R.U.R., or Rossum’s Universal Robots is a play written in 1920 by Karel Čapek, a Czech writer who wrote many plays and novels, many of them with science-fiction and dystopian themes. R.U.R. is perhaps the most well-known of these works in the English-speaking world because it brought the word “robot” into the language. “Robot” is derived from the Czech word meaning “worker.”
The play is set in the island headquarters of the R.U.R. corporation. The corporation has been manufacturing artificial beings which resemble humans, but who are tireless workers. They can be mass-produced in large numbers and are being adopted as workers in many countries. In the first scene of the play, they are visited by a young woman, Helena Glory, who aspires to relieve the lot of the robots, who she sees as oppressed. However, in what must be the fastest seduction scene in all drama, she is wooed and agrees to marry Harry Domin, the factory manager, who she has just met. She still however aspires to improve the life of robots and find a way to give them souls. Ultimately, however, this admirable desire leads to disaster for humankind.
The play was translated into English, and slightly abridged, by Paul Selver and Nigel Playfair in 1923. This version quickly became popular with both British and American audiences and was well received by critics.
formula from memory?
Dr. Gall
It’s out of the question. Even with my recent experiments, I couldn’t work without referring to the formula—At L. C. It’s extremely complicated.
Domin
Try. All our lives depend upon it.
Dr. Gall
Without experiments it’s impossible.
Domin
And with experiments?
Dr. Gall
It might take years. Besides, I’m not old Rossum.
Busman
God in Heaven! God in Heaven!
Domin
Up to fireplace. So then this was the greatest triumph of the human intellect. These ashes.
Helena
Harry, what have I done?
Domin
Comes to her. Why did you burn it?
Helena
I have destroyed you.
Busman
God in Heaven!
Domin
Sits R. of her. Helena, why did you do it, dear?
Helena
I wanted all of us to go away. I wanted to put an end to the factory and everything. It was so awful.
Domin
What was awful?
Helena
That children had stopped being born. Because human beings were not needed to do the work of the world. That’s why—
Domin
Is that what you were thinking of? Well, perhaps in your own way you are right.
Busman
Wait a bit. Rising. Good God, what a fool I am not to have thought of it before.
Hallemeier
What?
Busman
Five hundred and twenty millions in banknotes and checks. Half a billion in our safe. They’ll sell for half a billion—for half a billion they’ll—Crosses to Domin.
Dr. Gall
Are you mad, Busman?
Busman
I may not be a gentleman, but for a half a billion—Crosses back to L.
Domin
Where are you going? Gall clutches Busman.
Busman
Leave me alone. Leave me alone! Good God, for half a billion anything can be bought. Gall and Hallemeier after him, then stop. He rushes out L. 2. Fabry, Gall and Hallemeier to window.
Fabry
They stand there as if turned to stone—waiting as if something dreadful could be wrought by their silence—
Hallemeier
Looking out window. The spirit of the mob.
Fabry
Yes. It hovers above them like a quivering of the air.
Helena
Oh, God! Doctor Gall, this is ghastly!
Fabry
There is nothing more terrible than the mob. The one in front is their leader. Domin crosses to window.
Helena
Rises. Which one? Rushing to window.
Hallemeier
Point him out.
Fabry
L. window. The one at the edge of the dock. This morning I saw him talking to the sailors in the harbor.
Helena
Doctor Gall, that’s Radius. Backing into the room, horror-stricken.
Dr. Gall
Yes.
Domin
Radius! Radius!
Hallemeier
Could you get him from here, Fabry?
Fabry
I hope so.
Hallemeier
Try it, then.
Fabry
Good—Draws his revolver and takes his aim.
Helena
To Fabry. Fabry, don’t shoot him.
Fabry
He’s their leader.
Dr. Gall
Fire! Standing above table L. C.
Helena
Fabry, I beg of you. She goes to Fabry and holds his arm.
Fabry
Pause. Lowering the revolver. Very well.
Domin
It was Radius’ life I spared.
Dr. Gall
Do you think that a Robot can be grateful? Pause.
Fabry
Busman’s going out to them.
Hallemeier
He’s carrying something. Papers. That’s money. Bundles of money. What’s that for?
Domin
Surely he doesn’t want to sell his life. He rushes to window C. Busman, have you gone mad?
Fabry
He’s running up to the railing. Busman. Busman.
Hallemeier
Yelling. Busman, come back.
Fabry
He’s talking to the Robots. He’s showing them the money.
Hallemeier
He’s pointing to us.
Helena
He wants to buy us off.
Fabry
He’d better not touch the railing.
Hallemeier
Now he’s waving his arms about.
Domin
Busman, come back!
Fabry
Busman, keep away from that railing. Don’t touch it, damn you. Quick, switch off the current. Domin runs to L. Helena screams and All drop back from the window. The current has killed him.
Alquist
Pause. The first one. Still in chair down R. Helena sits in chair at window.
Fabry
Dead, with half a billion by his side. Crosses down to table L. C.
Hallemeier
All honor to him. He wanted to buy us life. Crosses to chair L. Pause. Wind machine begins.
Dr. Gall
Do you hear?
Domin
A roaring. Like a wind. To L.
Dr. Gall
Like a storm.
Fabry
Lighting the table lamp at table L. C. The dynamo is still going—our people are still there.
Hallemeier
It was a great thing to be a man. Facing lamp from up C. There was something immense about it.
Fabry
Facing the lamp. From man’s thought and man’s power came this light, our last hope. Leaning over lamp.
Hallemeier
Facing lamp. Man’s power! May it keep watch over us. Leaning over lamp.
Alquist
Facing lamp. Man’s power.
Domin
At corner of table down L. C. Facing lamp. Yes! A torch to be given from hand to hand from age to age forever! (The lamp goes out. Explosions.)
Hallemeier
The end.
Fabry
The electric works have fallen! Terrific Explosions outside. More Explosions.
Domin
In here, Helena. He takes Helena off through door R. and re-enters. Now quickly! Who’ll be on the lower doorway?
Dr. Gall
I will. Rushes out L. 2.
Domin
Near couch. Who on the stairs?
Fabry
I will. You go with her. Going out L. 2.
Domin
The ante room?
Alquist
I will. He rises and goes toward the L. 1.
Domin
Have you got a revolver?
Alquist
Yes, but I won’t shoot.
Domin
What will you do, then?
Alquist
Going out L. 1 Die.
Hallemeier
I’ll stay here. Explosions. Rapid firing of machine gun from below. Go to her, Harry.
Domin
Yes, in a second. Gets from fireplace and examines two Browning guns.
(Warn Curtain)
Hallemeier
Confound it, go to her.
Domin
Goodbye. Exits R.
Hallemeier
Alone. Now for a barricade quickly! Drags an armchair, sofa and table to R. door. The damned devils, they’ve got bombs. I must put up a defense. Even if—even if—Don’t give in, Gall. As he builds his barricade. I mustn’t give in—without—a—struggle. A
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