In 1870s Norway, Nora Helmer struggles to be her own person within her marriage and a society that limits the opportunities of women. When decisions made to protect her husband come back to haunt her, Nora must fight for her family and for her own place in the world.
Since its first theatrical run, in which every performance was sold out, A Doll’s House has inspired admiration, controversy, and discussion. First published by Ibsen in 1879 in Danish, the official language of Danish-ruled Norway, A Doll’s House sold out its first two printings within months. It first premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen within a month of publication, and the play was performed in Germany in 1880 and London in 1884.
Initial translations changed the play, particularly the ending, to be more sympathetic and acceptable. Ibsen considered these changes to be a “barbaric outrage.” It wouldn’t be until 1889 that the play was performed as written in London and Broadway.
Ibsen’s work pioneered realistic depictions of middle class families and social themes. He claimed that he didn’t have feminist intentions in the writing of A Doll’s House, instead aiming for “the description of humanity,” but the play is widely considered an essential feminist work and has had a real lasting impact: as recently as 2006, it was the most performed play in the world.
soul, how unreasonable you are! Sits down on the sofa. Be nice now, Doctor Rank, and tomorrow you will see how beautifully I shall dance, and you can imagine I am doing it all for you—and for Torvald too, of course. Takes various things out of the box. Doctor Rank, come and sit down here, and I will show you something.
Rank
Sitting down. What is it?
Nora
Just look at those!
Rank
Silk stockings.
Nora
Flesh-coloured. Aren’t they lovely? It is so dark here now, but tomorrow—. No, no, no! you must only look at the feet. Oh well, you may have leave to look at the legs too.
Rank
Hm!—
Nora
Why are you looking so critical? Don’t you think they will fit me?
Rank
I have no means of forming an opinion about that.
Nora
Looks at him for a moment. For shame! Hits him lightly on the ear with the stockings. That’s to punish you. Folds them up again.
Rank
And what other nice things am I to be allowed to see?
Nora
Not a single thing more, for being so naughty. She looks among the things, humming to herself.
Rank
After a short silence. When I am sitting here, talking to you as intimately as this, I cannot imagine for a moment what would have become of me if I had never come into this house.
Nora
Smiling. I believe you do feel thoroughly at home with us.
Rank
In a lower voice, looking straight in front of him. And to be obliged to leave it all—
Nora
Nonsense, you are not going to leave it.
Rank
As before. And not be able to leave behind one the slightest token of one’s gratitude, scarcely even a fleeting regret—nothing but an empty place which the first comer can fill as well as any other.
Nora
And if I asked you now for a—? No!
Rank
For what?
Nora
For a big proof of your friendship—
Rank
Yes, yes!
Nora
I mean a tremendously big favour—
Rank
Would you really make me so happy for once?
Nora
Ah, but you don’t know what it is yet.
Rank
No—but tell me.
Nora
I really can’t, Doctor Rank. It is something out of all reason; it means advice, and help, and a favour—
Rank
The bigger a thing it is the better. I can’t conceive what it is you mean. Do tell me. Haven’t I your confidence?
Nora
More than anyone else. I know you are my truest and best friend, and so I will tell you what it is. Well, Doctor Rank, it is something you must help me to prevent. You know how devotedly, how inexpressibly deeply Torvald loves me; he would never for a moment hesitate to give his life for me.
Rank
Leaning towards her. Nora—do you think he is the only one—?
Nora
With a slight start. The only one—?
Rank
The only one who would gladly give his life for your sake.
Nora
Sadly. Is that it?
Rank
I was determined you should know it before I went away, and there will never be a better opportunity than this. Now you know it, Nora. And now you know, too, that you can trust me as you would trust no one else.
Nora
Rises, deliberately and quietly. Let me pass.
Rank
Makes room for her to pass him, but sits still. Nora!
Nora
At the hall door. Helen, bring in the lamp. Goes over to the stove. Dear Doctor Rank, that was really horrid of you.
Rank
To have loved you as much as anyone else does? Was that horrid?
Nora
No, but to go and tell me so. There was really no need—
Rank
What do you mean? Did you know—? Maid enters with lamp, puts it down on the table, and goes out. Nora—Mrs. Helmer—tell me, had you any idea of this?
Nora
Oh, how do I know whether I had or whether I hadn’t? I really can’t tell you—To think you could be so clumsy, Doctor Rank! We were getting on so nicely.
Rank
Well, at all events you know now that you can command me, body and soul. So won’t you speak out?
Nora
Looking at him. After what happened?
Rank
I beg you to let me know what it is.
Nora
I can’t tell you anything now.
Rank
Yes, yes. You mustn’t punish me in that way. Let me have permission to do for you whatever a man may do.
Nora
You can do nothing for me now. Besides, I really don’t need any help at all. You will find that the whole thing is merely fancy on my part. It really is so—of course it is! Sits down in the rocking chair, and looks at him with a smile. You are a nice sort of man, Doctor Rank!—don’t you feel ashamed of yourself, now the lamp has come?
Rank
Not a bit. But perhaps I had better go—forever?
Nora
No, indeed, you shall not. Of course you must come here just as before. You know very well Torvald can’t do without you.
Rank
Yes, but you?
Nora
Oh, I am always tremendously pleased when you come.
Rank
It is just that, that put me on the wrong track. You are a riddle to me. I have often thought that you would almost as soon be in my company as in Helmer’s.
Nora
Yes—you see there are some people one loves best, and others whom one would almost always rather have as companions.
Rank
Yes, there is something in that.
Nora
When I was at home, of course I loved Papa best. But I always thought it tremendous fun if I could steal down into the maids’ room, because they never moralised at all, and talked to each other about such entertaining things.
Rank
I see—it is their place I have taken.
Nora
Jumping up and going to him. Oh, dear, nice Doctor Rank, I never meant that at all. But surely you can understand that being with Torvald is a little like being with Papa—Enter Maid from the hall.
Maid
If you please, ma’am. Whispers and hands her
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