The Country Wife was first performed in January 1672 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. It traces several plot lines, the principle of which follows notorious rake Harry Horner’s attempt to carry on affairs by spreading a rumor that he was now a eunuch and no longer a threat to any man’s wife. It was controversial for its sexual explicitness even in its own time, having several notorious scenes filled with extended sexual innuendo and women carousing, singing riotous songs, and behaving exactly like their male counterparts.
With the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 the eighteen year ban on theater imposed by the Puritans was lifted. Charles II’s time in France had nurtured a fascination with the stage and, with his enthusiastic support, Restoration drama was soon once again a thriving part of the London culture—but it provided a completely different experience from Jacobean theater.
Christopher Wren’s newly built Theatre Royal provided a modern stage that accommodated innovations in scenic design and created a new relationship between actors and the audience. Another novelty, imported from France, was the presence of women on stage for the first time in British history. Restoration audiences were fascinated and often aghast to see real women perform, matching their male counterparts both in their wit and use of double entendre.
William Wycherley had spent some of the Commonwealth years in France and become interested in French drama. Borrowing extensively from Molière and others, he wrote several plays for this new theater, with his last two comedies, The Country Wife and The Plain Dealer, being the most famous. At the time, The Country Wife was considered the bawdiest and wittiest play yet seen on the English stage. It enjoyed popularity throughout the period but, as mores shifted and became more strict, the play was eventually considered too outrageous to be performed at all and between 1753 and 1924 was generally replaced on the stage by David Garrick’s cleaned-up, bland version.
him! ha! ha! he!
Pinchwife
D’ye mock me, sir? a cuckold is a kind of a wild beast; have a care, sir.
Sir Jasper
No, sure, you mock me, sir. He cuckold you! it can’t be, ha! ha! he! why, I’ll tell you, sir—Offers to whisper.
Pinchwife
I tell you again, he has whored my wife, and yours too, if he knows her, and all the women he comes near; ’tis not his dissembling, his hypocrisy, can wheedle me.
Sir Jasper
How! does he dissemble? is he a hypocrite? Nay, then—how—wife—sister, is he a hypocrite?
Lady Squeamish
A hypocrite! a dissembler! Speak, young harlotry, speak, how?
Sir Jasper
Nay, then—O my head too!—O thou libidinous lady!
Lady Squeamish
O thou harloting harlotry! hast thou done’t then?
Sir Jasper
Speak, good Horner, art thou a dissembler, a rogue? hast thou—
Horner
So!
Lucy
I’ll fetch you off, and her too, if she will but hold her tongue. Apart to Horner.
Horner
Canst thou? I’ll give thee—Apart to Lucy.
Lucy
To Pinchwife. Pray have but patience to hear me, sir, who am the unfortunate cause of all this confusion. Your wife is innocent, I only culpable; for I put her upon telling you all these lies concerning my mistress, in order to the breaking off the match between Mr. Sparkish and her, to make way for Mr. Harcourt.
Sparkish
Did you so, eternal rotten tooth? Then, it seems, my mistress was not false to me, I was only deceived by you. Brother, that should have been, now man of conduct, who is a frank person now, to bring your wife to her lover, ha?
Lucy
I assure you, sir, she came not to Mr. Horner out of love, for she loves him no more—
Mrs. Pinchwife
Hold, I told lies for you, but you shall tell none for me, for I do love Mr. Horner with all my soul, and nobody shall say me nay; pray, don’t you go to make poor Mr. Horner believe to the contrary; ’tis spitefully done of you, I’m sure.
Horner
Peace, dear idiot. Aside to Mrs. Pinchwife.
Mrs. Pinchwife
Nay, I will not peace.
Pinchwife
Not till I make you.
Enter Dorilant and Quack.
Dorilant
Horner, your servant; I am the doctor’s guest, he must excuse our intrusion.
Quack
But what’s the matter, gentlemen? for Heaven’s sake, what’s the matter?
