Following the death of her father, Ann Whitefield becomes the ward of Jack Tanner and Roebuck Ramsden; Jack is a childhood friend, author of The Revolutionist’s Handbook, and descendant of Don Juan, while Roebuck Ramsden is a respectable friend of her father’s entirely opposed to Jack’s philosophy. Also in mourning are Octavius Robinson, who is openly in love with Ann, and his sister Violet, who is secretly pregnant. So begins a journey that will take them across London, Europe, and to Hell.
George Bernard Shaw wrote Man and Superman between 1901 and 1903. It was first performed in 1905 with the third act excised; a part of that third act, Don Juan in Hell, was performed in 1907. The full play was not performed in its entirety until 1915.
Shaw explains that he wrote Man and Superman after being challenged to write on the theme of Don Juan. Once described as Shaw’s most allusive play, Man and Superman refers to Nietzsche’s concept of the Übermensch. It combines Nietzsche’s argument that humanity is evolving towards a “superman” with the philosophy of Don Juan as a way to present his conception of society: namely, that it is women who are the driving force behind natural selection and the propagation of the species. To this end, Shaw includes as an appendix The Revolutionist’s Handbook and Pocket Companion as written by the character Jack Tanner.
confidence of girls.
Octavius
Ann doesn’t say that, Jack.
Tanner
What else does she mean?
Straker
Catching sight of Ann coming from the house. Miss Whitefield, gentlemen. He dismounts and strolls away down the avenue with the air of a man who knows he is no longer wanted.
Ann
Coming between Octavius and Tanner. Good morning, Jack. I have come to tell you that poor Rhoda has got one of her headaches and cannot go out with you today in the car. It is a cruel disappointment to her, poor child!
Tanner
What do you say now, Tavy.
Octavius
Surely you cannot misunderstand, Jack. Ann is showing you the kindest consideration, even at the cost of deceiving you.
Ann
What do you mean?
Tanner
Would you like to cure Rhoda’s headache, Ann?
Ann
Of course.
Tanner
Then tell her what you said just now; and add that you arrived about two minutes after I had received her letter and read it.
Ann
Rhoda has written to you!
Tanner
With full particulars.
Octavius
Never mind him, Ann. You were right, quite right. Ann was only doing her duty, Jack; and you know it. Doing it in the kindest way, too.
Ann
Going to Octavius. How kind you are, Tavy! How helpful! How well you understand!
Octavius beams.
Tanner
Aye: tighten the coils. You love her, Tavy, don’t you?
Octavius
She knows I do.
Ann
Hush. For shame, Tavy!
Tanner
Oh, I give you leave. I am your guardian; and I commit you to Tavy’s care for the next hour.
Ann
No, Jack. I must speak to you about Rhoda. Ricky: will you go back to the house and entertain your American friend? He’s rather on Mamma’s hands so early in the morning. She wants to finish her housekeeping.
Octavius
I fly, dearest Ann. He kisses her hand.
Ann
Tenderly. Ricky Ticky Tavy!
He looks at her with an eloquent blush, and runs off.
Tanner
Bluntly. Now look here, Ann. This time you’ve landed yourself; and if Tavy were not in love with you past all salvation he’d have found out what an incorrigible liar you are.
Ann
You misunderstand, Jack. I didn’t dare tell Tavy the truth.
Tanner
No: your daring is generally in the opposite direction. What the devil do you mean by telling Rhoda that I am too vicious to associate with her? How can I ever have any human or decent relations with her again, now that you have poisoned her mind in that abominable way?
Ann
I know you are incapable of behaving badly.
Tanner
Then why did you lie to her?
Ann
I had to.
Tanner
Had to!
Ann
Mother made me.
Tanner
His eye flashing. Ha! I might have known it. The mother! Always the mother!
Ann
It was that dreadful book of yours. You know how timid mother is. All timid women are conventional: we must be conventional, Jack, or we are so cruelly, so vilely misunderstood. Even you, who are a man, cannot say what you think without being misunderstood and vilified—yes: I admit it: I have had to vilify you. Do you want to have poor Rhoda misunderstood and vilified to the same way? Would it be right for mother to let her expose herself to such treatment before she is old enough to judge for herself?
Tanner
In short, the way to avoid misunderstanding is for everybody to lie and slander and insinuate and pretend as hard as they can. That is what obeying your mother comes to.
Ann
I love my mother, Jack.
Tanner
Working himself up into a sociological rage. Is that any reason why you are not to call your soul your own? Oh, I protest against this vile abjection of youth to age! Look at fashionable society as you know it. What does it pretend to be? An exquisite dance of nymphs. What is it? A horrible procession of wretched girls, each in the claws of a cynical, cunning, avaricious, disillusioned, ignorantly experienced, foul-minded old woman whom she calls mother, and whose duty it is to corrupt her mind and sell her to the highest bidder. Why do these unhappy slaves marry anybody, however old and vile, sooner than not marry at all? Because marriage is their only means of escape from these decrepit fiends who hide their selfish ambitions, their jealous hatreds of the young rivals who have supplanted them, under the mask of maternal duty and family affection. Such things are abominable: the voice of nature proclaims for the daughter a father’s care and for the son a mother’s. The law for father and son and mother and daughter is not the law of love: it is the law of revolution, of emancipation, of final supersession of the old and worn-out by the young and capable. I tell you, the first duty of manhood and womanhood is a Declaration of Independence: the man who pleads his father’s authority is no man: the woman who pleads her mother’s authority is unfit to bear citizens to a free people.
Ann
Watching him with quiet curiosity. I suppose you will go in seriously for politics some day, Jack.
Tanner
Heavily let down. Eh? What? Wh—? Collecting his scattered wits. What has that got to do with what I have been saying?
Ann
You talk so well.
Tanner
Talk! Talk! It means nothing to you but talk. Well, go back to your mother, and help her to poison Rhoda’s imagination as she has poisoned yours. It is the tame elephants who enjoy capturing the wild ones.
Ann
I am getting on. Yesterday I was a boa constrictor: today I am an elephant.
Tanner
Yes. So pack your trunk and begone; I have no more to say to you.
Ann
You are so utterly unreasonable and impracticable. What can I do?
Tanner
Do! Break your chains. Go your way according to your own conscience and not according to your mother’s. Get your mind clean and vigorous; and learn to enjoy a fast ride in a motor car instead of seeing nothing in it but an excuse for a detestable intrigue. Come with me to Marseilles
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