The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith (the best motivational books .TXT) π
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The Wealth of Nations is economist Adam Smithβs magnum opus and the foundational text of what today we call classical economics. Its publication ushered in a new era of thinking and discussion about how economies function, a sea change away from the older, increasingly-irrelevant mercantilist and physiocratic views of economics towards a new practical application of economics for the birth of the industrial era. Its scope is vast, touching on concepts like free markets, supply and demand, division of labor, war, and public debt. Its fundamental message is that the wealth of a nation is measured not by the gold in the monarchβs treasury, but by its national income, which in turn is produced by labor, land, and capital.
Some ten years in the writing, The Wealth of Nations is the product of almost two decades of notes, study, and discussion. It was released to glowing praise, selling out its first print run in just six months and going through five subsequent editions and countless reprintings in Smithβs lifetime. It began inspiring legislators almost immediately and continued to do so well into the 1800s, and influenced thinkers ranging from Alexander Hamilton to Karl Marx.
Today, it is the second-most-cited book in the social sciences that was published before 1950, and its legacy as a foundational text places it in the stratosphere of civilization-changing books like Principia Mathematica and The Origin of Species.
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- Author: Adam Smith
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By Adam Smith.
Table of Contents Titlepage Imprint Editorβs Introduction Introduction and Plan of the Work The Wealth of Nations Book I I: Of the Division of Labour II: Of the Principle Which Gives Occasion to the Division of Labour III: That the Division of Labour Is Limited by the Extent of the Market IV: Of the Origin and Use of Money V: Of the Real and Nominal Price of Commodities, or of Their Price in Labour, and Their Price in Money VI: Of the Component Parts of the Price of Commodities VII: Of the Natural and Market Price of Commodities VIII: Of the Wages of Labour IX: Of the Profits of Stock X: Of Wages and Profit in the Different Employments of Labour and Stock I: Inequalities Arising from the Nature of the Employments Themselves II: Inequalities Occasioned by the Policy of Europe XI: Of the Rent of Land I: Of the Produce of Land Which Always Affords Rent II: Of the Produce of Land Which Sometimes Does, and Sometimes Does Not, Afford Rent III: Of the Variations in the Proportion Between the Respective Values of That Sort of Produce Which Always Affords Rent, and of That Which Sometimes Does and Sometimes Does Not Afford Rent Digression Concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver During the Course of the Four Last Centuries First Period Second Period Third Period Variations in the Proportion Between the Respective Values of Gold and Silver Grounds of the Suspicion That the Value of Silver Still Continues to Decrease Different Effects of the Progress of Improvement Upon Three Different Sorts of Rude Produce First Sort Second Sort Third Sort Conclusion of the Digression Concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver Effects of the Progress of Improvement Upon the Real Price of Manufactures Conclusion of the Chapter Book II Introduction I: Of the Division of Stock II: Of Money Considered as a Particular Branch of the General Stock of the Society, or of the Expense of Maintaining the National Capital III: Of the Accumulation of Capital, or of Productive and Unproductive Labour IV: Of Stock Lent at Interest V: Of the Different Employment of Capitals Book III I: Of the Natural Progress of Opulence II: Of the Discouragement of Agriculture in the Ancient State of Europe After the Fall of the Roman Empire III: Of the Rise and Progress of Cities and Towns, After the Fall of the Roman Empire IV: How the Commerce of the Towns Contributed to the Improvement of the Country Book IV Introduction I: Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System II: Of Restraints Upon the Importation from Foreign Countries of Such Goods as Can Be Produced at Home III: Of the Extraordinary Restraints Upon the Importation of Goods of Almost All Kinds, from Those Countries with Which the Balance Is Supposed to Be Disadvantageous I: Of the Unreasonableness of Those Restraints Even Upon the Principles of the Commercial System Digression Concerning Banks of Deposit, Particularly Concerning That of Amsterdam II: Of the Unreasonableness of Those Extraordinary Restraints Upon Other Principles IV: Of Drawbacks V: Of Bounties Digression Concerning the Corn Trade and Corn Laws VI: Of Treaties of Commerce VII: Of Colonies I: Of the Motives for Establishing New Colonies II: Causes of the Prosperity of New Colonies III: Of the Advantages Which Europe Has Derived from the Discovery of America, and from That of a Passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope VIII: Conclusion of the Mercantile System IX: Of the Agricultural Systems, or of Those Systems of Political Εconomy, Which Represent the Produce of Land as Either the Sole or the Principal Source of the Revenue and Wealth of Every Country Book V I: Of the Expenses of the Sovereign or Commonwealth I: Of the Expense of Defence II: Of the Expense of Justice III: Of the Expense of Public Works and Public Institutions Article I: Of the Public Works and Institutions for Facilitating the Commerce of the Society And, First, of Those Which Are Necessary for Facilitating Commerce in General Of the Public Works and Institutions Which Are Necessary for Facilitating Particular Branches of Commerce Article II: Of the Expense of the Institutions for the Education of Youth Article III: Of the Expense of the Institutions for the Instruction of People of All Ages IV: Of the Expense of Supporting the Dignity of the Sovereign Conclusion II: Of the Sources of the General or Public Revenue of the Society I: Of the Funds or Sources of Revenue Which May Peculiarly Belong to the Sovereign or Commonwealth II: Of Taxes Article I Taxes Upon Rent; Taxes Upon the Rent of Land Taxes Which Are Proportioned, Not to the Rent, but to the Produce of Land Taxes Upon the Rent of Houses Article II Taxes Upon Profit, or Upon the Revenue Arising from Stock Taxes Upon the Profit of Particular Employments Appendix to Articles I and II Article III: Taxes Upon the Wages of Labour Article IV: Taxes Which, It Is Intended, Should Fall Indifferently Upon Every Different Species of Revenue Capitation Taxes Taxes Upon Consumable Commodities III: Of Public Debts Appendix Endnotes Colophon Uncopyright ImprintThis ebook is the product of many hours of hard work by volunteers for Standard Ebooks, and builds on the hard work of other literature lovers made possible by the public domain.
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