All About Coffee by William H. Ukers (best new books to read .TXT) 📕

character.   Carupano A low grade valued at about the same as a Brazil coffee of similar grade. British Guiana Georgetown Demerara, m n In general: Not a commercial factor. French Guiana
(Cayenne) Cayenne Cayenne, m n In general: Similar to Martinique. The production is limited and commercially unimportant. Brazil   Brazils, m n In general: The coffees of Brazil, which are generally known in the trade as "Brazils" (to distinguish them from "Milds," the higher grades), are the "price" coffees of the world. Brazil produces about 70% of the world's supply. Santos São Paulo, d The largest coffee district, producing between 50% and 60% of the world's supply.   Classes:
    Bourbon Santos, m n Small bean, resembling Mocha, but making a handsomer roast with fewer quakers. In color it varies from dark to light green, and from yellow to a pale straw, often with a red center. True Bourbons are first crop beans. In the cup they are smooth and palatable without tang.   Flat Bean Santos, m n Smooth surface, small to large, pale green and greenish-yellow to pale yellow. It is a sixth year crop of Bourbon Santos. Good full smooth body. Used straight and in combination with all milds.   Mocha-Seed Santos, m n A grade of Bourbon designed as a substitute for true Mocha on the European markets.   Campinas, d & t The oldest coffee district in São Paulo. There are 136 others.   Gradings for All São Paulo:   1—Fine
2—Superior
3—Good 4—Regular
5—Ordinary
6—Escalba Rio de Janeriro Minãs Geraes Rio, m n Various shades of green, medium to large. Peculiar pungent flavor and aroma.   Gradings for All Rios:
(N.Y. Coffee Exchange)   1—No imperfections
2—6 imperfections
3—13 imperfections
4—20 imperfections
5—60 imperfections 6—110 imperfections
7—About 200 imperfections
8—About 400 imperfections   (On Havre Exchange)   Washed—Inferior and ordinary
Unwashed—Superior, 1st good, 1st regular, 1st ordinary, 2nd good, 2nd ordinary. Victoria Espirito Santo d
    Victoria, t
    Capitania, m n Large, dingy-green or brown bean making a roast free from quakers but but muddy in the cup. Bahia Bahia, d, t, & m n Low grade, having a peculiar smoky flavor.   Chapada, t & m n Light-colored, fair-sized bean; attractive roast, but no cup character.   Caravellas, t & m n Similar to Chapada.   Nazareth, t & m n Small bean, fair roast, undesirable cup.   Maragogipe, t & m n A variety of Coffea arabica; large bean, elephantine roast, woody in the cup. Ceará Ceará, t
Cuaruaru, m n Small, flinty, green bean; value like Santos of the same grade. Ecuador Guayaquil Ecuador In general: The Ecuador coffee bean is small, pea-green in color, and not high grade. It resembles Ceará, and when old makes a bright roast. It is poor in cup quality and useful only as a filler. Not an important commercial factor. Peru Callao
Mollendo Peru
    Choquisongo, d
    Cajamarca, d
    Perene, d
    Paucartambo, d
    Chauchamayo, d
    Huanuaco, d
    Pacasmayo, d In general: The green coffee bean of Peru ranges from medium to bold in size, and from bluish to yellow in color. The highland variety has been compared with the high-grade Mexicans, but the lowland growths are not favorably regarded. Unimportant commercially. Bolivia   Bolivia
    La Paz, d
      Apolobamba, t
      Yungas, m n
    Cochabamba, d
    Santa Cruz, d
      Sara
      Velasco
      Chiquitos
      Cordillera
    El Beni, d
    Chuquisca, d In general: Bolivia's coffee, though of superior quality and sometimes compared favorably with Arabian growths, is an unimportant factor in international coffee trading. Argentina   Argentina
    Salta, d
    Jujuy, d In general: Argentina's coffee is grown chiefly for home consumption. Unimportant commercially. Paraguay   Paraguay
    Altos, d
    Asuncion, d In general: Paraguay's coffee is all marketed in Asuncion, where it is sold as Brazilian coffee. It is commercially important. Asia Arabia Aden