Horner
Oh, ’tis well you are come. ’Tis a censorious world we live in; you may have brought me a reprieve, or else I had died for a crime I never committed, and these innocent ladies had suffered with me; therefore, pray satisfy these worthy, honourable, jealous gentlemen—that—Whispers.
Quack
O, I understand you, is that all?—Sir Jasper, by Heavens, and upon the word of a physician, sir—Whispers to Sir Jasper.
Sir Jasper
Nay, I do believe you truly.—Pardon me, my virtuous lady, and dear of honour.
Lady Squeamish
What, then all’s right again?
Sir Jasper
Ay, ay, and now let us satisfy him too. They whisper with Pinchwife.
Pinchwife
An eunuch! Pray, no fooling with me.
Quack
I’ll bring half the chirurgeons in town to swear it.
Pinchwife
They!—they’ll swear a man that bled to death through his wounds, died of an apoplexy.
Quack
Pray, hear me, sir—why, all the town has heard the report of him.
Pinchwife
But does all the town believe it?
Quack
Pray, inquire a little, and first of all these.
Pinchwife
I’m sure when I left the town, he was the lewdest fellow in’t.
Quack
I tell you, sir, he has been in France since; pray, ask but these ladies and gentlemen, your friend Mr. Dorilant. Gentlemen and ladies, han’t you all heard the late sad report of poor Mr. Horner?
All the Ladies.
Ay, ay, ay.
Dorilant
Why, thou jealous fool, dost thou doubt it? he’s an arrant French capon.
Mrs. Pinchwife
’Tis false, sir, you shall not disparage poor Mr. Horner, for to my certain knowledge—
Lucy
O, hold!
Mrs. Squeamish
Stop her mouth! Aside to Lucy.
Lady Fidget
Upon my honour, sir, ’tis as true—To Pinchwife.
Mrs. Dainty
D’ye think we would have been seen in his company?
Mrs. Squeamish
Trust our unspotted reputations with him?
Lady Fidget
This you get, and we too, by trusting your secret to a fool. Aside to Horner.
Horner
Peace, madam.—Aside to Quack. Well, doctor, is not this a good design, that carries a man on unsuspected, and brings him off safe?
Pinchwife
Well, if this were true—but my wife—Aside.Dorilant whispers with Mrs. Pinchwife.
Alithea
Come, brother, your wife is yet innocent, you see; but have a care of too strong an imagination, lest, like an over-concerned timorous gamester, by fancying an unlucky cast, it should come. Women and fortune are truest still to those that trust ’em.
Lucy
And any wild thing grows but the more fierce and hungry for being kept up, and more dangerous to the keeper.
Alithea
There’s doctrine for all husbands, Mr. Harcourt.
Harcourt
I edify, madam, so much, that I am impatient till I am one.
Dorilant
And I edify so much by example, I will never be one.
Sparkish
And because I will not disparage my parts, I’ll ne’er be one.
Horner
And I, alas! can’t be one.
Pinchwife
But I must be one—against my will to a country wife, with a country murrain to me!
Mrs. Pinchwife
And I must be a country wife still too, I find; for I can’t, like a city one, be rid of my musty husband, and do what I list. Aside.
Horner
Now, sir, I must pronounce your wife innocent, though I blush whilst I do it; and I am the only man by her now exposed to shame, which I will straight drown in wine, as you shall your suspicion; and the ladies’ troubles we’ll divert with a ballad.—Doctor, where are your maskers?
Lucy
Indeed, she’s innocent, sir, I am her witness, and her end of coming out was but to see her sister’s wedding; and what she has said to your face of her love to Mr. Horner, was but the usual innocent revenge on a husband’s jealousy;—was it not, madam, speak?
Mrs. Pinchwife
Aside to Lucy and Horner. Since you’ll have me tell more lies—Aloud. Yes, indeed, bud.
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