A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) by Calvin Cutter (read more books .txt) 📕

Dens. [L.] A tooth.

Dent´al. [L. dens, tooth.] Pertaining to the teeth.

De-press´or. [L.] The name of a muscle that draws down the part to which it is attached.

Derm´oid. [Gr. δερμα, derma, the skin, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] Resembling skin.

De-scend´ens. [L. de and scando, to climb.] Descending, falling.

Di´a-phragm. [Gr. διαφραμα, diaphragma, a partition.] The midriff; a muscle separating the chest from the abdomen.

Di-ar-rhœ´a. [Gr. διαρρεω, diarrheo, to flow through.] A morbidly frequent evacuation of the intestines.

Di-as´to-le. [Gr. διαστελλω, diastello, to put asunder.] The dilatation of the heart and arteries when the blood enters them.

Di-ges´tion. [L. digestio.] The process of dissolving food in the stomach, and preparing it for circulation and nourishment.

Dig-i-to´rum. [L. digitus, a finger.] A term applied to certain muscles of the extremities.

Dor´sal. [L. dorsum, the back.] Pertaining to the back.

Du-o-de´num. [L. duodenus, of twelve fingers’ breadth.] The first portion of the small intestine.

Du´ra Ma´ter. [L. durus, hard, and mater, mother.] The outermost membrane of the brain.

Dys´en-ter-y. [Gr. δυς, dūs, bad, and εντερια, enteria, intestines.] A discharge of blood and mucus from the intestines attended with tenesmus.

Dys-pep´si-a. [Gr. δυς, dūs, bad, and πεπτω, pepto, to digest.] Indigestion, or difficulty of digestion.

En-am´el. [Fr.] The smooth, hard substance which covers the crown or visible part of a tooth.

Ep-i-derm´is. [Gr. επι, epi, upon, and δερμα, derma, the skin.] The scarf-skin; the cuticle.

Ep-i-glot´tis. [Gr. επι, epi, upon, and γλωττα, glōtta, the tongue.] One of the cartilages of the glottis.

Eu-sta´chi-an Tube. A channel from the fauces to the middle ear, named from Eustachius, who first described it.

Ex´cre-ment. [L. excerno, to separate.] Matter excreted and ejected; alvine discharges.

Ex-cre-men-ti´tial. Pertaining to excrement.

Ex´cre-to-ry. A little duct or vessel, destined to receive secreted fluids, and to excrete or discharge them; also, a secretory vessel.

Ex-ha´lant. [L. exhalo, to send forth vapor.] Having the quality of exhaling or evaporating.

Ex-tens´or. [L.] A name applied to a muscle that serves to extend any part of the body; opposed to Flexor.

Fa´cial. [L. facies, face.] Pertaining to the face.

Falx. [L. falx, a scythe.] A process of the dura mater shaped like a scythe.

Fas´ci-a. [L. fascia, a band.] A tendinous expansion or aponeurosis.

Fas-cic´u-lus, -li. [L. fascis, a bundle.] A little bundle.

Faux, -ces. [L.] The top of the throat.

Fem´o-ral. Pertaining to the femur.

Fem´o-ris. A term applied to muscles that are attached to the femur.

Fe´mur. [L.] The thigh-bone.

Fe-nes´tra, -um. [L. fenestra, a window.] A term applied to some openings into the internal ear.

Fi´bre. [L. fibra.] An organic filament, or thread, which enters into the composition of every animal and vegetable texture.

Fi´brin. A peculiar organic substance found in animals and vegetables; it is a solid substance, tough, elastic, and composed of thready fibres.

Fi´brous. Composed or consisting of fibres.

Fi´bro-Car´ti-lage. An organic tissue, partaking of the nature of fibrous tissue and that of cartilage.

Fib´u-la. [L., a clasp.] The outer and lesser bone of the leg.

Fib´u-lar. Belonging to the fibula.

Fil´a-ment. [L. filamenta, threads.] A fine thread, of which flesh, nerves, skin, &c., are composed.

Flec´tion. [L. flectio.] The act of bending.

Fol´li-cle. [L. folliculus, a small bag.] A gland; a little bag in animal bodies.

Fore´arm. The part of the upper extremity between the elbow and hand.

Fos´sa. [L., a ditch.] A cavity in a bone, with a large aperture.

Fræ´num. [L., a bridle.] Frænum linguæ. The bridle of the tongue.

Func´tion. [L. fungor, to perform.] The action of an organ or system of organs.

Fun´gi-form. [L. fungus and forma.] Having terminations like the head of a fungus, or a mushroom.

Gan´gli-on, -a. [Gr.] An enlargement in the course of a nerve.

Gas´tric. [Gr. γαστηρ, gastēr, the stomach.] Belonging to the stomach.