Hodeida
Maidi
Leheya Mocha In general: Arabian, or Mocha, beans are very small, hard, round irregular in form and size; in color, olive green shading off to pale yellow. The roast is poor and irregular. In the cup they have a unique acid character, heavy body; in flavor, smooth and delicious.   Yemen
    Marttari, d
    (Mohtari) From the Beni-Mattar country; the best; a yellow-green translucent bean.   Yaffey, d From the Yaffey country near Taiz; second best.   Sharki, d
(Shergi) A long light yellow bean, from the east, "Esh Shark" a superior Mocha with a rich full body.   Sanani, d From the Sanaa region; a green bean. A grade lower than Sharki.   Haimi-Harazi, d
(Hemi or Heimah) A quality green bean from a mountain near Mattari.   Anezi, d
(Anisi) From the El Anz country. Pale yellow and very hard.   Sharsh, d
Menakha, d
Hifash, d Superior qualities of the above due to different methods of curing.   Remi, d
(Reimah) A poorer grade, reddish bean, from Djebel Remi.   Bourai, d
(Bura) A poorer grade from Djebel Boura.   Shami, d A poorer grade from the north; Esh Sham.   Yemeni, d
(Taizi) A poorer grade from the south; El Yemen.   Maidi, d A poorer grade from the port of Maidi.   Abyssinia
    (Africa) Formerly known as Longberry Mocha, but still shipped through Aden via Jibuti. See Africa—Abyssinia.   Gradings for All Mochas:   Mocha Extra—For all extra qualities as Yaffey, Anezi, Matari, Sharki. Mocha No. 1—For Anezi, Matari, Sharki; only perfect berries. No. 1A, same as No. 1, but with some dust. Mocha No. 2—Some broken and quakers. Mocha No. 3—Broken, quakers and dust. Magrache—Triage or screenings. India Madras
Calicut
Mangalore
Tellicherry
Tuticorin
Bombay Indias, m n In general: The Indian coffee bean is small to large and blue-green in color. In the cup it has a distinctive strong flavor and deep color.   Mysore, d
    Mysore, t Mountain-grown, large, blue-green bean, heavy body.   Madras, d
    Malabar, m n
(Wynaad) Small bean, solid and meaty; handsome roast, peculiar rich flavor.   Nilgiri, d
    Nilgiris, m n Small to large bean with slight acidity in the cup; plantation Ceylon character.   Madura, d
(Palni Hills) No marked characteristics.   Salem, d
(Shevaroys) Same as Nilgiris.   Coimbatore, d Same as Nilgiris.   Tellicherry, d A good grade resembling Malabar; somewhat similar Nilgiris.   Coorg (or Kurg), d A large, flat, dark green bean, thin in the cup; a lowland variety.   Travancore, d Similar to Nilgiris.   Cochin, d
    Cochin, m n A native cherry.   Bombay, d
    Kanara Commercially unimportant.   Bengal, d
    Chittagong Commercially unimportant.   Assam Commercially unimportant.   South Sylhet Commercially unimportant. Burma Rangoon Burma
    Tavoy, d Large spongy bean; grassy cup. Not a commercial factor.     Classes for All Indias:     1—Native cherry (sun dried and then hulled)
2—Plantation (washed)
Sizes: Nos. 1, 2 and 3; Peaberry and Triage Ceylon Colombo Ceylon
    Gampola, d
    Dumbara, d
     Kotmale, d
    Pussellawa, d In general: Ceylon's coffees are no longer the commercial factor they were before the coffee blight practically destroyed the industry. Those left, however, still retain much of their original character, the hill-grown washed being unique in appearance and flavor. In the old days they were classed as native, or plain-grown, plantation, mountain, and Liberian. Malay States
    (British) Penang
    (Georgetown)
Singapore Straits Liberian, m n
Straits Robusta, m n In general: The coffee from the Malay States is mostly Liberian and Robusta and is not important commercially, although the Robusta variety promises to become an important factor.   Perak, d Most important of the Federated States coffees.   Selangor, d Native state coffee.   Negri-Sembilan, d Nine states. Federation district coffees.   Bali, d & m n From the island in Netherlands East Indies
    (See p. 374.)   Timor, d & m n From the island in Netherlands East Indies
