R.U.R., or Rossum’s Universal Robots is a play written in 1920 by Karel Čapek, a Czech writer who wrote many plays and novels, many of them with science-fiction and dystopian themes. R.U.R. is perhaps the most well-known of these works in the English-speaking world because it brought the word “robot” into the language. “Robot” is derived from the Czech word meaning “worker.”
The play is set in the island headquarters of the R.U.R. corporation. The corporation has been manufacturing artificial beings which resemble humans, but who are tireless workers. They can be mass-produced in large numbers and are being adopted as workers in many countries. In the first scene of the play, they are visited by a young woman, Helena Glory, who aspires to relieve the lot of the robots, who she sees as oppressed. However, in what must be the fastest seduction scene in all drama, she is wooed and agrees to marry Harry Domin, the factory manager, who she has just met. She still however aspires to improve the life of robots and find a way to give them souls. Ultimately, however, this admirable desire leads to disaster for humankind.
The play was translated into English, and slightly abridged, by Paul Selver and Nigel Playfair in 1923. This version quickly became popular with both British and American audiences and was well received by critics.
with Robots.
Helena
They make me feel so strange.
Domin
Crosses to desk. Rings. Did you see my new typist?
Helena
I didn’t notice her.
Enter Sulla L. She crosses and stands C., facing Helena, who is still sitting in the couch.
Domin
Sulla, let Miss Glory see you.
Helena
Looks at Domin. Rising, crosses a step to C. So pleased to meet you. Looks at Domin. You must find it terribly dull in this out of the way spot, don’t you?
Sulla
I don’t know, Miss Glory.
Helena
Where do you come from?
Sulla
From the factory.
Helena
Oh, were you born there?
Sulla
I was made there.
Helena
What? Looks first at Sulla, then at Domin.
Domin
To Sulla, laughing. Sulla is a Robot, best grade.
Helena
Oh, I beg your pardon.
Domin
Crosses to Sulla. Sulla isn’t angry. See, Miss Glory, the kind of skin we make. Feel her face. Touches Sulla’s face.
Helena
Oh, no, no.
Domin
Examining Sulla’s hand. You wouldn’t know that she’s made of different material from us, would you? Turn ’round, Sulla. Sulla does so. Circles twice.
Helena
Oh, stop, stop.
Domin
Talk to Miss Glory, Sulla. Examines hair of Sulla.
Sulla
Please sit down. Helena sits on couch. Did you have a pleasant crossing? Fixes her hair.
Helena
Oh, yes, certainly.
Sulla
Don’t go back on the Amelia, Miss Glory, the barometer is falling steadily. Wait for the Pennsylvania. That’s a good powerful vessel.
Domin
What’s its speed?
Sulla
Forty knots an hour. Fifty thousand tons. One of the latest vessels, Miss Glory.
Helena
Thank you.
Sulla
A crew of fifteen hundred, Captain Harpy, eight boilers—
Domin
That’ll do, Sulla. Now show us your knowledge of French.
Helena
You know French?
Sulla
Oui! Madame! I know four languages. I can write: “Dear Sir, Monsieur, Geehrter Herr, Cteny pane.”
Helena
Jumping up, crosses to Sulla. Oh, that’s absurd! Sulla isn’t a Robot. Sulla is a girl like me. Sulla, this is outrageous—Why do you take part in such a hoax?
Sulla
I am a Robot.
Helena
No, no, you are not telling the truth. She catches the amused expression on Domin’s face. I know they have forced you to do it for an advertisement. Sulla, you are a girl like me, aren’t you? Looks at him.
Domin
I’m sorry, Miss Glory. Sulla is a Robot.
Helena
It’s a lie!
Domin
What? Pushes button on desk. Well, then I must convince you. Enter Marius R. C. He stands just inside the door. Marius, take Sulla into the dissecting room, and tell them to open her up at once. Marius moves toward C.
Helena
Where?
Domin
Into the dissecting room. When they’ve cut her open, you can go and have a look.Marius makes a start toward Sulla.
Helena
Stopping Marius. No! No!
Domin
Excuse me, you spoke of lies.
Helena
You wouldn’t have her killed?
Domin
You can’t kill machines. Sulla! Marius one step forward, one arm out. Sulla makes a move toward R. door.
Helena
Moves a step R. Don’t be afraid, Sulla. I won’t let you go. Tell me, my dear—(Takes her hand)—are they always so cruel to you? You mustn’t put up with it, Sulla. You mustn’t.
Sulla
I am a Robot.
Helena
That doesn’t matter. Robots are just as good as we are. Sulla, you wouldn’t let yourself be cut to pieces?
Sulla
Yes. Hand away.
Helena
Oh, you’re not afraid of death, then?
Sulla
I cannot tell, Miss Glory.
Helena
Do you know what would happen to you in there?
Sulla
Yes, I should cease to move.
Helena
How dreadful! Looks at Sulla.
Domin
Marius, tell Miss Glory what you are? Turns to Helena.
Marius
To Helena. Marius, the Robot.
Domin
Would you take Sulla into the dissecting room?
Marius
Turns to Domin. Yes.
Domin
Would you be sorry for her?
Marius
Pause. I cannot tell.
Domin
What would happen to her?
Marius
She would cease to move. They would put her into the stamping mill.
Domin
That is death, Marius. Aren’t you afraid of death?
Marius
No.
Domin
You see, Miss Glory, the Robots have no interest in life. They have no enjoyments. They are less than so much grass.
Helena
Oh, stop. Please send them away.
Domin
Pushes button. Marius, Sulla, you may go. Marius pivots and exits R. Sulla exits L.
Helena
How terrible! To C. It’s outrageous what you are doing. He takes her hand.
Domin
Why outrageous? His hand over hers. Laughing.
Helena
I don’t know, but it is. Why do you call her “Sulla”?
Domin
Isn’t it a nice name? Hand away.
Helena
It’s a man’s name. Sulla was a Roman General.
Domin
What! Oh! Laughs. We thought that Marius and Sulla were lovers.
Helena
Indignantly. Marius and Sulla were generals and fought against each other in the year—I’ve forgotten now.
Domin
Laughing. Come here to the window. He goes to window C.
Helena
What?
Domin
Come here. She goes. Do you see anything? Takes her arm. She is on his R.
Helena
Bricklayers.
Domin
Robots. All our work people are Robots. And down there, can you see anything?
Helena
Some sort of office.
Domin
A counting house. And in it—
Helena
A lot of officials.
Domin
Robots! All our officials are Robots. And when you see the factory—Noon whistle blows. She is scared; puts arm on Domin. He laughs. If we don’t blow the whistle the Robots won’t stop working. In two hours I’ll show you the kneading trough. Both come down stage. Helena is L. C. and Domin is R. C., arm in arm.
Helena
Kneading trough?
Domin
The pestle for beating up the paste. In each one we mix the ingredients for a thousand Robots at one operation. Then there are the vats for the preparation of liver, brains, and
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