Following the death of her father, Ann Whitefield becomes the ward of Jack Tanner and Roebuck Ramsden; Jack is a childhood friend, author of The Revolutionist’s Handbook, and descendant of Don Juan, while Roebuck Ramsden is a respectable friend of her father’s entirely opposed to Jack’s philosophy. Also in mourning are Octavius Robinson, who is openly in love with Ann, and his sister Violet, who is secretly pregnant. So begins a journey that will take them across London, Europe, and to Hell.
George Bernard Shaw wrote Man and Superman between 1901 and 1903. It was first performed in 1905 with the third act excised; a part of that third act, Don Juan in Hell, was performed in 1907. The full play was not performed in its entirety until 1915.
Shaw explains that he wrote Man and Superman after being challenged to write on the theme of Don Juan. Once described as Shaw’s most allusive play, Man and Superman refers to Nietzsche’s concept of the Übermensch. It combines Nietzsche’s argument that humanity is evolving towards a “superman” with the philosophy of Don Juan as a way to present his conception of society: namely, that it is women who are the driving force behind natural selection and the propagation of the species. To this end, Shaw includes as an appendix The Revolutionist’s Handbook and Pocket Companion as written by the character Jack Tanner.
an egg. She has an expression of muddled shrewdness, a squeak of protest in her voice, and an odd air of continually elbowing away some larger person who is crushing her into a corner. One guesses her as one of those women who are conscious of being treated as silly and negligible, and who, without having strength enough to assert themselves effectually, at any rate never submit to their fate. There is a touch of chivalry in Octavius’s scrupulous attention to her, even whilst his whole soul is absorbed by Ann.
Ramsden goes solemnly back to his magisterial seat at the writing table, ignoring Tanner, and opens the proceedings.
Ramsden
I am sorry, Annie, to force business on you at a sad time like the present. But your poor dear father’s will has raised a very serious question. You have read it, I believe?
Ann assents with a nod and a catch of her breath, too much affected to speak.
I must say I am surprised to find Mr. Tanner named as joint guardian and trustee with myself of you and Rhoda. A pause. They all look portentous; but they have nothing to say. Ramsden, a little ruffled by the lack of any response, continues. I don’t know that I can consent to act under such conditions. Mr. Tanner has, I understand, some objection also; but I do not profess to understand its nature: he will no doubt speak for himself. But we are agreed that we can decide nothing until we know your views. I am afraid I shall have to ask you to choose between my sole guardianship and that of Mr. Tanner; for I fear it is impossible for us to undertake a joint arrangement.
Ann
In a low musical voice. Mamma—
Mrs. Whitefield
Hastily. Now, Ann, I do beg you not to put it on me. I have no opinion on the subject; and if I had, it would probably not be attended to. I am quite with whatever you three think best.
Tanner turns his head and looks fixedly at Ramsden, who angrily refuses to receive this mute communication.
Ann
Resuming in the same gentle voice, ignoring her mother’s bad taste. Mamma knows that she is not strong enough to bear the whole responsibility for me and Rhoda without some help and advice. Rhoda must have a guardian; and though I am older, I do not think any young unmarried woman should be left quite to her own guidance. I hope you agree with me, Granny?
Tanner
Starting. Granny! Do you intend to call your guardians Granny?
Ann
Don’t be foolish, Jack. Mr. Ramsden has always been Grandpapa Roebuck to me: I am Granny’s Annie; and he is Annie’s Granny. I christened him so when I first learned to speak.
Ramsden
Sarcastically. I hope you are satisfied, Mr. Tanner. Go on, Annie: I quite agree with you.
Ann
Well, if I am to have a guardian, can I set aside anybody whom my dear father appointed for me?
Ramsden
Biting his lip. You approve of your father’s choice, then?
Ann
It is not for me to approve or disapprove. I accept it. My father loved me and knew best what was good for me.
Ramsden
Of course I understand your feeling, Annie. It is what I should have expected of you; and it does you credit. But it does not settle the question so completely as you think. Let me put a case to you. Suppose you were to discover that I had been guilty of some disgraceful action—that I was not the man your poor dear father took me for. Would you still consider it right that I should be Rhoda’s guardian?
Ann
I can’t imagine you doing anything disgraceful, Granny.
Tanner
To Ramsden. You haven’t done anything of the sort, have you?
Ramsden
Indignantly. No sir.
Mrs. Whitefield
Placidly. Well, then, why suppose it?
Ann
You see, Granny, Mamma would not like me to suppose it.
Ramsden
Much perplexed. You are both so full of natural and affectionate feeling in these family matters that it is very hard to put the situation fairly before you.
Tanner
Besides, my friend, you are not putting the situation fairly before them.
Ramsden
Sulkily. Put it yourself, then.
Tanner
I will. Ann: Ramsden thinks I am not fit be your guardian; and I quite agree with him. He considers that if your father had read my book, he wouldn’t have appointed me. That book is the disgraceful action he has been talking about. He thinks it’s your duty for Rhoda’s sake to ask him to act alone and to make me withdraw. Say the word and I will.
Ann
But I haven’t read your book, Jack.
Tanner
Diving at the waste-paper basket and fishing the book out for her. Then read it at once and decide.
Ramsden
If I am to be your guardian, I positively forbid you to read that book, Annie. He smites the table with his fist and rises.
Ann
Of course, if you don’t wish it. She puts the book on the table.
Tanner
If one guardian is to forbid you to read the other guardian’s book, how are we to settle it? Suppose I order you to read it! What about your duty to me?
Ann
Gently. I am sure you would never purposely force me into a painful dilemma, Jack.
Ramsden
Irritably. Yes, yes, Annie: this is all very well, and, as I said, quite natural and becoming. But you must make a choice one way or the other. We are as much in a dilemma as you.
Ann
I feel that I am too young, too inexperienced, to decide. My father’s wishes are sacred to me.
Mrs. Whitefield
If you two men won’t carry them out I must say it is rather hard that you should put the responsibility on Ann. It seems to me that people are always putting things on other people in this world.
Ramsden
I am sorry you take it that way.
Ann
Touchingly. Do you refuse to accept
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