In 1870s Norway, Nora Helmer struggles to be her own person within her marriage and a society that limits the opportunities of women. When decisions made to protect her husband come back to haunt her, Nora must fight for her family and for her own place in the world.
Since its first theatrical run, in which every performance was sold out, A Doll’s House has inspired admiration, controversy, and discussion. First published by Ibsen in 1879 in Danish, the official language of Danish-ruled Norway, A Doll’s House sold out its first two printings within months. It first premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen within a month of publication, and the play was performed in Germany in 1880 and London in 1884.
Initial translations changed the play, particularly the ending, to be more sympathetic and acceptable. Ibsen considered these changes to be a “barbaric outrage.” It wouldn’t be until 1889 that the play was performed as written in London and Broadway.
Ibsen’s work pioneered realistic depictions of middle class families and social themes. He claimed that he didn’t have feminist intentions in the writing of A Doll’s House, instead aiming for “the description of humanity,” but the play is widely considered an essential feminist work and has had a real lasting impact: as recently as 2006, it was the most performed play in the world.
will see! Within a year I shall be the manager’s right hand. It will be Nils Krogstad and not Torvald Helmer who manages the Bank.
Nora
That’s a thing you will never see!
Krogstad
Do you mean that you will—?
Nora
I have courage enough for it now.
Krogstad
Oh, you can’t frighten me. A fine, spoilt lady like you—
Nora
You will see, you will see.
Krogstad
Under the ice, perhaps? Down into the cold, coal-black water? And then, in the spring, to float up to the surface, all horrible and unrecognisable, with your hair fallen out—
Nora
You can’t frighten me.
Krogstad
Nor you me. People don’t do such things, Mrs. Helmer. Besides, what use would it be? I should have him completely in my power all the same.
Nora
Afterwards? When I am no longer—
Krogstad
Have you forgotten that it is I who have the keeping of your reputation? Nora stands speechlessly looking at him. Well, now, I have warned you. Do not do anything foolish. When Helmer has had my letter, I shall expect a message from him. And be sure you remember that it is your husband himself who has forced me into such ways as this again. I will never forgive him for that. Goodbye, Mrs. Helmer. Exit through the hall.
Nora
Goes to the hall door, opens it slightly and listens. He is going. He is not putting the letter in the box. Oh no, no! that’s impossible! Opens the door by degrees. What is that? He is standing outside. He is not going downstairs. Is he hesitating? Can he—? A letter drops into the box; then Krogstad’s footsteps are heard, until they die away as he goes downstairs. Nora utters a stifled cry, and runs across the room to the table by the sofa. A short pause.
Nora
In the letter box. Steals across to the hall door. There it lies—Torvald, Torvald, there is no hope for us now!
Mrs. Linde comes in from the room on the left, carrying the dress.
Mrs. Linde
There, I can’t see anything more to mend now. Would you like to try it on—?
Nora
In a hoarse whisper. Christine, come here.
Mrs. Linde
Throwing the dress down on the sofa. What is the matter with you? You look so agitated!
Nora
Come here. Do you see that letter? There, look—you can see it through the glass in the letter box.
Mrs. Linde
Yes, I see it.
Nora
That letter is from Krogstad.
Mrs. Linde
Nora—it was Krogstad who lent you the money!
Nora
Yes, and now Torvald will know all about it.
Mrs. Linde
Believe me, Nora, that’s the best thing for both of you.
Nora
You don’t know all. I forged a name.
Mrs. Linde
Good heavens—!
Nora
I only want to say this to you, Christine—you must be my witness.
Mrs. Linde
Your witness? What do you mean? What am I to—?
Nora
If I should go out of my mind—and it might easily happen—
Mrs. Linde
Nora!
Nora
Or if anything else should happen to me—anything, for instance, that might prevent my being here—
Mrs. Linde
Nora! Nora! you are quite out of your mind.
Nora
And if it should happen that there were someone who wanted to take all the responsibility, all the blame, you understand—
Mrs. Linde
Yes, yes—but how can you suppose—?
Nora
Then you must be my witness, that it is not true, Christine. I am not out of my mind at all; I am in my right senses now, and I tell you no one else has known anything about it; I, and I alone, did the whole thing. Remember that.
Mrs. Linde
I will, indeed. But I don’t understand all this.
Nora
How should you understand it? A wonderful thing is going to happen!
Mrs. Linde
A wonderful thing?
Nora
Yes, a wonderful thing!—But it is so terrible, Christine; it mustn’t happen, not for all the world.
Mrs. Linde
I will go at once and see Krogstad.
Nora
Don’t go to him; he will do you some harm.
Mrs. Linde
There was a time when he would gladly do anything for my sake.
Nora
He?
Mrs. Linde
Where does he live?
Nora
How should I know—? Yes, feeling in her pocket] here is his card. But the letter, the letter—!
Helmer
Calls from his room, knocking at the door. Nora! Nora Cries out anxiously. Oh, what’s that? What do you want?
Helmer
Don’t be so frightened. We are not coming in; you have locked the door. Are you trying on your dress?
Nora
Yes, that’s it. I look so nice, Torvald.
Mrs. Linde
Who has read the card. I see he lives at the corner here.
Nora
Yes, but it’s no use. It is hopeless. The letter is lying there in the box.
Mrs. Linde
And your husband keeps the key?
Nora
Yes, always.
Mrs. Linde
Krogstad must ask for his letter back unread, he must find some pretence—
Nora
But it is just at this time that Torvald generally—
Mrs. Linde
You must delay him. Go in to him in the meantime. I will come back as soon as I can. She goes out hurriedly through the hall door.
Nora
Goes to Helmer’s door, opens it and peeps in. Torvald!
Helmer
From the inner room. Well? May I venture at last to come into my own room again? Come along, Rank, now you will see—Halting in the doorway. But what is this?
Nora
What is what, dear?
Helmer
Rank led me to expect a splendid transformation.
Rank
In the doorway. I understood so, but evidently I was mistaken.
Nora
Yes, nobody is to have the chance of admiring me in my dress until tomorrow.
Helmer
But, my dear Nora, you look so worn out. Have you been practising too much?
Nora
No, I have not practised at all.
Helmer
But you will need to—
Nora
Yes, indeed I shall, Torvald. But I can’t get on a bit without you to help me; I have absolutely forgotten the whole thing.
Helmer
Oh, we will soon work it up again.
Nora
Yes, help me, Torvald. Promise that you will! I am so nervous about it—all the people—. You must give yourself up to me entirely this evening. Not the tiniest bit of business—you mustn’t even take a pen in your
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