The Country Wife was first performed in January 1672 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. It traces several plot lines, the principle of which follows notorious rake Harry Horner’s attempt to carry on affairs by spreading a rumor that he was now a eunuch and no longer a threat to any man’s wife. It was controversial for its sexual explicitness even in its own time, having several notorious scenes filled with extended sexual innuendo and women carousing, singing riotous songs, and behaving exactly like their male counterparts.
With the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 the eighteen year ban on theater imposed by the Puritans was lifted. Charles II’s time in France had nurtured a fascination with the stage and, with his enthusiastic support, Restoration drama was soon once again a thriving part of the London culture—but it provided a completely different experience from Jacobean theater.
Christopher Wren’s newly built Theatre Royal provided a modern stage that accommodated innovations in scenic design and created a new relationship between actors and the audience. Another novelty, imported from France, was the presence of women on stage for the first time in British history. Restoration audiences were fascinated and often aghast to see real women perform, matching their male counterparts both in their wit and use of double entendre.
William Wycherley had spent some of the Commonwealth years in France and become interested in French drama. Borrowing extensively from Molière and others, he wrote several plays for this new theater, with his last two comedies, The Country Wife and The Plain Dealer, being the most famous. At the time, The Country Wife was considered the bawdiest and wittiest play yet seen on the English stage. It enjoyed popularity throughout the period but, as mores shifted and became more strict, the play was eventually considered too outrageous to be performed at all and between 1753 and 1924 was generally replaced on the stage by David Garrick’s cleaned-up, bland version.
the less.
Mrs. Dainty
But then the pleasure should be the less.
Lady Fidget
Fy, fy, fy, for shame, sister! whither shall we ramble? Be continent in your discourse, or I shall hate you.
Mrs. Dainty
Besides, an intrigue is so much the more notorious for the man’s quality.
Mrs. Squeamish
’Tis true that nobody takes notice of a private man, and therefore with him ’tis more secret; and the crime’s the less when ’tis not known.
Lady Fidget
You say true; i’faith, I think you are in the right on’t: ’tis not an injury to a husband, till it be an injury to our honours; so that a woman of honour loses no honour with a private person; and to say truth—
Mrs. Dainty
So, the little fellow is grown a private person—with her—Apart to Mrs. Squeamish.
Lady Fidget
But still my dear, dear honour—
Enter Sir Jasper Fidget, Horner, and Dorilant.
Sir Jasper
Ay, my dear, dear of honour, thou hast still so much honour in thy mouth—
Horner
That she has none elsewhere. Aside.
Lady Fidget
Oh, what d’ye mean to bring in these upon us?
Mrs. Dainty
Foh! these are as bad as wits.
Mrs. Squeamish
Foh!
Lady Fidget
Let us leave the room.
Sir Jasper
Stay, stay; faith, to tell you the naked truth—
Lady Fidget
Fy, Sir Jasper! do not use that word naked.
Sir Jasper
Well, well, in short I have business at Whitehall, and cannot go to the play with you, therefore would have you go—
Lady Fidget
With those two to a play?
Sir Jasper
No, not with t’other, but with Mr. Horner; there can be no more scandal to go with him than with Mr. Tattle, or Master Limberham.
Lady Fidget
With that nasty fellow! no—no.
Sir Jasper
Nay, prithee, dear, hear me. Whispers to Lady Fidget.
Horner
Ladies—Horner and Dorilant draw near Mrs. Squeamish and Mrs. Dainty Fidget.
Mrs. Dainty
Stand off.
Mrs. Squeamish
Do not approach us.
Mrs. Dainty
You herd with the wits, you are obscenity all over.
Mrs. Squeamish
And I would as soon look upon a picture of Adam and Eve, without fig-leaves, as any of you, if I could help it; therefore keep off, and do not make us sick.
Dorilant
What a devil are these?
Horner
Why, these are pretenders to honour, as critics to wit, only by censuring others; and as every raw, peevish, out-of-humoured, affected, dull, tea-drinking, arithmetical fop, sets up for a wit by railing at men of sense, so these for honour, by railing at the court, and ladies of as great honour as quality.
Sir Jasper
Come, Mr. Horner, I must desire you to go with these ladies to the play, sir.
Horner
I, sir?
Sir Jasper
Ay, ay, come, sir.
Horner
I must beg your pardon, sir, and theirs; I will not be seen in women’s company in public again for the world.
Sir Jasper
Ha, ha, strange aversion!
Mrs. Squeamish
No, he’s for women’s company in private.
Sir Jasper
He—poor man—he—ha! ha! ha!
Mrs. Dainty
’Tis a greater shame amongst lewd fellows to be seen in virtuous women’s company, than for the women to be seen with them.
Horner
Indeed, madam, the time was I only hated virtuous women, but now I hate the other too; I beg your pardon, ladies.
Lady Fidget
You are very obliging, sir, because we would not be troubled with you.
Sir Jasper
In sober sadness, he shall go.
Dorilant
Nay, if he wo’ not, I am ready to wait upon the ladies, and I think I am the fitter man.
Sir Jasper
You sir! no, I thank you for that. Master Horner is a privileged man amongst the virtuous ladies, ’twill be a great while before you are so; he! he! he! he’s my wife’s gallant; he! he! he! No, pray withdraw, sir, for as I take it, the virtuous ladies have no business with you.
Dorilant
And I am sure he can have none with them. ’Tis strange a man can’t come amongst virtuous women now, but upon the same terms as men are admitted into the Great Turk’s seraglio. But heavens keep me from being an ombre player with ’em!—But where is Pinchwife?
Exit.
Sir Jasper
Come, come, man; what, avoid the sweet society of womankind? that sweet, soft, gentle, tame, noble creature, woman, made for man’s companion—
Horner
So is that soft, gentle, tame, and more noble creature a spaniel, and has all their tricks; can fawn, lie down, suffer beating, and fawn the more; barks at your friends when they come to see you, makes your bed hard, gives you fleas, and the mange sometimes. And all the difference is, the spaniel’s the more faithful animal, and fawns but upon one master.
Sir Jasper
He! he! he!
Mrs. Squeamish
O the rude beast!
Mrs. Dainty
Insolent brute!
Lady Fidget
Brute! stinking, mortified, rotten French wether, to dare—
Sir Jasper
Hold, an’t please your ladyship.—For shame, Master Horner! your mother was a woman—Aside. Now shall I never reconcile ’em.—Aside to Lady Fidget. Hark you, madam, take my advice in your anger. You know you often want one to make up your drolling pack of ombre players, and you may cheat him easily; for he’s an ill gamester, and consequently loves play. Besides, you know you have but two old civil gentlemen (with stinking breaths too) to wait upon you abroad; take in the third into your service. The other are but crazy; and a lady should have a supernumerary gentleman-usher as a supernumerary coach-horse, lest sometimes you should be forced to stay at home.
Lady Fidget
But are you sure he loves play, and has money?
Sir Jasper
He loves play as much as you, and has money as much as I.
Lady Fidget
Then I am contented to make him pay for his scurrility. Money makes up in a measure all other wants in men.—Those whom we cannot make hold for gallants, we make fine. Aside.
Sir Jasper
Aside. So, so; now to mollify, wheedle him.—Aside to Horner. Master Horner, will you never keep civil company? methinks ’tis time now, since you are only fit for them. Come, come, man, you must e’en fall to visiting our wives, eating at our tables, drinking tea with our virtuous relations
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