Shirley by Charlotte BrontĂ« (best books to read for teens .TXT) đ
Description
Shirley, published in 1849, was Charlotte BrontĂ«âs second novel after Jane Eyre. Published under her pseudonym of âCurrer Bell,â it differs in several respects from that earlier work. It is written in the third person with an omniscient narrator, rather than the first-person of Jane Eyre, and incorporates the themes of industrial change and the plight of unemployed workers. It also features strong pleas for the recognition of womenâs intellect and right to their independence of thought and action.
Set in the West Riding of Yorkshire during the Napoleonic period of the early 19th Century, the novel describes the confrontations between textile manufacturers and organized groups of workers protesting the introduction of mechanical looms. Three characters stand out: Robert Moore, a mill-owner determined to introduce modern methods despite sometimes violent opposition; his young cousin Caroline Helstone, who falls deeply in love with Robert; and Shirley Keeldar, a rich heiress who comes to live in the estate of Fieldhead, on whose land Robertâs mill stands. Robertâs business is in trouble, not so much because of the protests of the workers but because of a government decree which prevents him selling his finished cloth overseas during the duration of the war with Napoleon. He receives a loan from Miss Keeldar, and her interest in him seems to be becoming a romantic one, much to the distress of Caroline, who pines away for lack of any sign of affection from Robert.
Shirley Keeldar is a remarkable female character for the time: strong, very independent-minded, dismissive of much of the standard rules of society, and determined to decide on her own future. Interestingly, up to this point, the name âShirleyâ was almost entirely a male name; Shirleyâs parents had hoped for a boy. Such was the success of BrontĂ«âs novel, however, that it became increasingly popular as a female name and is now almost exclusively so.
Although never as popular or successful as the more classically romantic Jane Eyre, Shirley is nevertheless now highly regarded by critics.
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- Author: Charlotte Brontë
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âI wear a high dress and a collar,â said Caroline, âand I should feel suffocated with a handkerchief in addition; and my short aprons do quite as well as that very long one. I would rather make no change.â
Yet Hortense, by dint of perseverance, would probably have compelled her to make a change, had not Mr. Moore chanced to overhear a dispute on the subject, and decided that Carolineâs little aprons would suffice, and that, in his opinion, as she was still but a child, she might for the present dispense with the fichu, especially as her curls were long, and almost touched her shoulders.
There was no appeal against Robertâs opinion, therefore his sister was compelled to yield; but she disapproved entirely of the piquant neatness of Carolineâs costume, and the ladylike grace of her appearance. Something more solid and homely she would have considered âbeaucoup plus convenable.â
The afternoon was devoted to sewing. Mademoiselle, like most Belgian ladies, was specially skilful with her needle. She by no means thought it waste of time to devote unnumbered hours to fine embroidery, sight-destroying lacework, marvellous netting and knitting, and, above all, to most elaborate stocking-mending. She would give a day to the mending of two holes in a stocking any time, and think her âmissionâ nobly fulfilled when she had accomplished it. It was another of Carolineâs troubles to be condemned to learn this foreign style of darning, which was done stitch by stitch, so as exactly to imitate the fabric of the stocking itselfâ âa wearifuâ process, but considered by Hortense GĂ©rard, and by her ancestresses before her for long generations back, as one of the first âduties of a woman.â She herself had had a needle, cotton, and a fearfully torn stocking put into her hand while she yet wore a childâs coif on her little black head; her âhauts faitsâ in the darning line had been exhibited to company ere she was six years old; and when she first discovered that Caroline was profoundly ignorant of this most essential of attainments, she could have wept with pity over her miserably-neglected youth.
No time did she lose in seeking up a hopeless pair of hose, of which the heels were entirely gone, and in setting the ignorant English girl to repair the deficiency. This task had been commenced two years ago, and Caroline had the stockings in her workbag yet. She did a few rows every day, by way of penance for the expiation of her sins. They were a grievous burden to her; she would much have liked to put them in the fire; and once Mr. Moore, who had observed her sitting and sighing over them, had proposed a private incremation in the countinghouse; but to this proposal Caroline knew it would have been impolitic to accedeâ âthe result could only be a fresh pair of hose, probably in worse condition. She adhered, therefore, to the ills she knew.
All the afternoon the two ladies sat and sewed, till the eyes and fingers, and even the spirits of one of them, were weary. The sky since dinner had darkened; it had begun to rain again, to pour fast. Secret fears began to steal on Caroline that Robert would be persuaded by Mr. Sykes or Mr. Yorke to remain at Whinbury till it cleared, and of that there appeared no present chance. Five oâclock struck, and time stole on; still the clouds streamed. A sighing wind whispered in the rooftrees of the cottage; day seemed already closing; the parlour fire shed on the clear hearth a glow ruddy as at twilight.
âIt will not be fair till the moon rises,â pronounced Mademoiselle Moore, âconsequently I feel assured that my brother will not return till then. Indeed I should be sorry if he did. We will have coffee. It would be vain to wait for him.â
âI am tired. May I leave my work now, cousin?â
âYou may, since it grows too dark to see to do it well. Fold it up; put it carefully in your bag; then step into the kitchen and desire Sarah to bring in the goĂ»ter, or tea, as you call it.â
âBut it has not yet struck six. He may still come.â
âHe will not, I tell you. I can calculate his movements. I understand my brother.â
Suspense is irksome, disappointment bitter. All the world has, some time or other, felt that. Caroline, obedient to orders, passed into the kitchen. Sarah was making a dress for herself at the table.
âYou are to bring in coffee,â said the young lady in a spiritless tone; and then she leaned her arm and head against the kitchen mantelpiece, and hung listlessly over the fire.
âHow low you seem, miss! But itâs all because your cousin keeps you so close to work. Itâs a shame!â
âNothing of the kind, Sarah,â was the brief reply.
âOh! but I know it is. Youâre fit to cry just this minute, for nothing else but because youâve sat still the whole day. It would make a kitten dull to be mewed up so.â
âSarah, does your master often come home early from market when it is wet?â
âNever, hardly; but just today, for some reason, he has made a
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