Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) π
Description
Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrowβs early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.
The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the βsequelβ to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.
In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.
Borrowβs subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.
The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrowβs discussions with βthe man in black,β depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.
Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.
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βIt may have vigour and authority,β said I, βin foreign lands, but in these kingdoms the day for practising its atrocities is gone by. It is at present almost below contempt, and is obliged to sue for grace in formΓ’ pauperis.β
βVery true,β said the man in black, βbut let it once obtain emancipation, and it will cast its slough, put on its fine clothes, and make converts by thousands. βWhat a fine church,β theyβll say; βwith what authority it speaksβ βno doubts, no hesitation, no sticking at trifles.β What a contrast to the sleepy English Church! theyβll go over to it by millions, till it preponderates here over every other, when it will of course be voted the dominant one; and thenβ βand thenβ ββ and here the man in black drank a considerable quantity of gin and water.
βWhat then?β said I.
βWhat then?β said the man in black, βwhy, she will be true to herself. Let Dissenters, whether they be Church of England, as perhaps they may still call themselves, Methodist or Presbyterian, presume to grumble, and there shall be bruising of lips in pulpits, tying up to whipping-posts, cutting off ears and nosesβ βhe! he! the farce of King Log has been acted long enough; the time for Queen Storkβs tragedy is drawing nigh;β and the man in black sipped his gin and water in a very exulting manner.
βAnd this is the church which, according to your assertion in the public-house, never persecutes?β
βI have already given you an answer,β said the man in black, βwith respect to the matter of the public-house; it is one of the happy privileges of those who belong to my church to deny in the public-house what they admit in the dingle; we have high warranty for such double speaking. Did not the foundation stone of our church, Saint Peter, deny in the public-house what he had previously professed in the valley?β
βAnd do you think,β said I, βthat the people of England, who have shown aversion to anything in the shape of intolerance, will permit such barbarities as you have described?β
βLet them become Papists,β said the man in black; βonly let the majority become Papists, and you will see.β
βThey will never become so,β said I; βthe good sense of the people of England will never permit them to commit such an absurdity.β
βThe good sense of the people of England?β said the man in black, filling himself another glass.
βYes,β said I; βthe good sense of not only the upper, but the middle and lower classes.β
βAnd of what description of people are the upper class?β said the man in black, putting a lump of sugar into his gin and water.
βVery fine people,β said I, βmonstrously fine people; so, at least, they are generally believed to be.β
βHe! he!β said the man in black; βonly those think them so who donβt know them. The male part of the upper class are in youth a set of heartless profligates; in old age, a parcel of poor, shaking, nervous paillards. The female part, worthy to be the sisters and wives of such wretches, unmarried, full of cold vice, kept under by vanity and ambition, but which, after marriage, they seek not to restrain; in old age, abandoned to vapours and horrors, do you think that such beings will afford any obstacle to the progress of the church in these regions, as soon as her movements are unfettered?β
βI cannot give an opinion; I know nothing of them, except from a distance. But what think you of the middle classes?β
βTheir chief characteristic,β said the man in black, βis a rage for grandeur and gentility; and that same rage makes us quite sure of them in the long run. Everything thatβs lofty meets their unqualified approbation; whilst everything humble, or, as they call it, βlow,β is scouted by them. They begin to have a vague idea that the religion which they have hitherto professed is low; at any rate that it is not the religion of the mighty ones of the earth, of the great kings and emperors whose shoes they have a vast inclination to kiss, nor was used by the grand personages of whom they have read in their novels and romances, their Ivanhoes, their Marmions, and their Ladies of the Lake.β
βDo you think that the writings of Scott have had any influence in modifying their religious opinions?β
βMost certainly I do,β said the man in black. βThe writings of that man have made them greater fools than they were before. All their conversation now is about gallant knights, princesses and cavaliers, with which his pages are stuffedβ βall of whom were Papists, or very High Church, which is nearly the same thing; and they are beginning to think that the religion of such nice sweet-scented gentry must be something very superfine. Why, I know at Birmingham the daughter of an ironmonger, who screeches to the piano the Lady of the Lakeβs hymn to the Virgin Mary, always weeps when Mary Queen of Scots is mentioned, and fasts on the anniversary of the death of that very wise martyr, Charles the First. Why, I would engage to convert such an idiot to popery in a week, were it worth my trouble. O Cavaliere Gualtiero, avete fatto molto in favore della Santa Sede!β212
βIf he has,β said I, βhe has done it unwittingly; I never heard before that he was a favourer of the popish delusion.β
βOnly in theory,β said the man in black. βTrust any of the clan MacSycophant for interfering openly and boldly in favour of any cause on which the sun does not shine benignantly. Popery is at present, as you say, suing for grace in these regions in formΓ’ pauperis; but let royalty once take it up, let
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