Man and Superman by George Bernard Shaw (world of reading TXT) 📕
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Following the death of her father, Ann Whitefield becomes the ward of Jack Tanner and Roebuck Ramsden; Jack is a childhood friend, author of The Revolutionist’s Handbook, and descendant of Don Juan, while Roebuck Ramsden is a respectable friend of her father’s entirely opposed to Jack’s philosophy. Also in mourning are Octavius Robinson, who is openly in love with Ann, and his sister Violet, who is secretly pregnant. So begins a journey that will take them across London, Europe, and to Hell.
George Bernard Shaw wrote Man and Superman between 1901 and 1903. It was first performed in 1905 with the third act excised; a part of that third act, Don Juan in Hell, was performed in 1907. The full play was not performed in its entirety until 1915.
Shaw explains that he wrote Man and Superman after being challenged to write on the theme of Don Juan. Once described as Shaw’s most allusive play, Man and Superman refers to Nietzsche’s concept of the Übermensch. It combines Nietzsche’s argument that humanity is evolving towards a “superman” with the philosophy of Don Juan as a way to present his conception of society: namely, that it is women who are the driving force behind natural selection and the propagation of the species. To this end, Shaw includes as an appendix The Revolutionist’s Handbook and Pocket Companion as written by the character Jack Tanner.
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- Author: George Bernard Shaw
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No answer.
Resignedly. Asleep, as usual. Doggrel to all the world; Heavenly music to me! Idiot that I am to wear my heart on my sleeve! He composes himself to sleep, murmuring. Louisa, I love thee; I love thee, Louisa; Louisa, Louisa, Louisa, I—
Straker snores; rolls over on his side; and relapses into sleep. Stillness settles on the Sierra; and the darkness deepens. The fire has again buried itself in white ash and ceased to glow. The peaks show unfathomably dark against the starry firmament; but now the stars dim and vanish; and the sky seems to steal away out of the universe. Instead of the Sierra there is nothing; omnipresent nothing. No sky, no peaks, no light, no sound, no time nor space, utter void. Then somewhere the beginning of a pallor, and with it a faint throbbing buzz as of a ghostly violoncello palpitating on the same note endlessly. A couple of ghostly violins presently take advantage of this bass. And therewith the pallor reveals a man in the void, an incorporeal but visible man, seated, absurdly enough, on nothing. For a moment he raises his head as the music passes him by. Then, with a heavy sigh, he droops in utter dejection; and the violins, discouraged, retrace their melody in despair and at last give it up, extinguished by wailings from uncanny wind instruments, thus:— It is all very odd. One recognizes the Mozartian strain; and on this hint, and by the aid of certain sparkles of violet light in the pallor, the man’s costume explains itself as that of a Spanish nobleman of the fifteenth-sixteenth century. Don Juan, of course; but where? Why? How? Besides, in the brief lifting of his face, now hidden by his hat brim, there was a curious suggestion of Tanner. A more critical, fastidious, handsome face, paler and colder, without Tanner’s impetuous credulity and enthusiasm, and without a touch of his modern plutocratic vulgarity, but still a resemblance, even an identity. The name too: Don Juan Tenorio, John Tanner. Where on Earth—or elsewhere—have we got to from the twentieth century and the Sierra? Another pallor in the void, this time not violet, but a disagreeable smoky yellow. With it, the whisper of a ghostly clarinet turning this tune into infinite sadness: The yellowish pallor moves: there is an old crone wandering in the void, bent and toothless; draped, as well as one can guess, in the coarse brown frock of some religious order. She wanders and wanders in her slow hopeless way, much as a wasp flies in its rapid busy way, until she blunders against the thing she seeks: companionship. With a sob of relief the poor old creature clutches at the presence of the man and addresses him in her dry unlovely voice, which can still express pride and resolution as well as suffering. The Old Woman Excuse me; but I am so lonely; and this place is so awful. Don Juan A newcomer? The Old Woman Yes: I suppose I died this morning. I confessed; I had extreme unction; I was in bed with my family about me and my eyes fixed on the cross. Then it grew dark; and when the light came back it was this light by which I walk seeing nothing. I have wandered for hours in horrible loneliness. Don Juan Sighing. Ah! You have not yet lost the sense of time. One soon does, in eternity. The Old Woman Where are we? Don Juan In Hell. The Old Woman Proudly. Hell! I in Hell! How dare you? Don Juan Unimpressed. Why not, Señora? The Old Woman You do not know to whom you are speaking. I am a lady, and a faithful daughter of the Church. Don Juan I do not doubt it. The Old Woman But how then can I be in Hell? Purgatory, perhaps: I have not been perfect: who has? But Hell! Oh, you are lying. Don Juan Hell, Señora, I assure you; Hell at its best—that is, its most solitary—though perhaps you would prefer company. The Old Woman But I have sincerely repented; I have confessed. Don Juan How much? The Old Woman More sins than I really committed. I loved confession. Don Juan Ah, that is perhaps as bad as confessing too little. At all events, Señora, whether by oversight or intention, you are certainly damned, like myself; and there is nothing for it now but to make the best of it. The Old Woman Indignantly. Oh! And I might have been so much wickeder! All my good deeds wasted! It is unjust. Don Juan No: you were fully and clearly warned. For your bad deeds, vicarious atonement, mercy without justice. For your good deeds, justice without mercy. We have many good people here. The Old Woman Were you a good man? Don Juan I was a murderer. The Old Woman A murderer! Oh, how dare they send me to herd with murderers! I was not as bad as that: I was a good woman. There is some mistake: where can I have it set right? Don Juan I do not know whether mistakes can be corrected here. Probably they will not admit a mistake even if they have made one. The Old Woman But whom can I ask? Don Juan I should ask the Devil, Señora: he understands the ways of this place, which is more than I ever could. The Old Woman The Devil! I speak to the Devil! Don Juan In Hell, Señora, the Devil is the leader of the best society. The Old Woman I tell you, wretch, I know I am not in Hell. Don Juan How do you know? The Old Woman Because I feel no pain. Don
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