistic Activities 15 B. Sacrifice and Compensation in the Phyletic Activities 16 a. Lower Organisms 16 b. Higher Organisms 19 C. Summary of Principles 24 a. The propagation of offspring and the protection and support of the young and defenseless, always involve sacrifice on the part of the parents and the stronger members of the race 24 b. Sacrifice made consciously for the race is, in the natural order of things, compensated 24 Chapter II. ADOLESCENCE IN THE MALE. 1. Physical Changes 28 A. General Changes in the Body 28 a. Pilosity 28 b. The Voice 29 c. Bone, Muscle and Gland 30 B. The Genital System 32 a. Structural Changes 32 b. Functional Changes 32 2. Psychical Changes 33 A. Play and Work 33 a. Sports 33 b. Productive Employment 34 B. Society 35 C. Religion 36 Chapter III. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL ORGANS. 1. Anatomy 39 a. The Penis 39 b. The Testes 41 c. The Spermatozoon 44 d. The Epididymis 44 e. The Seminal Vesicles 45 f. The Prostate Gland 45 2. Physiology 46 a. Urethra 46 b. Cowper's Glands 46 c. The Prostate Gland 48 d. The Seminal Vesicles 48 e. Testes 55 3. Virility 60 Chapter IV. SEXUAL HYGIENE OF THE ADOLESCENT MALE. 1. Illicit Intercourse with Women 74 a. Chancroid or Soft Chancre 78 b. Gonorrhea 79 c. Syphilis 80 2. Masturbation 84 3. Continence 90 Chapter V. HYGIENE. 1. Diet 95 a. Choice of Food 95 b. Stimulants and Narcotics 97 c. The Dietetic Control of the Bowels 104 d. The Dietetic Control of Sleep 110 e. The Dietetic Control of the Kidneys and Skin 111 f. The Dietetic Method of Curing a Cold 111 2. Baths 112 a. The Bath for Cleanliness 112 b. The Tonic Bath 114 3. Exercise 115 4. The Hygienic Requirements of Sleep 118 5. The Control of the Thoughts 120 Chapter VI. DEVELOPMENT. 1. The Child 125 2. Maternity 128 3. Paternity 130 APPENDIX. Answers to questions 135-149









CHAPTER I. REPRODUCTION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF BIOLOGY.






REPRODUCTION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF BIOLOGY.


I. GENERAL ACTIVITIES OF LIVING ORGANISMS.ToC


The casual observer, even if he watches thoughtfully the various activities of plants and animals, would hardly believe these activities capable of classification into two general classes. He notes the germination of the plant seed and its early growth, step by step approaching a stage of maturity; it blossoms, produces seed, and if it is an annual plant, withers and dies. If it is a perennial plant its leaves only, wither and die at

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