Gas-troc-ne´mi-us. [Gr. γαστηρ, gastēr, the stomach, and κνημη, knēmē, the leg.] The name of large muscles of the leg.

Gel´a-tin. [L. gelo, to congeal.] A concrete animal substance, transparent and soluble in water.

Gle´noid. [Gr. γληνη, glēnē, a cavity.] A term applied to some articulate cavities of bones.

Glos´sa. [Gr.] The tongue. Names compounded with this word are applied to muscles of the tongue.

Glos´so-Pha-ryn´gi-al. Relating to the tongue and pharynx.

Glot´tis. [Gr.] The narrow opening at the upper part of the larynx.

Glu´te-us. [Gr.] A name given to muscles of the hip.

Hem´or-rhage. [Gr. ἁιμα, haima, blood and ρηγνυω, rēgnuo, to burst.] A discharge of blood from an artery or vein.

Hu´mer-us. [L.] The bone of the arm.

Hy´a-loid. [Gr.] A transparent membrane of the eye.

Hy´dro-gen. [Gr. ὑδωρ, water, and γενναω, to generate.] A gas which constitutes one of the elements of water.

Hy´gi-ene. [Gr. ὑγιεινον, hugieînon, health.] The part of medicine which treats of the preservation of health.

Hy´oid. [Gr. υ and ειδος, eîdos, shape.] A bone of the tongue resembling the Greek letter upsilon in shape.

Hy-oid´e-us. Pertaining to the hyoid bone.

Hy´po-glos´sal. Under the tongue. The name of a nerve of the tongue.

Il´e-um. [Gr. ειλω, eilō, to wind.] A portion of the small intestines.

Il´i-ac. [From the above.] The flank; pertaining to the small intestine.

Il´i-um. The haunch-bone.

In-ci´sor. [L. incido, to cut.] A front tooth that cuts or divides.

In´dex. [L. indico, to show.] The fore-finger; the pointing finger.

In-nom-i-na´ta. [L. in, not, and nomen, name.] Parts which have no proper name.

In-os´cu-late. [L. in and osculatus, from osculor, to kiss.] To unite, as two vessels at their extremities.

In´ter. [L.] Between.

In-ter-cost´al. [L. inter, between, and costa, a rib.] Between the ribs.

In-ter-no´di-i. [L. inter, between, and nodus, knot.] A term applied to some muscles of the forearm.

In-ter-sti´tial. [L. inter, between, and sto, to stand.] Pertaining to or containing interstices.

In-tes´tines. [L. intus, within.] The canal that extends from the stomach to the anus.

I´ris. [L., the rainbow.] The colored circle that surrounds the pupil of the eye.

I´vo-ry. A hard, solid, fine-grained substance of a fine white color; the tusk of an elephant.

Je-ju´num. [L., empty.] A portion of the small intestine.

Ju´gu-lar. [L. jugulum, the neck.] Relating to the throat. The great veins of the neck.

La´bi-um, La´bi-i. [L.] The lips.

Lab´y-rinth. [Gr.] The internal ear, so named from its many windings.

Lach´ry-mal. [L. lachryma, a tear.] Pertaining to tears.

Lac´te-al. [L., lac, milk.] A small vessel or tube of animal bodies for conveying chyle from the intestine to the thoracic duct.

Lam´i-na, -æ. [L.] A plate, or thin coat lying over another.

Lar´ynx. [Gr. λαρυγξ, larunx.] The upper part of the windpipe.

Lar-yn-gi´tis. Inflammation of the larynx.

La-tis´si-mus, -mi. [L., superlative of latus, broad.] A term applied to some muscles.

Le-va´tor. [L. levo, to raise.] A name applied to a muscle that raises some part.

Lig´a-ment. [L. ligo, to bind.] A strong, compact substance serving to bind one bone to another.

Lin´e-a, -æ. [L.] A line.

Lin´gua, -æ. [L.] A tongue.

Liv´er. The name of one of the abdominal organs, the largest gland in the system. It is situated below the diaphragm, and secretes the bile.

Lobe. A round projecting part of an organ.

Lon´gus, Lon´gi-or. [L., long, longer.] A term applied to several muscles.

Lum´bar. [L. lumbus, the loins.] Pertaining to the loins.

Lymph. [L. lympha, water.] A colorless fluid in animal bodies, and contained in vessels called lymphatics.

Lym-phat´ic. A vessel of animal bodies that contains or conveys lymph.

Mag-ne´si-um. The metallic base of magnesia.

Mag´nus, -na, -num. [L., great.] A term applied to certain muscles.

Ma´jor. [L., greater.] Greater in extent or quantity.

Man´ga-nese. A metal of a whitish gray color.

