Shirley by Charlotte BrontĂ« (best books to read for teens .TXT) đ
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Shirley, published in 1849, was Charlotte BrontĂ«âs second novel after Jane Eyre. Published under her pseudonym of âCurrer Bell,â it differs in several respects from that earlier work. It is written in the third person with an omniscient narrator, rather than the first-person of Jane Eyre, and incorporates the themes of industrial change and the plight of unemployed workers. It also features strong pleas for the recognition of womenâs intellect and right to their independence of thought and action.
Set in the West Riding of Yorkshire during the Napoleonic period of the early 19th Century, the novel describes the confrontations between textile manufacturers and organized groups of workers protesting the introduction of mechanical looms. Three characters stand out: Robert Moore, a mill-owner determined to introduce modern methods despite sometimes violent opposition; his young cousin Caroline Helstone, who falls deeply in love with Robert; and Shirley Keeldar, a rich heiress who comes to live in the estate of Fieldhead, on whose land Robertâs mill stands. Robertâs business is in trouble, not so much because of the protests of the workers but because of a government decree which prevents him selling his finished cloth overseas during the duration of the war with Napoleon. He receives a loan from Miss Keeldar, and her interest in him seems to be becoming a romantic one, much to the distress of Caroline, who pines away for lack of any sign of affection from Robert.
Shirley Keeldar is a remarkable female character for the time: strong, very independent-minded, dismissive of much of the standard rules of society, and determined to decide on her own future. Interestingly, up to this point, the name âShirleyâ was almost entirely a male name; Shirleyâs parents had hoped for a boy. Such was the success of BrontĂ«âs novel, however, that it became increasingly popular as a female name and is now almost exclusively so.
Although never as popular or successful as the more classically romantic Jane Eyre, Shirley is nevertheless now highly regarded by critics.
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- Author: Charlotte Brontë
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âSettle about Farren at once,â urged Mr. Moore. âYou have large fruit-gardens at Yorke Mills. He is a good gardener. Give him work there.â
âWell, so be it. Iâll send for him tomorrow, and weâll see. And now, my lad, youâre concerned about the condition of your affairs?â
âYes, a second failureâ âwhich I may delay, but which, at this moment, I see no way finally to avertâ âwould blight the name of Moore completely; and you are aware I had fine intentions of paying off every debt and reestablishing the old firm on its former basis.â
âYou want capitalâ âthatâs all you want.â
âYes; but you might as well say that breath is all a dead man wants to live.â
âI knowâ âI know capital is not to be had for the asking; and if you were a married man, and had a family, like me, I should think your case pretty nigh desperate; but the young and unencumbered have chances peculiar to themselves. I hear gossip now and then about your being on the eve of marriage with this miss and that; but I suppose it is none of it true?â
âYou may well suppose that. I think I am not in a position to be dreaming of marriage. Marriage! I cannot bear the word; it sounds so silly and utopian. I have settled it decidedly that marriage and love are superfluities, intended only for the rich, who live at ease, and have no need to take thought for the morrow; or desperationsâ âthe last and reckless joy of the deeply wretched, who never hope to rise out of the slough of their utter poverty.â
âI should not think so if I were circumstanced as you are. I should think I could very likely get a wife with a few thousands, who would suit both me and my affairs.â
âI wonder where?â
âWould you try if you had a chance?â
âI donât know. It depends onâ âin short, it depends on many things.â
âWould you take an old woman?â
âIâd rather break stones on the road.â
âSo would I. Would you take an ugly one?â
âBah! I hate ugliness and delight in beauty. My eyes and heart, Yorke, take pleasure in a sweet, young, fair face, as they are repelled by a grim, rugged, meagre one. Soft delicate lines and hues please, harsh ones prejudice me. I wonât have an ugly wife.â
âNot if she were rich?â
âNot if she were dressed in gems. I could not loveâ âI could not fancyâ âI could not endure her. My taste must have satisfaction, or disgust would break out in despotism, or worseâ âfreeze to utter iciness.â
âWhat! Bob, if you married an honest, good-natured, and wealthy lass, though a little hard-favoured, couldnât you put up with the high cheekbones, the rather wide mouth, and reddish hair?â
âIâll never try, I tell you. Grace at least I will have, and youth and symmetryâ âyes, and what I call beauty.â
âAnd poverty, and a nursery full of bairns you can neither clothe nor feed, and very soon an anxious, faded mother; and then bankruptcy, discreditâ âa lifelong struggle.â
âLet me alone, Yorke.â
âIf you are romantic, Robert, and especially if you are already in love, it is of no use talking.â
âI am not romantic. I am stripped of romance as bare as the white tenters in that field are of cloth.â
âAlways use such figures of speech, lad; I can understand them. And there is no love affair to disturb your judgment?â
âI thought I had said enough on that subject before. Love for me? Stuff!â
âWell, then, if you are sound both in heart and head, there is no reason why you should not profit by a good chance if it offers; therefore, wait and see.â
âYou are quite oracular, Yorke.â
âI think I am a bit iâ that line. I promise ye naught and I advise ye naught; but I bid ye keep your heart up, and be guided by circumstances.â
âMy namesake the physicianâs almanac could not speak more guardedly.â
âIn the meantime, I care naught about ye, Robert Moore: ye are nothing akin to me or mine, and whether ye lose or find a fortune it maks no difference to me. Go home, now. It has stricken ten. Miss Hortense will be wondering where ye are.â
X Old MaidsTime wore on, and spring matured. The surface of England began to look pleasant: her fields grew green, her hills fresh, her gardens blooming; but at heart she was no better. Still her poor were wretched, still their employers were harassed. Commerce, in some of its branches, seemed threatened with paralysis, for the war continued; Englandâs blood was shed and her wealth lavishedâ âall, it seemed, to attain most inadequate ends. Some tidings there were indeed occasionally of successes in the Peninsula, but these came in slowly; long intervals occurred between, in which no note was heard but the insolent self-felicitations of Bonaparte on his continued triumphs. Those who suffered from the results of the war felt this tedious, and, as they thought, hopeless struggle against what their fears or their interests taught them to regard as an invincible power, most insufferable. They demanded peace on any terms. Men like Yorke and Mooreâ âand there were thousands whom the war placed where it placed them, shuddering on the verge of bankruptcyâ âinsisted on peace with the energy of desperation.
They held meetings, they made speeches, they got up petitions to extort this boon; on what terms it was made they cared not.
All men, taken singly, are more or less selfish; and taken in bodies, they are intensely so. The British merchant is no exception to this rule: the mercantile classes illustrate it strikingly. These classes certainly think too exclusively of making money; they are too oblivious of every national consideration but that of extending Englandâsâ âthat is, their ownâ âcommerce. Chivalrous feeling, disinterestedness, pride in honour, is too dead in their hearts. A land ruled by them alone would too often make ignominious submissionâ ânot at all from the motives Christ teaches, but rather from those Mammon instils. During the late war, the tradesmen of England would have
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