A Manual of the Malay language by Sir Maxwell William Edward (free reads .TXT) 📕
Another characteristic list of words might be made, compounded with the monosyllable tang (which in Sakai and Semang means "hand"), and conveying an idea of seizing or holding.
Tang-an the hand. Tang-kap to seize. Tang-kei a stalk. Tang-gong to support. Tang-gal to drop off (having left hold). Tong-kat a walking-stick, &c.
The history of the Malay people is to be discovered in the language itself, for no authentic records of pre-Muhammadan times exist. Just as an insight into the early history of our own nation may be obtained by analysing the component parts of the English tongue, and assigning to each of the languages which have contributed to make it what it is their due proportion of influence, so, by resolving the Malay language into its separate elements, of which native, Sanskrit, and Arabic are the chief, and by examining the words contributed by each, it is possible to follow with some approach to historical
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This colour does not fade— Ta’ turun warna ini.
Exercise.How much are these plantains a bunch? It is not worth a cent. I have searched all the shops without finding what I want. I offered him two dollars and a half, and after a time he agreed. He said he would guarantee the goods, and that you might return the whole if they are not in good order. There is a quantity of chaff in this rice. I have no copper money, be good enough to get me change for a dollar. This is not according to sample. Weigh it first and then put it away. Don’t be uneasy; you can trust this man.
LESSON XXXVII. Building.When will your new house be finished?— Rumah tuan yang baharu itu bila akan sudah?
Not for a long time yet; I am just getting the materials together— Lama juga lagi, tengah kumpul ramu-ramu-an.
The floor and walls will be of plank— Lantei papan dinding pun papan.
There will be four windows on each side opening down to the floor— Sa-bĕlah ampat jandela panjang ter-buka sampei di bendul.
The front door has steps (in front of it)— Pintu di hadap-an ber-tangga.
The length of the house is thirty-five feet and the breadth forty feet, including the verandah— Panjang-nia rumah itu tiga-puloh lima kaki, buka-nia dengan sarambi ampat puloh kaki.
The servants’ houses have atap walls covered with samir or kajang matting— Rumah orang gaji itu dinding-nia ikat atap apit samir atau kajang.
This timber will not last long; it will rot very quickly— Kayu ini ta tahan lama, lakas nanti rĕput.
These wooden posts will be planed as smooth as possible— Tiang kayu ini nanti tukang tara buat lichin sakali.
Make out a list of all the different timber you will require, such as posts, beams, joists, rafters, &c.— Buat-lah kira-kira kayu-kayu yang handak itu deri-pada jerjak, rasuk, gĕlĕgar, kasau, dan lain-lain-nia.
Measure the height from the floor to the top of the wall-plate— Hukur-lah tinggi-nia deri lantei sampei ka-atas kapala-tiang.
Those door-posts are not straight— Ta’ betul jinang paha pintu itu.
I shall fix lattice-work here for climbing plants to grow over— Sahaya handak pukul papan jala-jala di-sini biar me-lata pokok bunga di-atas-nia.
In how many days will you thatch it?— Bĕr-apa hari lagi mahu bubok atap?
Three thousand ataps will not be enough— Ta’ chukup-lah tiga ribu atap.
Exercise.In former days the Raja of Kedah sent messengers to the Rajah of Perak with a letter. When the letter was opened and read in the assembly, in the presence of the Raja and the chiefs, its purport was found to be this single question only:— “Which is the higher, Gunong Jerei or Gunong Bubu?” Now Gunong Jerei is a mountain in Kedah, and Gunong Bubu is a mountain in Perak. When the letter had been read, there was much excitement among the Perak people, for many thought that the message betokened war. For three days the Raja and the chiefs consulted together as to the nature of the answer which should be given to the Raja of Kedah. On the third day a letter was written in reply to this effect:— “Gunong Jerei is the higher of the two, but Gunong Bubu is the greater.”
LESSON XXXVIII. Sewing.I want two or three jackets made— Sahaya handak suroh buat baju dua tiga ’lei.
I don’t mind your taking some time about it, as long as the work is well done— Biar lambat sadikit karja ta’apa, asal-kan elok jahit-an-nia.
If it is not well done I will not take it— Jikalau ta’elok sahaya ta’mahu tĕrima.
Join these two pieces and sew them— Dua ’lei ini kampuh-lah jahit.
Tack it first and then sew it— Jelujur-lah jarang dahulu, lepas itu sakali jahit.
Fell the seams close— Kĕlim tulang halus-halus.
Don’t let them ravel— Jangan bahagi ka-luar benang.
When you fell, fold the stuff wide and turn the edge well in, so that when it is washed the threads will not ravel— Kalau kĕlim lipat kain baniak, masok-kan tepi ka-dalam, nanti waktu basoh bulu-nia tidak-lah ka-luar.
