Following the death of her father, Ann Whitefield becomes the ward of Jack Tanner and Roebuck Ramsden; Jack is a childhood friend, author of The Revolutionist’s Handbook, and descendant of Don Juan, while Roebuck Ramsden is a respectable friend of her father’s entirely opposed to Jack’s philosophy. Also in mourning are Octavius Robinson, who is openly in love with Ann, and his sister Violet, who is secretly pregnant. So begins a journey that will take them across London, Europe, and to Hell.
George Bernard Shaw wrote Man and Superman between 1901 and 1903. It was first performed in 1905 with the third act excised; a part of that third act, Don Juan in Hell, was performed in 1907. The full play was not performed in its entirety until 1915.
Shaw explains that he wrote Man and Superman after being challenged to write on the theme of Don Juan. Once described as Shaw’s most allusive play, Man and Superman refers to Nietzsche’s concept of the Übermensch. It combines Nietzsche’s argument that humanity is evolving towards a “superman” with the philosophy of Don Juan as a way to present his conception of society: namely, that it is women who are the driving force behind natural selection and the propagation of the species. To this end, Shaw includes as an appendix The Revolutionist’s Handbook and Pocket Companion as written by the character Jack Tanner.
me as your ward, Granny?
Ramsden
No: I never said that. I greatly object to act with Mr. Tanner: that’s all.
Mrs. Whitefield
Why? What’s the matter with poor Jack?
Tanner
My views are too advanced for him.
Ramsden
Indignantly. They are not. I deny it.
Ann
Of course not. What nonsense! Nobody is more advanced than Granny. I am sure it is Jack himself who has made all the difficulty. Come, Jack! Be kind to me in my sorrow. You don’t refuse to accept me as your ward, do you?
Tanner
Gloomily. No. I let myself in for it; so I suppose I must face it. He turns away to the bookcase, and stands there, moodily studying the titles of the volumes.
Ann
Rising and expanding with subdued but gushing delight. Then we are all agreed; and my dear father’s will is to be carried out. You don’t know what a joy that is to me and to my mother! She goes to Ramsden and presses both his hands, saying. And I shall have my dear Granny to help and advise me. She casts a glance at Tanner over her shoulder. And Jack the Giant Killer. She goes past her mother to Octavius. And Jack’s inseparable friend Ricky-ticky-tavy He blushes and looks inexpressibly foolish.
Mrs. Whitefield
Rising and shaking her widow’s weeds straight. Now that you are Ann’s guardian, Mr. Ramsden, I wish you would speak to her about her habit of giving people nicknames. They can’t be expected to like it. She moves towards the door.
Ann
How can you say such a thing, Mamma! Glowing with affectionate remorse. Oh, I wonder can you be right! Have I been inconsiderate? She turns to Octavius, who is sitting astride his chair with his elbows on the back of it. Putting her hand on his forehead she turns his face up suddenly. Do you want to be treated like a grown up man? Must I call you Mr. Robinson in future?
Octavius
Earnestly. Oh please call me Ricky-ticky-tavy, “Mr. Robinson” would hurt me cruelly.
Ann
She laughs and pats his cheek with her finger; then comes back to Ramsden. You know I’m beginning to think that Granny is rather a piece of impertinence. But I never dreamt of its hurting you.
Ramsden
Breezily, as he pats her affectionately on the back. My dear Annie, nonsense. I insist on Granny. I won’t answer to any other name than Annie’s Granny.
Ann
Gratefully. You all spoil me, except Jack.
Tanner
Over his shoulder, from the bookcase. I think you ought to call me Mr. Tanner.
Ann
Gently. No you don’t, Jack. That’s like the things you say on purpose to shock people: those who know you pay no attention to them. But, if you like, I’ll call you after your famous ancestor Don Juan.
Ramsden
Don Juan!
Ann
Innocently. Oh, is there any harm in it? I didn’t know. Then I certainly won’t call you that. May I call you Jack until I can think of something else?
Tanner
Oh, for Heaven’s sake don’t try to invent anything worse. I capitulate. I consent to Jack. I embrace Jack. Here endeth my first and last attempt to assert my authority.
Ann
You see, Mamma, they all really like to have pet names.
Mrs. Whitefield
Well, I think you might at least drop them until we are out of mourning.
Ann
Reproachfully, stricken to the soul. Oh, how could you remind me, mother? She hastily leaves the room to conceal her emotion.
Mrs. Whitefield
Of course. My fault as usual! She follows Ann.
Tanner
Coming from the bockcase. Ramsden: we’re beaten—smashed—nonentitized, like her mother.
Ramsden
Stuff, Sir. He follows Mrs. Whitefield out of the room.
Tanner
Left alone with Octavius, stares whimsically at him. Tavy: do you want to count for something in the world?
Octavius
I want to count for something as a poet: I want to write a great play.
Tanner
With Ann as the heroine?
Octavius
Yes: I confess it.
Tanner
Take care, Tavy. The play with Ann as the heroine is all right; but if you’re not very careful, by Heaven she’ll marry you.
Octavius
Sighing. No such luck, Jack!
Tanner
Why, man, your head is in the lioness’s mouth: you are half swallowed already—in three bites—Bite One, Ricky; Bite Two, Ticky; Bite Three, Tavy; and down you go.
Octavius
She is the same to everybody, Jack: you know her ways.
Tanner
Yes: she breaks everybody’s back with the stroke of her paw; but the question is, which of us will she eat? My own opinion is that she means to eat you.
Octavius
Rising, pettishly. It’s horrible to talk like that about her when she is upstairs crying for her father. But I do so want her to eat me that I can bear your brutalities because they give me hope.
Tanner
Tavy; that’s the devilish side of a woman’s fascination: she makes you will your own destruction.
Octavius
But it’s not destruction: it’s fulfilment.
Tanner
Yes, of her purpose; and that purpose is neither her happiness nor yours, but Nature’s. Vitality in a woman is a blind fury of creation. She sacrifices herself to it: do you think she will hesitate to sacrifice you?
Octavius
Why, it is just because she is self-sacrificing that she will not sacrifice those she loves.
Tanner
That is the profoundest of mistakes, Tavy. It is the self-sacrificing women that sacrifice others most recklessly. Because they are unselfish, they are kind in little things. Because they have a purpose which is not their own purpose, but that of the whole universe, a man is nothing to them but an instrument of that purpose.
Octavius
Don’t be ungenerous, Jack. They take the tenderest care of us.
Tanner
Yes, as a soldier takes care of his rifle or a musician of his violin. But do they allow us any purpose or freedom of our own? Will they lend us to one another? Can the strongest man escape from them when once he is appropriated? They tremble when we are in danger,
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