Mar´row. [Sax.] A soft, oleaginous substance, contained in the cavities of bones.

Mas-se´ter. [Gr. μασσαομαι, massaomai, to chew.] The name of a muscle of the face.

Mas´ti-cate, Mas-ti-ca´tion. [L. mastico.] To chew; the act of chewing.

Mas´toid. [Gr. μαστος, mastos, breast, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] the name of a process of the temporal bone behind the ear.

Mas-toid´e-us. A name applied to muscles that are attached to the mastoid process.

Max-il´la. [L.] The jaw-bone.

Max´il-la-ry. Pertaining to the jaw.

Max´i-mus, -um. [L., superlative of magnus, great.] A term applied to several muscles.

Me-a´tus. [L. meo, to go.] A passage or channel.

Me-di-as-ti´num. A membrane that separates the chest into two parts.

Me´di-um, -a. [L.] The space or substance through which a body passes to any point.

Med´ul-la-ry. [L., medulla, marrow.] Pertaining to marrow.

Me-dul´la Ob-lon-ga´ta. Commencement of the spinal cord.

Me-dul´la Spi-na´lis. The spinal cord.

Mem´bra-na. A membrane; a thin, white, flexible skin formed by fibres interwoven like net-work.

Mem´bra-nous. Relating to membrane.

Mes´en-ter-y. [Gr. μεσος, mesos, the middle, and εντερον, enteron, the intestine.] The membrane in the middle of the intestines, by which they are attached to the spine.

Mes-en-ter´ic. Pertaining to the mesentery.

Met-a-car´pal. Relating to the metacarpus.

Met-a-car´pus. [Gr. μετα, meta, after, and καρπος, karpos, wrist.] The part of the hand between the wrist and fingers.

Met-a-tar´sal. Relating to the metatarsus.

Met-a-tar´sus. [Gr. μετα, meta, after, and ταρσος, tarsos, the tarsus.] The instep. A term applied to seven bones of the foot.

Mid´riff. [Sax. mid, and hrife, the belly.] See Diaphragm.

Min´i-mus, -i. [L.] The smallest. A term applied to several muscles.

Mi´nor. [L.] Less, smaller. A term applied to several muscles.

Mi´tral. [L. mitra, a mitre.] The name of the valves in the left side of the heart.

Mo-di´o-lus. [L. modus, a measure.] A cone in the cochlea around which the membranes wind.

Mo´lar. [L. mola, a mill.] The name of some of the large teeth.

Mol´lis. [L.] Soft.

Mo´tor, -es. [L. moveo, to move.] A mover. A term applied to certain nerves.

Mu´cous. Pertaining to mucus.

Mu´cus. A viscid fluid secreted by the mucous membrane, which it serves to moisten and defend.

Mus´cle. A bundle of fibres enclosed in a sheath.

Mus´cu-lar. Relating to a muscle.

My-o´des. A term applied to certain muscles of the neck.

Na´sal. Relating to the nose.

Na´sus. [L., the nose.] The nostrils.

Nerve. An organ of sensation and motion in animals.

Nerv´ous. Relating to the nerves.

Neu-ri-lem´a. [Gr. νευρον, neuron, a nerve, and λεμμα, lema, a sheath.] The sheath or covering of a nerve.

Ni´grum. [L.] Black.

Ni´tro-gen. That element of the air which is called azote.

Nu-tri´tion. The art or process of promoting the growth, or repairing the waste of the system.

Oc-cip-i-ta´lis. Pertaining to the back part of the head.

Oc´ci-put. [L. ob and caput, the head.] The hinder part of the head.

Oc-u-lo´rum. Of the eyes.

Oc´ulus, -i. [L.] The eye.

Œ-soph´a-gus. [Gr. οιω, oiō, to carry, and φαγω, phago, to eat.] The name of the passage through which the food passes from the mouth to the stomach.

O-lec´ra-non. [Gr. ωλενε, ōlene, the cubit, and κρανον, kranon, the head.] The elbow; the head of the ulna.

Ol-fact´o-ry. [L. oleo, to smell, and facio, to make.] Pertaining to smelling.

O-men´tum. [L.] The caul.

O´mo. [Gr. ωμος, ōmos, the shoulder.] Names compounded of this word are applied to muscles attached to the shoulder.

Oph-thal´mic. [Gr. οφθαλμος, ophthalmos, the eye.] Belonging to the eye.

Op-po´nens. That which acts in opposition to something. The name of two muscles of the hand.

Op´ti-cus, Op´tic. [Gr. οπτομαι, optomai, to see.] Relating to the eye.

Or-bic´u-lar. [L. orbis, a circle.] Circular.

Or-bic-u-la´ris.