The Aeneid by Virgil (best novel books to read TXT) đ
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Virgilâs epic poem begins with Aeneas fleeing the ruins of Troy with his father Anchises and his young son Ascanius, with a plan to make a home in Italy. Because of a prophecy foretelling that the descendants of Aeneas will one day destroy Carthage, Junoâs favorite city, Juno orders the god of the winds to unleash a terrible storm. The ships are thrown off course and arrive at an African port. As Aeneas makes his way towards his new home he encounters Dido, Carthageâs queen, and falls deeply in love.
Although Charles W. Elliot stated that âthe modern appreciation of the Iliad and the Odyssey has tended to carry with it a depreciation of the Aeneid,â this epic poem continues to inspire artists, writers, and musicians centuries after its first telling. John Drydenâs translation captures the musicality of the original Latin verses while avoiding the stumbling of an English translation forced into dactylic hexameter.
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- Author: Virgil
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The loaves were servâd in canisters; the wine
In bowls; the priest renewâd the rites divine:
Broilâd entrails are their food, and beefâs continued chine.
But when the rage of hunger was repressâd,
Thus spoke Evander to his royal guest:
âThese rites, these altars, and this feast, O king,
From no vain fears or superstition spring,
Or blind devotion, or from blinder chance,
Or heady zeal, or brutal ignorance;
But, savâd from danger, with a grateful sense,
The labours of a god we recompense.
See, from afar, yon rock that mates the sky,
About whose feet such heaps of rubbish lie;
Such indigested ruin; bleak and bare,
How desert now it stands, exposâd in air!
âTwas once a robberâs den, inclosâd around
With living stone, and deep beneath the ground.
The monster Cacus, more than half a beast,
This hold, impervious to the sun, possessâd.
The pavement ever foul with human gore;
Heads, and their mangled members, hung the door.
Vulcan this plague begot; and, like his sire,
Black clouds he belchâd, and flakes of livid fire.
Time, long expected, easâd us of our load,
And brought the needful presence of a god.
Thâ avenging force of Hercules, from Spain,
Arrivâd in triumph, from Geryon slain:
Thrice livâd the giant, and thrice livâd in vain.
His prize, the lowing herds, Alcides drove
Near Tiberâs bank, to graze the shady grove.
Allurâd with hope of plunder, and intent
By force to rob, by fraud to circumvent,
The brutal Cacus, as by chance they strayâd,
Four oxen thence, and four fair kine conveyâd;
And, lest the printed footsteps might be seen,
He draggâd âem backwards to his rocky den.
The tracks averse a lying notice gave,
And led the searcher backward from the cave.
âMeantime the herdsman hero shifts his place,
To find fresh pasture and untrodden grass.
The beasts, who missâd their mates, fillâd all around
With bellowings, and the rocks restorâd the sound.
One heifer, who had heard her love complain,
Roarâd from the cave, and made the project vain.
Alcides found the fraud; with rage he shook,
And tossâd about his head his knotted oak.
Swift as the winds, or Scythian arrowsâ flight,
He clomb, with eager haste, thâ aerial height.
Then first we saw the monster mend his pace;
Fear in his eyes, and paleness in his face,
Confessâd the godâs approach. Trembling he springs,
As terror had increasâd his feet with wings;
Nor stayâd for stairs; but down the depth he threw
His body, on his back the door he drew
(The door, a rib of living rock; with pains
His father hewâd it out, and bound with iron chains):
He broke the heavy links, the mountain closâd,
And bars and levers to his foe opposâd.
The wretch had hardly made his dungeon fast;
The fierce avenger came with bounding haste;
Surveyâd the mouth of the forbidden hold,
And here and there his raging eyes he rollâd.
He gnashâd his teeth; and thrice he compassâd round
With winged speed the circuit of the ground.
Thrice at the cavernâs mouth he pullâd in vain,
And, panting, thrice desisted from his pain.
A pointed flinty rock, all bare and black,
Grew gibbous from behind the mountainâs back;
Owls, ravens, all ill omens of the night,
Here built their nests, and hither wingâd their flight.
The leaning head hung threatâning oâer the flood,
And nodded to the left. The hero stood
Adverse, with planted feet, and, from the right,
Tuggâd at the solid stone with all his might.
Thus heavâd, the fixâd foundations of the rock
Gave way; heavân echoâd at the rattling shock.
Tumbling, it chokâd the flood: on either side
The banks leap backward, and the streams divide;
The sky shrunk upward with unusual dread,
And trembling Tiber divâd beneath his bed.
The court of Cacus stands revealâd to sight;
The cavern glares with new-admitted light.
So the pent vapours, with a rumbling sound,
Heave from below, and rend the hollow ground;
A sounding flaw succeeds; and, from on high,
The gods with hate beheld the nether sky:
The ghosts repine at violated night,
And curse thâ invading sun, and sicken at the sight.
The graceless monster, caught in open day,
Inclosâd, and in despair to fly away,
Howls horrible from underneath, and fills
His hollow palace with unmanly yells.
The hero stands above, and from afar
Plies him with darts, and stones, and distant war.
He, from his nostrils huge mouth, expires
Black clouds of smoke, amidst his fatherâs fires,
Gathâring, with each repeated blast, the night,
To make uncertain aim, and erring sight.
The wrathful god then plunges from above,
And, where in thickest waves the sparkles drove,
There lights; and wades throâ fumes, and gropes his way,
Half singâd, half stifled, till he grasps his prey.
The monster, spewing fruitless flames, he found;
He squeezâd his throat; he writhâd his neck around,
And in a knot his crippled members bound;
Then from their sockets tore his burning eyes:
Rollâd on a heap, the breathless robber lies.
The doors, unbarrâd, receive the rushing day,
And thoroâ lights disclose the ravishâd prey.
The bulls, redeemâd, breathe open air again.
Next, by the feet, they drag him from his den.
The wondâring neighbourhood, with glad surprise,
Behold his shagged breast, his giant size,
His mouth that flames no more, and his extinguishâd eyes.
From that auspicious day, with rites divine,
We worship at the heroâs holy shrine.
Potitius first ordainâd these annual vows:
As priests, were added the Pinarian house,
Who raisâd this altar in the sacred shade,
Where honours, ever due, for ever shall be paid.
For these deserts, and this high virtue shown,
Ye warlike youths, your heads with garlands crown:
Fill high the goblets with a sparkling flood,
And with deep draughts invoke our common god.â
This said, a double wreath Evander twinâd,
And poplars black and white his temples bind.
Then brims his ample bowl. With like design
The rest invoke the gods, with sprinkled wine.
Meantime the sun descended from the skies,
And the bright evening star began to rise.
And now the priests, Potitius at their head,
In skins of beasts involvâd, the long procession led;
Held high the flaming tapers in their hands,
As custom had prescribâd their holy bands;
Then with a second course the tables load,
And with full chargers offer to the god.
The Salii sing, and cense his altars round
With Saban smoke, their heads with poplar boundâ â
One choir of old, another of the young,
To dance, and bear the burthen of the song.
The lay records the labours, and the praise,
And all thâ immortal acts of Hercules:
First, how the mighty babe, when swathâd in bands,
The serpents strangled with his infant hands;
Then, as in years and matchless force he grew,
Thâ Oechalian walls, and
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