Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) ๐
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Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrowโs early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.
The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the โsequelโ to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.
In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.
Borrowโs subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.
The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrowโs discussions with โthe man in black,โ depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.
Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.
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Trin hors-worth there of drab we lels
And when to the swety back we wels
We pens weโll drab the baulo.
โAnd then we kairs the drab oprรฉ,
And then we jaws to the farming ker
To mang a beti habben,
A beti poggado habben.
โA rinkeno baulo there we dick,
And then we pens in Rommany jib:
โChiv lis odoy oprey the chick,
The baulo he will lel lis,
The baulo he will lel lis.
โโโApopli on the sorlo we
Will wel and mang him mullo,
Will wel and mang his truppo.โ
โAnd so we kairs, and so we kairs,
We mang him on the sorlo,
And rig to the tan the baulo.
โAnd then we toves his wendror well
Till sore the wendror iuziou sie,
Till kekkeno drabโs adrey lis,
Till drab thereโs kek adrey lis.
โAnd then his truppo well we hatch,
Kin levinor at the kitchema,
And have a kosko habben,
A kosko Rommano habben.
โThe boshom-engro kils, he kils,
The tawni juva gils, she gils,
A puro Rommany gillie,
Now shoon the Rommany gillie.โ
3. The third and last MS. is complete, but varies considerably from the printed text. โRomanyโ is written with two mโs, as in Lavengro throughout; in the fourth verse it reads: โIn Rommany chib: chiv lis odoy oprรฉ the chik;โ fourth line omits โand;โ in the fifth and sixth verses it gives โsorloโ properly, instead of โsaulo;โ in seventh verse it reads โhis wendror,โ and in the last, โboshom-engroโ and โtawni.โ
From all these variants it results that MS. No. 3 furnishes a better reading than the printed text. โโ Knapp โฉ
The apothecary. โฉ
Ursulaโs Song: By the aid of the Gypsy list [the Glossary] at the end of this volume, the translation can be easily made out by the curious reader. โโ Knapp โฉ
MS., see Life, I, 34, n. โโ Knapp โฉ
Sanpriel: Corrupt form of โSanspareil,โ unrivalled. โโ Knapp โฉ
Synfye: Slavonic form of โCynthiaโโ โth in Russian is pronounced ph or f; Thomas, Fรณmas. โโ Knapp โฉ
Life, I, 34, n. โโ Knapp โฉ
Life of Charles: Add โXIIโ โโ Knapp โฉ
The church: Mentioned as three miles from the dingle, has not yet been discovered. โโ Knapp โฉ
The Edda: Early Icelandic literary monuments, consisting of the Elder or Poetic Edda collected by Saemund, and the later or Prose Edda collected by Snorro Sturleson. See Malletโs Northern Antiquities, Bohnโs Edition. โโ Knapp โฉ
Sagas: Early historical tales handed down by oral tradition. โโ Knapp โฉ
Anselo Herne: His clan-name. โโ Knapp โฉ
Pulci: Luigi Pulci (1432โ โโ 87). See Morgante Maggiore di Luigi Pulci Firentino, etc. Venetia, 1546. โโ Knapp โฉ
Ingravidata (Italian): With child. โโ Knapp โฉ
E nacquene, etc.: โAnd of her a son was born, says story, who subsequently gave great victory to Charlemagne.โ โโ Knapp โฉ
Fortiguerra: Niccolรฒ Fortiguerra (1674โ โโ 1735). He did not live to print his voluminous poem entitled Ricciardetto, having died in 1735, just โninety yearsโ from the date 1825, as our text declares. โโ Knapp โฉ
Slammocks, etc.: Norwich worthies, I suppose; at least I do not find them in the Boxiana at my command. โโ Knapp โฉ
The Armenian in this chapter I find correct. โHramahyelโ should have been given hramaรฏyel, โhntal,โ etc., khntal (ฯฮฝฯฮฌฮป), and โmadagh,โ madag.
See The Latin-Armenian Dictionary, with a Grammar Prefixed. By Jacobus Villotte, from which Borrow drew the Haรฏkian words and forms displayed in Lavengro and Romany Rye. โโ Knapp โฉ
Hard-mouthed jade: This favourite expression of Mr. Borrowโs proceeds, I opine, from his readings in the quaint eighteenth century literature with which his library abounded. In Defoeโs Moll Flanders, p. 301, edition of 1722, we read: โThe witnesses were the two wenches, a couple of hard mouthโd jades indeed.โ And on p. 323: โA hard mouthโd man.โ โโ Knapp โฉ
The โdaffodilโ poet: William Wordsworth (1770โ โโ 1850). โโ Knapp โฉ
Carlo Borromeo: The Cardinal saint, born 1538, died 1584. โโ Knapp โฉ
Bricconi abbasso (It.): โDown with the rogues!โ โโ Knapp โฉ
Friar Bacon: The celebrated scientist Roger Bacon (1214โ โโ 94) was fated, like Virgil, to be popularly metamorphosed into a magician and conjuror. Hence the โFriar Baconโ series of chap-books, extending (so far as we know them) from the sixteenth century to the present. I will give the passage referred to by Mr. Borrow, so that it may be seen that the myth had no reference to the railway. No. 3 in The History of Frier Bacon. London, 1683, leaf 8:โ โ
โChapter V: How Miles watched the Brazen-head, and in the end went away from his master.
โFryer Bacon, having performed many wonderful things by his curious Art, was now sifting out how he might wall England with brass; wherefore he and Fryer Bungy, when they had raised the devil, bound him to a tree, for to make him tell them how it might be performed. He told them that they should make a Brazen-head, which (if they could watch it till it spoke) would tell them how it might be done. The head was made, and they watched till they could watch no longer. At last Fryer Bungey persuaded Fryer Bacon to let his man Miles watch while they slept; to which the Fryer agreed. Then Miles was called, who undertook to awake them when the Head would speak. So to sleep they went, and Miles expected some great speech to come from the Head. At last the Head cryed, โTime Isโ; at which Miles fell into a great laughter, and made his scoffs and jears thereat. Then it said, โTime Wasโ; but yet he would not awake his master, counting them but silly and frivolous
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