Stitch the wristband— Ber-kiya hujong tangan-nia.
Hem the border— Tepi itu lipat jahit.
To make the seam strong, don’t run it, but sew it over— Tulang it mahu buat kukuh jangan-lah jelujur, lilit ubi sahaja.
Take those torn stockings and darn them— Ambil sarong-kaki yang koyak itu jerumat-lah sadikit.
That is very much torn and cannot be darned; you must patch it— Sudah baniak koyak kain itu radup ta’buleh kĕna tampong-lah.
To gather (lit. pull the thread and make it pucker)— Tarik benang bahagi kerudut.
Why do you take such long stitches? I take three stitches where you take one. Cannot you sew closer?— Ken’apa jahit ini jarang sahaja, tiga penyuchuk kita satu penyuchuk dia, ta tahu-kah buat kĕrap-kĕrap?
Needles, Berlin wool, scissors, thimble, and a reel of white cotton— Jerum, benang bulu kambing, gunting, sarong-jari dan benang puteh sa’kotak.
Exercise.It happened once that two men had a dispute about a woman. One of them was a learned man and the other was a peasant who earned his living by cultivating his fields. Each asserted that the woman was his wife, and they went before the Kazi and stated their claims. The case was rendered all the more difficult by the refusal of the woman to say anything one way or the other. After hearing all the witnesses on both sides, the Kazi directed the woman to remain at his house and all the rest to return next day. All then saluted him and retired. On the following day, when the parties assembled, the Kazi delivered the woman to the learned man and sentenced the peasant to fifty stripes of a rattan. When questioned afterwards as to his reason for this decision, the Kazi said, “This morning, in my house, I ordered this woman to fill my inkstand; this she at once did most expertly, like one accustomed to the task. Then I knew she must be the wife of the learned man, for what should the wife of a peasant know of inkstands?” All praised the Kazi for his wisdom, and his fame as a judge was spread far and wide.
LESSON XXXIX. Sickness.I am not at all well— Ta’ sedap badan sahaya.
For five or six days he has been unable to eat— Sudah lima anam hari dia ta’buleh makan nasi.
What is the matter with him?— Apa sakit-nia?
His father has taken him into the country for treatment— Bapa-nia sudah bawa naik ka-darat ber-ubat.
He is a little better— Ada-lah korang sadikit sakit-nia.
When he was very ill the other day, many people thought that he would not recover— Tatkala dia tengah sakit sangat dahulu itu baniak orang fikir tiada buleh baik.
I saw that he was very thin and his voice was very weak— Sahaya lihat tuboh-nia sangat kurus, dia ber-chakap pun suara-nia perlahan sahaja.
Where do you feel pain? I am very weak and cannot get up— Sa-bĕlah mana rasa sakit? Sahaya leteh sakali ta’lalu bangket.
Open your mouth and put out your tongue— Nganga hulur lidak.
You had better take a purgative— Baik makan penchahar.
Let me feel his pulse— Biar sahaya pegang nadi dia.
He is suffering from fever— Dia sakit demam panas.
He is suffering from rheumatism and has pains in his joints— Dia sakit angin, rasa-nia sakit di sendi-sendi sumua.
I will give you some oil of a certain kind which you must rub on his body every day till he is well— Nanti sahaya bahagi minyuk satu macham mahu di-urut tiap-tiap hari sampei hilang sakit itu.
Mix this white powder with a little water, stir it and then drink it— Serbuk puteh ini champor-lah dengan ayer sadikit kachau lalu minum.
If the small-pox spreads the natives will all certainly leave their homes— Kalau me-larat penyakit chachar itu ter-tuntu lah lari habis ra‘iyat sumua.
The fever called kapialu is very dangerous and often ends fatally— Demam kapialu itu jahat sangat kĕrap juga bawa niawa.
Cholera is the disease which is most dreaded— Ta‘un itu yang orang takut ter-lebeh sakali.
Exercise.Di-kata-kan pada suatu hari Nabi Suleiman ‘aleyhi-assalam duduk di-atas takhta ka-raja-an dan angin pun mem-bawa dia ka-atas di-udara dan sagala manusia dan jin yang tiada ter-bilang baniak-nia itu ber-jalan serta-nia maka ‘ajaib Nabi Suleiman deri-pada ka-besar-an ka-raja-an itu maka laku-lah dalam hati-nia suatu nafsu pada katika itu dan karana itu mahkota jadi bengkok maka Nabi Suleiman sigra handak mem-betul-kan mahkota itu jadi makin bengkok dan jikalau sa-hingga tiga kali pun sudah handak di-betul-kan Nabi Suleiman mahkota-nia itu tiada jadi betul sa-telah itu maka ber-kata-lah Nabi Suleiman, “Hei, mahkota, karana apa angkau tiada jadi betul?” Maka mahkota itu dengan firman Allah ta‘ala menyahut. “Hei, Suleiman, betul-kan hati-mu dahulu sapaya aku-pun jadi betul.”6
6. This and the following exercise are extracts from the Taj-assalatin.
LESSON XL. To Illustrate the Use of Numeral Co-Efficients.7In that gentleman’s house one piece of matting covers a whole room— Rumah tuan itu sa’bidang tikar sahaja chukup satu bilek.
