Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) π
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Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrowβs early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.
The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the βsequelβ to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.
In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.
Borrowβs subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.
The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrowβs discussions with βthe man in black,β depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.
Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.
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- Author: George Borrow
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βIn Armenian, kini,β said I; βin Welsh, gwin; Latin, vinum; but do you think that Janus and janin are one?β
βDo I think? Donβt the commentators say so? Does not Master Leo Abarbenel say so in his Dialogues of Divine Love?β
βBut,β said I, βI always thought that Janus was a god of the ancient Romans, who stood in a temple open in time of war, and shut in time of peace; he was represented with two faces, whichβ βwhichβ ββ
βHeβ βheβ βhe!β said the Rabbi, rising from his seat; βhe had two faces, had he? And what did those two faces typify? You do not know; no, nor did the Romans who carved him with two faces know why they did so; for they were only half-enlightened, like you and the rest of the Goyim. Yet they were right in carving him with two faces looking from each otherβ βthey were right, though they knew not why; there was a tradition among them that the Janinoso176 had two faces, but they knew not that one was for the world which was gone, and the other for the world before himβ βfor the drowned world, and for the present, as Master Leo Abarbenel says in his Dialogues of Divine Love. Heβ βheβ βhe!β continued the Rabbi, who had by this time advanced to the door, and, turning round, waved the two forefingers of his right hand in our faces; βthe Goyim and Epicouraiyim177 are clever men, they know how to make money better than we of Israel. My good friend there is a clever man, I bring him money, he never brought me any, bueno; I do not blame him, he knows much, very much; but one thing there is my friend does not know, nor any of the Epicureans, he does not know the sacred thingβ βhe has never received the gift of interpretation which God alone gives to the seedβ βhe has his gift, I have mineβ βhe is satisfied, I donβt blame him, bueno.β
And with this last word in his mouth, he departed.
βIs that man a native of Spain?β I demanded.
βNot a native of Spain,β said the Armenian, βthough he is one of those who call themselves Spanish Jews, and who are to be found scattered throughout Europe, speaking the Spanish language transmitted to them by their ancestors, who were expelled from Spain in the time of Ferdinand and Isabella.β
βThe Jews are a singular people,β said I.
βA race of cowards and dastards,β said the Armenian, βwithout a home or country; servants to servants; persecuted and despised by all.β
βAnd what are the Haiks?β I demanded.
βVery different from the Jews,β replied the Armenian; βthe Haiks have a homeβ βa country, and can occasionally use a good sword; though it is true they are not what they might be.β
βThen it is a shame that they do not become so,β said I; βbut they are too fond of money. There is yourself, with two hundred thousand pounds in your pocket, craving for more, whilst you might be turning your wealth to the service of your country.β
βIn what manner?β said the Armenian.
βI have heard you say that the grand oppressor of your country is the Persian; why not attempt to free your country from his oppressionβ βyou have two hundred thousand pounds, and money is the sinew of war?β
βWould you, then, have me attack the Persian?β
βI scarcely know what to say; fighting is a rough trade, and I am by no means certain that you are calculated for the scratch. It is not everyone who has been brought up in the school of Mr. Petulengro and Tawno Chikno. All I can say is, that if I were an Armenian, and had two hundred thousand pounds to back me, I would attack the Persian.β
βHem!β said the Armenian.
LIOne morning on getting up I discovered that my whole worldly wealth was reduced to one half-crownβ βthroughout that day I walked about in considerable distress of mind; it was now requisite that I should come to a speedy decision with respect to what I was to do; I had not many alternatives, and, before I had retired to rest on the night of the day in question, I had determined that I could do no better than accept the first proposal of the Armenian, and translate, under his superintendence, the Haik Esop into English.
I reflected, for I made a virtue of necessity, that, after all, such an employment would be an honest and honourable one; honest, inasmuch as by engaging in it I should do harm to nobody; honourable, inasmuch as it was a literary task, which not everyone was capable of executing. It was not every one of the booksellersβ writers of London who was competent to translate the Haik Esop. I determined to accept the offer of the Armenian.
Once or twice the thought of what I might have to undergo in the translation from certain peculiarities of the Armenianβs temper almost unsettled me; but a mechanical diving of my hand into my pocket, and the feeling of the solitary half-crown, confirmed me; after all this was a life of trial and tribulation, and I had read somewhere or other that there was much merit in patience, so I determined to hold fast in my resolution of accepting the offer of the Armenian.
But all of a sudden I remembered that the Armenian appeared to have altered his intentions towards me: he appeared no longer desirous that I should render the Haik Esop into English for the benefit of the stockjobbers on Exchange, but rather that I should acquire the rudiments of doing business in the Armenian fashion, and accumulate a fortune, which would enable me to make a figure upon βChange with the best of the stockjobbers. βWell,β thought I, withdrawing my hand from my pocket, whither it
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