    (See p. 374.) French Indo-China Haiphong Indo-China, m n
    Tonkin
    Annam
    Cambodia
    Cochin-China In general: The coffees of French Indo-China, while comparatively new, give promise; but as yet are not commercially important. The original arabica plantings have been succeeded by liberica and robusta growths. Malay Archipelago Sunda Islands   East Indies, m n In general: Included in this group are the best-known coffees from Sumatra, Java, Timor, Celebes, etc. Netherlands East Indies
Sumatra Padang
Kroe (West Coast)
Batavia (Java) Sumatra In general: Included among the coffees of Sumatra are several that are conceded to be the finest the world produces. The green beans are large, uniform, and vary in color from pale straw to deep mahogany. They have a smooth, heavy body, the fancies possessing an almost syrupy richness. They are graded as Private Estate (washed or dry hulled) and Blue Bean (washed).   Padang, d & t
    Mandheling, m n "The best coffee in the world"; also the highest priced. Formerly a Government coffee. Yellow to brown, large-sized bean; dully roast, but free from quakers. It is of heavy body, exquisite flavor and aroma.   Ankola, m n Formerly a Government coffee. Large fat bean, making a dull roast. Second only to Mandhelings; it has a heavy body and rich, musty flavor.   Siboga, m n A harder bean Ankola; sometimes called Private Estate Ankola.   Ayer Bangies, m n Formerly a Government coffee. Large even bean, with Mandheling and Ankola; of a delicate flavor but not much body.   Corinchie, m n Formerly a native cultivation. The bean is large, handsome, brown in color. It makes an attractive roast. Good body, plenty of bitter acid, delicious flavor.   Interior, m n Formerly all Government coffee. The true type of Old Government Java. Poor roast, good cup.   Painan Formerly a Government coffee. Mixed green and brown beans; poor roast. Heavy body, pungent flavor. Grades next to Inferior.   Liberian, m n Formerly all Government coffee. Coffea liberica.   Kroe, t & m n Formerly a native cultivated coffee. Large even bean, fine roast, heavy body, somewhat groundy flavor.   Lahat, t & m n Former native cultivation. Smaller than Kroe; good roaster, flat cup.   Palembang, t & m n Former Private Estates. Smaller than the Padang bean; light color, strong cup.   Indrapoera, t & m n Former Private Estates. An inferior grade of Sumatra.   Benkoelen, t & m n Formerly a native cultivation. Good roast and cup.   Libaya, m n Formerly a native cultivation.   Boekit Gompong, m n Formerly a Private Estate. A perfect coffee, of heavier body than Mandheling, good roast; very delicate flavor.   Kagoe Kaleh, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Batang Baros, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Telok Goenoeng, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Aker Gedang, m n Formerly a Private Estate. Small bean, good roast, fine flavor.   Soerian, m n Formerly a Private Estate. Large bean, fine roast, good cup. Ranks next to Boekit Gompong.   Liki, m n Formerly a Private Estate. Fine roast, light cup. It ranks next to Soerian.   Loebor Sampir, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Soengei, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Landei, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Ramboetan, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Gadoeng Batoe, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Merapi, m n Formerly a Private Estate. Large bean, good roast, good cup.   Si Barasap, m n Formerly a Private Estate.   Laboe Raya, m n Formerly a Private Estate. Large bean, good roast, good cup. Balawan-Deli
Panai East Coast
    Deli, d
    Bintangmariah, d
    Oelakmedan, d
    Panai, d
These coffees are comparatively new. They partake of the qualities common to the general run of Sumatras without distinguishing characteristics. Java Batavia Java, m n In general: Java coffees do not compare with Sumatras in quality. They are