War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy (ebook reader for pc TXT) π
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Against the backdrop of the Napoleonic Wars, five aristocratic families in Russia are transformed by the vagaries of life, by war, and by the intersection of their lives with each other. Hundreds of characters populate War and Peace, many of them historical persons, including Napoleon and Tsar Alexander I, and all of them come to life under Tolstoyβs deft hand.
War and Peace is generally considered to be Tolstoyβs masterpiece, a pinnacle of Russian literature, and one of historyβs great novels. Tolstoy himself refused to call it that, saying it was βnot a novel, even less is it a poem, and still less a historical chronicle.β It contains elements of history, narrative, and philosophy, the latter increasing in quantity as the book moves towards its climax. Whatever it is called, it is a triumph whose breadth and depth is perhaps unmatched in literature.
This production restores the Russian given names that were anglicized by the Maudes in their translation, the use of Russian patronymics and diminutives that they eliminated, and Tolstoyβs original four-book structure.
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- Author: Leo Tolstoy
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In chapter 13, verse 18, of the Apocalypse, it is said:
Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.
And in the fifth verse of the same chapter:
And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
The French alphabet, written out with the same numerical values as the Hebrew, in which the first nine letters denote units and the others tens, will have the following significance:
a1
b2
c3
d4
e5
f6
g7
h8
i9
k10
l20
m30
n40
o50
p60
q70
r80
s90
t100
u110
v120
w130
x140
y150
z160
Writing the words LβEmpereur NapolΓ©on in numbers, it appears that the sum of them is 666, and that Napoleon was therefore the beast foretold in the Apocalypse. Moreover, by applying the same system to the words quarante-deux,80 which was the term allowed to the beast that βspoke great things and blasphemies,β the same number 666 was obtained; from which it followed that the limit fixed for Napoleonβs power had come in the year 1812 when the French emperor was forty-two. This prophecy pleased Pierre very much and he often asked himself what would put an end to the power of the beast, that is, of Napoleon, and tried by the same system of using letters as numbers and adding them up, to find an answer to the question that engrossed him. He wrote the words LβEmpereur Alexandre, La nation russe and added up their numbers, but the sums were either more or less than 666. Once when making such calculations he wrote down his own name in French, Comte Pierre Besouhoff, but the sum of the numbers did not come right. Then he changed the spelling, substituting a z for the s and adding de and the article le, still without obtaining the desired result. Then it occurred to him: if the answer to the question were contained in his name, his nationality would also be given in the answer. So he wrote Le russe Besuhof and adding up the numbers got 671. This was only five too much, and five was represented by e, the very letter elided from the article le before the word Empereur. By omitting the e, though incorrectly, Pierre got the answer he sought. Lβrusse Besuhof made 666. This discovery excited him. How, or by what means, he was connected with the great event foretold in the Apocalypse he did not know, but he did not doubt that connection for a moment. His love for NatΓ‘sha, Antichrist, Napoleon, the invasion, the comet, 666, LβEmpereur NapolΓ©on, and Lβrusse Besuhofβ βall this had to mature and culminate, to lift him out of that spellbound, petty sphere of Moscow habits in which he felt himself held captive and lead him to a great achievement and great happiness.
On the eve of the Sunday when the special prayer was read, Pierre had promised the RostΓ³vs to bring them, from Count RostopchΓn whom he knew well, both the appeal to the people and the news from the army. In the morning, when he went to call at RostopchΓnβs he met there a courier fresh from the army, an acquaintance of his own, who often danced at Moscow balls.
βDo, please, for heavenβs sake, relieve me of something!β said the courier. βI have a sackful of letters to parents.β
Among these letters was one from NikolΓ‘y RostΓ³v to his father. Pierre took that letter, and RostopchΓn also gave him the Emperorβs appeal to Moscow, which had just been printed, the last army orders, and his own most recent bulletin. Glancing through the army orders, Pierre found in one of them, in the lists of killed, wounded, and rewarded, the name of NikolΓ‘y RostΓ³v, awarded a St. Georgeβs Cross of the Fourth Class for courage shown in the OstrΓ³vna affair, and in the same order the name of Prince AndrΓ©y BolkΓ³nski, appointed to the command of a regiment of Chasseurs. Though he did not want to remind the RostΓ³vs of BolkΓ³nski, Pierre could not refrain from making them happy by the news of their sonβs having received a decoration, so he sent that printed army order and NikolΓ‘yβs letter to the RostΓ³vs, keeping the appeal, the bulletin, and the other orders to take with him when he went to dinner.
His conversation with Count RostopchΓn and the latterβs tone of anxious hurry, the meeting with the courier who talked casually of how badly things were going in the army, the rumors of the discovery of spies in Moscow and of a leaflet in circulation stating that Napoleon promised to be in both the Russian capitals by the autumn, and the talk of the Emperorβs being expected to arrive next dayβ βall aroused with fresh force that feeling of agitation and expectation in Pierre which he had been conscious of ever since the appearance of the comet, and especially since the beginning of the war.
He had long been thinking of entering the army and would have done so had he not been hindered, first, by his membership of the Society of Freemasons to which he was bound by oath
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