They found in the hut five spears, one long kris, and nine muskets— Di-jumpa di bangsal itu lembing lima batang, kris panjang sa-bilah dengan snapang sembilan puchuk.
See if you can get twenty-five fish-roes. How much are they a-piece?— Chahari-lah telor tĕrubuk dua puloh lima kampuh. Bĕr-apa harga-nia sa-kampuh?
She ordered a curtain to be hung before the doorway— Di-suroh-nia gantong tirei sa-labuh di muka pintu.
That bunch of plantains contains about ten rows— Di-dalam sa-tandan pisang itu agak-agak sapuloh sikat.
I said I wanted to buy ten cakes of wax— Kata sahaya, sahaya mahu bĕli lilin sa-puloh tampang.
The child was wearing a coral necklace round her neck— Budak itu ada pakei sa-labuh merjan di leher-nia.
How many yards of cloth are there in a piece?— Sa-kayu kain itu jadi ber-apa ela?8
How many ataps can one person make in a day?— Satu orang bĕr-apa mengkawan buleh semat atap pada sa’hari?
The buffalo destroyed six sugar-cane plants and a quantity of lemon-grass plants— Sudah di-makan kerbau tĕbu anam rumpun dengan serei ta’tuntu baniak rumpun-nia.
He planted seven or eight young trees in front of the house— Di-tanam-nia di-hadap-an rumah anak pokok kayu tujoh delapan perdu.
It was a pretty thick book, containing about two hundred sheets— Tebal juga kitab itu ada lebeh korang dua ratus kajang kartas.
I have bought a casting-net to take home with me— Sahaya sudah bĕli jala sa’utas (or sa’rawan) handak bawa pulang ka tampat sahaya.
He tied three threads round his stomach— Di-ikat-nia tiga urat benang di pĕrut-nia.
Pick two or three jasmine blossoms, and about ten sprays of that red flower— Petik-lah bunga melor dua tiga kutum dengan bunga merah itu barang sa-puloh tangkei.
Exercise.Di cheritra-kan deri-pada Sultan Iskandar bahwa sa-hari duduk dengan chinta-nia dan tiada kaluar deri-pada astana-nia maka Jalinus Hakim masok mengadap Sultan Iskandar lalu lihat dia duduk ber-chinta maka iya-pun ber-tanya deri-pada-nia “apa chinta Sultan itu bahwa Sultan tiada kaluar deri-dalam astana?” maka Sultan Iskandar ber-sabda “chinta-ku deri-pada itu-lah yang dunia ini tiada baniak dan karana suatu ka-raja-an dunia ini yang tiada ber-apa ada-nia aku menyusah-kan diri-ku dan sagala orang yang lain maka deri-pada pekarja-an yang sia-sia ini-lah aku jua ber-chinta” maka sembah Hakim itu “Benar-lah bichara Sultan itu karana apa garangan dunia dan ber-apa dunia ini bahwa Sultan menyusah-kan diri-nia karana ka-raja-an itu yang sia-sia tetapi ka-raja-an dunia ini ada suatu tanda deri-pada maha besar ka-raja-an akhirat itu yang tiada ber-ka-sudah-an ada-nia dan yang Sultan dapat ber-uleh deri-pada pe-karja-an ka-raja-an dunia ini dengan sa-sunggoh-nia sapaya Sultan men-dapat ka-raja-an akhirat itu yang sagala yang tiada buleh di-kira-kira-i ka-besar-an-nia itu” maka suka-lah Sultan Iskandar deri-pada kata-nia dan bichara-nia yang baik itu.
7. See supra, p. 70.
8. Ela, yard, from the Dutch el.
1. Muharram.
2. Safar.
3. Rabia-el-awal.
4. Rabia-el-akhir.
5. Jumad-el-awal.
6. Jumad-el-akhir.
7. Rejab.
8. Sha‘aban.
9. Ramazan.
10. Shawal.
11. Zu’l-ka‘adah.
12. Zu’l-hajah.
Days of the Week.Sunday, Ahad, lit. “the first.”
Monday, Isnein or Senein, lit. “the second.”
Tuesday, Salasa, lit. “the third.”
Wednesday, Arba‘ah or Rabu, lit. “the fourth.”
Thursday, Khamis, lit.
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