The Country Wife was first performed in January 1672 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. It traces several plot lines, the principle of which follows notorious rake Harry Horner’s attempt to carry on affairs by spreading a rumor that he was now a eunuch and no longer a threat to any man’s wife. It was controversial for its sexual explicitness even in its own time, having several notorious scenes filled with extended sexual innuendo and women carousing, singing riotous songs, and behaving exactly like their male counterparts.
With the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 the eighteen year ban on theater imposed by the Puritans was lifted. Charles II’s time in France had nurtured a fascination with the stage and, with his enthusiastic support, Restoration drama was soon once again a thriving part of the London culture—but it provided a completely different experience from Jacobean theater.
Christopher Wren’s newly built Theatre Royal provided a modern stage that accommodated innovations in scenic design and created a new relationship between actors and the audience. Another novelty, imported from France, was the presence of women on stage for the first time in British history. Restoration audiences were fascinated and often aghast to see real women perform, matching their male counterparts both in their wit and use of double entendre.
William Wycherley had spent some of the Commonwealth years in France and become interested in French drama. Borrowing extensively from Molière and others, he wrote several plays for this new theater, with his last two comedies, The Country Wife and The Plain Dealer, being the most famous. At the time, The Country Wife was considered the bawdiest and wittiest play yet seen on the English stage. It enjoyed popularity throughout the period but, as mores shifted and became more strict, the play was eventually considered too outrageous to be performed at all and between 1753 and 1924 was generally replaced on the stage by David Garrick’s cleaned-up, bland version.
Jasper
Ay, my wife locked it.
Mrs. Squeamish
Did she so? let’s break it open then.
Sir Jasper
No, no, he’ll do her no hurt.
Mrs. Squeamish
Aside. But is there no other way to get in to ’em? whither goes this? I will disturb ’em.
Exit at another door.
Enter Old Lady Squeamish.
Lady Squeamish
Where is this harlotry, this impudent baggage, this rambling tomrigg?11 O Sir Jasper, I’m glad to see you here; did you not see my vile grandchild come in hither just now?
Sir Jasper
Yes.
Lady Squeamish
Ay, but where is she then? where is she? Lord, Sir Jasper, I have e’en rattled myself to pieces in pursuit of her: but can you tell what she makes here? they say below, no woman lodges here.
Sir Jasper
No.
Lady Squeamish
No! what does she here then? say, if it be not a woman’s lodging, what makes she here? But are you sure no woman lodges here?
Sir Jasper
No, nor no man neither, this is Mr. Horner’s lodging.
Lady Squeamish
Is it so, are you sure?
Sir Jasper
Yes, yes.
Lady Squeamish
So; then there’s no hurt in’t, I hope. But where is he?
Sir Jasper
He’s in the next room with my wife.
Lady Squeamish
Nay, if you trust him with your wife, I may with my Biddy. They say, he’s a merry harmless man now, e’en as harmless a man as ever came out of Italy with a good voice, and as pretty, harmless company for a lady, as a snake without his teeth.
Sir Jasper
Ay, ay, poor man.
Re-enter Mrs. Squeamish.
Mrs. Squeamish
I can’t find ’em.—Oh, are you here, grandmother? I followed, you must know, my Lady Fidget hither; ’tis the prettiest lodging, and I have been staring on the prettiest pictures—
Re-enter Lady Fidget with a piece of china in her hand, and Horner following.
Lady Fidget
And I have been toiling and moiling for the prettiest piece of china, my dear.
Horner
Nay, she has been too hard for me, do what I could.
Mrs. Squeamish
Oh, lord, I’ll have some china too. Good Mr. Horner, don’t think to give other people china, and me none; come in with me too.
Horner
Upon my honour, I have none left now.
Mrs. Squeamish
Nay, nay, I have known you deny your china before now, but you shan’t put me off so. Come.
Horner
This lady had the last there.
Lady Fidget
Yes indeed, madam, to my certain knowledge, he has no more left.
Mrs. Squeamish
O, but it may be he may have some you could not find.
Lady Fidget
What, d’ye think if he had had any left, I would not have had it too? for we women of quality never think we have china enough.
Horner
Do not take it ill, I cannot make china for you all, but I will have a roll-wagon for you too, another time.
Mrs. Squeamish
Thank you, dear toad.
Lady Fidget
What do you mean by that promise? Aside to Horner.
Horner
Alas, she has an innocent, literal understanding. Aside to Lady Fidget.
Lady Squeamish
Poor Mr. Horner! he has enough to do to please you all, I see.
Horner
Ay, madam, you see how they use me.
Lady Squeamish
Poor gentleman, I pity you.
Horner
I thank you, madam: I could never find pity, but from such reverend ladies as you are; the young ones will never spare a man.
Mrs. Squeamish
Come, come, beast, and go dine with us; for we shall want a man at ombre after dinner.
Horner
That’s all their use of me, madam, you see.
Mrs. Squeamish
Come, sloven, I’ll lead you, to be sure of you. Pulls him by the cravat.
Lady Squeamish
Alas, poor man, how she tugs him! Kiss, kiss her; that’s the way to make such nice women quiet.
Horner
No, madam, that remedy is worse than the torment; they know I dare suffer anything rather than do it.
Lady Squeamish
Prithee kiss her, and I’ll give you her picture in little, that you admired so last night; prithee do.
Horner
Well, nothing but that could bribe me: I love a woman only in effigy, and good painting as much as I hate them.—I’ll do’t, for I could adore the devil well painted. Kisses Mrs. Squeamish.
Mrs. Squeamish
Foh, you filthy toad! nay, now I’ve done jesting.
Lady Squeamish
Ha! ha I ha! I told you so.
Mrs. Squeamish
Foh! a kiss of his—
Sir Jasper
Has no more hurt in’t than one of my spaniel’s.
Mrs. Squeamish
Nor no more good neither.
Quack
I will now believe anything he tells me. Aside.
Enter Pinchwife.
Lady Fidget
O lord, here’s a man! Sir Jasper, my mask, my mask! I would not be seen here for the world.
Sir Jasper
What, not when I am with you?
Lady Fidget
No, no, my honour—let’s be gone.
Mrs. Squeamish
Oh grandmother, let’s be gone; make haste, make haste, I know not how he may censure us.
Lady Fidget
Be found in the lodging of anything like a man!—Away.
Exeunt Sir Jasper Fidget, Lady Fidget, Old Lady Squeamish, and Mrs. Squeamish.
Quack
What’s here? another cuckold? he looks like one, and none else sure have any business with him. Aside.
Horner
Well, what brings my dear friend hither?
Pinchwife
Your impertinency.
Horner
My impertinency!—why, you gentlemen that have got handsome wives, think you have a privilege of saying anything to your friends, and are as brutish as if you were our creditors.
Pinchwife
No, sir, I’ll ne’er trust you anyway.
Horner
But why not, dear Jack? why diffide in me thou know’st so well?
Pinchwife
Because I do know you so well.
Horner
Han’t I been always thy friend, honest Jack, always ready to serve thee, in love or battle, before thou wert married, and am so still?
Pinchwife
I believe so, you would be my second now, indeed.
Horner
Well then, dear Jack, why so unkind, so grum, so strange to me? Come, prithee kiss me, dear rogue: gad I was always, I say, and am still as much thy servant as—
Pinchwife
As I am yours, sir. What, you would send a kiss to my wife, is that it?
Horner
So, there ’tis—a man can’t show his friendship to a married man, but presently
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