Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) 📕

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Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrow’s early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.

The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the “sequel” to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.

In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.

Borrow’s subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.

The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrow’s discussions with “the man in black,” depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.

Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.

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xml:lang="rom">Chabál or chavál, still existant in Spain), lad; Gypsy. Romany chal, Gypsy; Romany chi, Gypsy (lass).

[Verb] (For jal, from java). Chal Devléhi (ja Devlésa), go with God, farewell.

Chavó

I.q. Chabó.

Chi

(Tchái), girl, lass, child; Gypsy.

Chibándo

(Spanish Gypsy, see chive), tossing; preaching (a sermon).

Chick

(Tchik), dirt, mud.

Chie

I.q. Chi.

Chiknó

(Tiknó), a youth. Tawno Chiknó, “Shorty.”

Chinomescro

(From tchinava, I cut), chisel, parer.

Chipe

(Tchip), tongue.

Chive

(Tchivava), to throw; to pass (false coin).

Chívios

Is cast (he).

Chong

(Tumba), hill. Chong gav, Norwich, town of the Castle hill.

Choomer

(Tchumi), a kiss.

Chore

(Tchorava), to steal.

Chories

Thieves.

Chovahanee

(Tchovekhaní), a witch.

Chovahanó

(Tchovekhanó), a wizard.

Churi

(Tchorí), knife.

Coin

(Kon), who?

Coko

(Káko), uncle.

Colikó

((kalikó), Spanish Gypsy calicaste, on the morrow), on the morrow, in the morning (B.’s “early” is a mistake).

Coor

(Curava, I strike), to strike, to hammer.

Cooromengro

Boxer.

Covántza

Anvil.

Covar

(Ková), a thing.

Cral / Crállis

(Krális), king.

Cukkerin

(Merely alliterative with dukkerin).

Curomengro

Boxer.

Czigány

(Hungarian), Gypsy⁠—tsigáñ.

Dearginni

(Hungarian, dörŏg, thunder; dörgeni, to thunder), it thunders.

Dick

(Dikava), to see.

Dinelo

(Deniló or diniló), a fool.

Divvus

(Divés), day.

Dloovu

(Error for lovó).

Dook

[Noun] (Slavic), spirit, soul, divining spirit, demon, ghost. Russian dux.

[Verb] To spirit away, to bewitch.

Dosta

Enough.

Dove odoy

(From odová), that there; up yonder.

Drab

[Noun] Herb, drug; poison, see drow.

[Verb] To poison.

Drabengro

Seller of medicines, apothecary. Drabengro ker, apothecary’s shop.

Drom

(δρόμος), road, way.

Drow

I.q. Drab; often plural drugs; poison.

Dúi

Two.

Duk

(Borrow’s dook).

Dukker

(From duk, spirit or demon, and ker, to make, to evoke), to tell any one’s fortune, to tell fortunes.

Dukkerin dook

The fortune-telling or divining spirit.

Dukkerin

(The in is English “ing”), any one’s fortune or fortunes, fate; fortune-telling. “To pen” a dukkerin is incorrect.

Dukkeripen

Fortune-telling.

Dumo

(Dumó), the back.

Duvel

(Devél), God.

Duvelskoe

(Devlesko), divine.

Dye

(Daï), mother.

Engro

(A mere adjectival ending, er, ing), Borrovian for “master,” “fellow,” “chap.”

Erajái

(Rashaï), priest, in Spanish Gypsy.

Eray

See rye.

Farm-engro

Farmer.

Fino

English fine.

Fóros

(φόρος = ἀγορά), city, town.

Gav

Village, town.

Gil

To singular.

Gillie

(Ghili), song, ditty.

Gitáno

A (Sp.) Gypsy.

Gorgikie

Feminine of gorgiko.

Gorgiko

Feminine of gorgio, non-gypsy.

Gorgio

(Gadjó), non-gypsy, stranger, somebody, policeman.

Gorgious

Adjective formed from gorgio.

Grandbebee

Grandmother. See bebee.

Grasní

Mare; jade.

Grondinni

(From Romanian), it hails.

Gry

(Graï), horse. Pellengog, stallion.

Gudló / Gudlí

Sweet; gudló pesham, honeycomb.

Gul eray

(Hungarian G.?), sweet gentleman.

Habben

(Khabé, from khavava, I eat), food, victuals; feast.

Harkomescro

(Arkíchi, tin), tinker.

Hatch

To cook (evidently from pekava, rather than atchava).

Hinjirí

(Feminine of hinjiró, from djandjir, a chain), executioner.

Hir mi devlis

(Or diblis), by G⁠—.

Hokkawar

(Khokhavava), to lie, to cheat.

Hokkeripen

Falsehood, deception.

Hors-worth

Pennyworth. (Hors, from grosch?)

Iuziou

(Shuzó), clean.

Jaw

(Java), to go. See chal.

Jawing

Going.

Jib

(Chib) tongue, language.

Juggal

(Jukél), dog.

Juva / Juwa

(Young) woman.

Kair

See ker.

Kaló

Feminine kalí, plural kalé, black, dark.

Kauley

Feminine of kaulo.

Kaulo

See kaló.

Kaulomescro

Blacksmith.

To.

Kek

None.

Kekaubi / Kekkauvi

(Kakkávi), kettle.

Kekauviskoe saster

Kettle iron or hook.

Kekkenó

No, not one.

Ker

[Noun] House.

[Verb] (Kerava), to make, to do.

Kerdó

Made (he).

Kil

(Kelava), to play.

Kin

(Kinava), to buy.

Kistur

(Klisava), to ride.

Kitchema

Tavern, alehouse.

Kosko

I, good.

Kral / Krallis

King, see cral.

Lachipen

Goodness.

Laki / Lakie

(Lake), her, to her.

Lavengro

Word-master, philologist.

Lel

(Lava, lesa, lela), to take; to buy.

Len

I.q. Lende.

Lende

Their, to them.

Leste

Him.

Levinor

(Levina), ale.

Lil

Paper, book.

Lirí

Law.

Lis

It.

Lolló

(Loló), red.

Loovu

See.

Lovó

Coin; plural lové, money.

Lubbeny

(Lubní), harlot.

Lundra

London.

Luripen

Theft, robbery.

Mailla

Donkey.

Man

Me.

Mande

To me.

Mang

(Mangava), to beg.

Manriclí

(Manrikló), cake.

Manró

Bread.

Manus

(Manush), man.

Marél

(Error for merel): merava, meresa, merela⁠—he dies.

Mek

(Mukava), to leave, to let; mek lis, drop it.

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