The Country Wife was first performed in January 1672 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. It traces several plot lines, the principle of which follows notorious rake Harry Hornerโs attempt to carry on affairs by spreading a rumor that he was now a eunuch and no longer a threat to any manโs wife. It was controversial for its sexual explicitness even in its own time, having several notorious scenes filled with extended sexual innuendo and women carousing, singing riotous songs, and behaving exactly like their male counterparts.
With the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 the eighteen year ban on theater imposed by the Puritans was lifted. Charles IIโs time in France had nurtured a fascination with the stage and, with his enthusiastic support, Restoration drama was soon once again a thriving part of the London cultureโbut it provided a completely different experience from Jacobean theater.
Christopher Wrenโs newly built Theatre Royal provided a modern stage that accommodated innovations in scenic design and created a new relationship between actors and the audience. Another novelty, imported from France, was the presence of women on stage for the first time in British history. Restoration audiences were fascinated and often aghast to see real women perform, matching their male counterparts both in their wit and use of double entendre.
William Wycherley had spent some of the Commonwealth years in France and become interested in French drama. Borrowing extensively from Moliรจre and others, he wrote several plays for this new theater, with his last two comedies, The Country Wife and The Plain Dealer, being the most famous. At the time, The Country Wife was considered the bawdiest and wittiest play yet seen on the English stage. It enjoyed popularity throughout the period but, as mores shifted and became more strict, the play was eventually considered too outrageous to be performed at all and between 1753 and 1924 was generally replaced on the stage by David Garrickโs cleaned-up, bland version.
for no fault, poor tender creature!
Pinchwife
What, you would have her as impudent as yourself, as arrant a jilflirt, a gadder, a magpie; and to say all, a mere notorious town-woman?
Alithea
Brother, you are my only censurer; and the honour of your family will sooner suffer in your wife there than in me, though I take the innocent liberty of the town.
Pinchwife
Hark you, mistress, do not talk so before my wife.โ โThe innocent liberty of the town!
Alithea
Why, pray, who boasts of any intrigue with me? what lampoon has made my name notorious? what ill women frequent my lodgings? I keep no company with any women of scandalous reputations.
Pinchwife
No, you keep the men of scandalous reputations company.
Alithea
Where? would you not have me civil? answer โem in a box at the plays, in the drawing-room at Whitehall, in St. Jamesโ-park, Mulberry-garden, orโ โ
Pinchwife
Hold, hold! Do not teach my wife where the men are to be found: I believe sheโs the worse for your town-documents already. I bid you keep her in ignorance, as I do.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Indeed, be not angry with her, bud, she will tell me nothing of the town, though I ask her a thousand times a day.
Pinchwife
Then you are very inquisitive to know, I find?
Mrs. Pinchwife
Not I indeed, dear; I hate London. Our place-house in the country is worth a thousand ofโt: would I were there again!
Pinchwife
So you shall, I warrant. But were you not talking of plays and players when I came in?โ โTo Alithea. You are her encourager in such discourses.
Mrs. Pinchwife
No, indeed, dear; she chid me just now for liking the playermen.
Pinchwife
Aside. Nay, if she be so innocent as to own to me her liking them, there is no hurt inโt.โ โAloud. Come, my poor rogue, but thou likest none better than me?
Mrs. Pinchwife
Yes, indeed, but I do. The playermen are finer folks.
Pinchwife
But you love none better than me?
Mrs. Pinchwife
You are my own dear bud, and I know you. I hate a stranger.
Pinchwife
Ay, my dear, you must love me only; and not be like the naughty town-women, who only hate their husbands, and love every man else; love plays, visits, fine coaches, fine clothes, fiddles, balls, treats, and so lead a wicked town-life.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Nay, if to enjoy all these things be a town-life, London is not so bad a place, dear.
Pinchwife
How! if you love me, you must hate London.
Alithea
The fool has forbid me discovering to her the pleasures of the town, and he is now setting her agog upon them himself. Aside.
Mrs. Pinchwife
But, husband, do the town-women love the playermen too?
Pinchwife
Yes, I warrant you.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Ay, I warrant you.
Pinchwife
Why, you do not, I hope?
Mrs. Pinchwife
No, no, bud. But why have we no playermen in the country?
Pinchwife
Ha!โ โMrs. Minx, ask me no more to go to a play.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Nay, why, love? I did not care for going: but when you forbid me, you make me, as โtwere, desire it.
Alithea
So โtwill be in other things, I warrant. Aside.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Pray let me go to a play, dear.
Pinchwife
Hold your peace, I woโ not.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Why, love?
Pinchwife
Why, Iโll tell you.
Alithea
Nay, if he tell her, sheโll give him more cause to forbid her that place. Aside.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Pray why, dear?
Pinchwife
First, you like the actors; and the gallants may like you.
Mrs. Pinchwife
What, a homely country girl! No, bud, nobody will like me.
Pinchwife
I tell you yes, they may.
Mrs. Pinchwife
No, no, you jestโ โI wonโt believe you: I will go.
Pinchwife
I tell you then, that one of the lewdest fellows in town, who saw you there, told me he was in love with you.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Indeed! who, who, pray who wasโt?
Pinchwife
Iโve gone too far, and slipped before I was aware; how overjoyed she is! Aside.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Was it any Hampshire gallant, any of our neighbours? I promise you, I am beholden to him.
Pinchwife
I promise you, you lie; for he would but ruin you, as he has done hundreds. He has no other love for women but that; such as he look upon women, like basilisks, but to destroy โem.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Ay, but if he loves me, why should he ruin me? answer me to that. Methinks he should not, I would do him no harm.
Alithea
Ha! ha! ha!
Pinchwife
โTis very well; but Iโll keep him from doing you any harm, or me either. But here comes company; get you in, get you in.
Mrs. Pinchwife
But, pray, husband, is he a pretty gentleman that loves me?
Pinchwife
In, baggage, in. Thrusts her in, and shuts the door.
Enter Sparkish and Harcourt.
What, all the lewd libertines of the town brought to my lodging by this easy coxcomb! โsdeath, Iโll not suffer it.
Sparkish
Here, Harcourt, do you approve my choice?โ โTo Alithea. Dear little rogue, I told you Iโd bring you acquainted with all my friends, the wits andโ โHarcourt salutes her.
Pinchwife
Ay, they shall know her, as well as you yourself will, I warrant you.
Sparkish
This is one of those, my pretty rogue, that are to dance at your wedding tomorrow; and him you must bid welcome ever, to what you and I have.
Pinchwife
Monstrous! Aside.
Sparkish
Harcourt, how dost thou like her, faith? Nay, dear, do not look down; I should hate to have a wife of mine out of countenance at anything.
Pinchwife
Wonderful! Aside.
Sparkish
Tell me, I say, Harcourt, how dost thou like her? Thou hast stared upon her enough, to resolve me.
Harcourt
So infinitely well, that I could wish I had a mistress too, that might differ from her in nothing but her love and engagement to you.
Alithea
Sir, Master Sparkish has often told me that his acquaintance were all wits and raillieurs, and now I find it.
Sparkish
No, by the universe, madam, he does not rally now; you may believe him. I do assure you, he is the honestest, worthiest, truehearted gentlemenโ โa man of such perfect honour, he would say nothing to a lady he does not mean.
Pinchwife
Praising another man to his
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