Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) ๐
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Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrowโs early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.
The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the โsequelโ to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.
In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.
Borrowโs subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.
The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrowโs discussions with โthe man in black,โ depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.
Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.
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- Author: George Borrow
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โFrequently, brother; and I give them tolerably free answers.โ
โDo people ever offer to make you presents? I mean presents of value, such asโ โโ
โSilk handkerchiefs, shawls and trinkets; very frequently, brother.โ
โAnd what do you do, Ursula?โ
โI takes what people offers me, brother, and stows it away as soon as I can.โ
โWell, but donโt people expect something for their presents? I donโt mean dukkerin, dancing and the like; but such a moderate and innocent thing as a choomer, Ursula?โ
โInnocent thing, do you call it, brother?โ
โThe world calls it so, Ursula. Well, do the people who give you the fine things never expect a choomer in return?โ
โVery frequently, brother.โ
โAnd do you ever grant it?โ
โNever, brother.โ
โHow do you avoid it?โ
โI gets away as soon as possible, brother. If they follows me, I tries to baffle them by means of jests and laughter; and if they persist, I uses bad and terrible language, of which I have plenty in store.โ
โBut if your terrible language has no effect?โ
โThen I screams for the constable, and if he comes not, I uses my teeth and nails.โ
โAnd are they always sufficient?โ
โI have only had to use them twice, brother; but then I found them sufficient.โ
โBut suppose the person who followed you was highly agreeable, Ursula? A handsome young officer of local militia, for example, all dressed in Lincoln green, would you still refuse him the choomer?โ
โWe makes no difference, brother; the daughters of the gypsy father makes no difference; and whatโs more, sees none.โ
โWell, Ursula, the world will hardly give you credit for such indifference.โ
โWhat cares we for the world, brother! we are not of the world.โ
โBut your fathers, brothers and uncles give you credit, I suppose, Ursula.โ
โAy, ay, brother, our fathers, brothers and cokos gives us all manner of credit; for example, I am telling lies and dukkerin in a public-house where my batu or cokoโ โperhaps bothโ โare playing on the fiddle; well, my batu and my coko beholds me amongst the public-house crew, talking nonsense and hearing nonsense; but they are under no apprehension; and presently they sees the good-looking officer of militia, in his greens and Lincolns, get up and give me a wink, and I go out with him abroad, into the dark night perhaps; well, my batu and my coko goes on fiddling just as if I were six miles off asleep in the tent, and not out in the dark street with the local officer, with his Lincolns and his greens.โ
โThey know they can trust you, Ursula?โ
โAy, ay, brother; and, whatโs more, I knows I can trust myself.โ
โSo you would merely go out to make a fool of him, Ursula?โ
โMerely go out to make a fool of him, brother, I assure you.โ
โBut such proceedings really have an odd look, Ursula.โ
โAmongst gorgios, very so, brother.โ
โWell, it must be rather unpleasant to lose oneโs character even amongst gorgios, Ursula; and suppose the officer, out of revenge for being tricked and duped by you, were to say of you the thing that is not, were to meet you on the racecourse the next day, and boast of receiving favours which he never had, amidst a knot of jeering militiamen, how would you proceed, Ursula? would you not be abashed?โ
โBy no means, brother; I should bring my action of law against him.โ
โYour action at law, Ursula?โ
โYes, brother, I should give a whistle, whereupon all oneโs cokos and batus, and all my near and distant relations, would leave their fiddling, dukkerin and horse-dealing, and come flocking about me. โWhatโs the matter, Ursula?โ says my coko. โNothing at all,โ I replies, โsave and except that gorgio, in his greens and his Lincolns, says that I have played the โธป with him.โ โOho, he does, Ursula,โ says my coko, โtry your action of law against him, my lamb,โ and he puts something privily into my hands; whereupon I goes close up to the grinning gorgio, and staring him in the face, with my head pushed forward, I cries out: โYou say I did what was wrong with you last night when I was out with you abroad?โ โYes,โ said the local officer, โI says you did,โ looking down all the time. โYou are a liar,โ says I, and forthwith I breaks his head with the stick which I holds behind me, and which my coko has conveyed privily into my hand.โ
โAnd this is your action at law, Ursula?โ
โYes, brother, this is my action at club-law.โ
โAnd would your breaking the fellowโs head quite clear you of all suspicion in the eyes of your batus, cokos, and whatnot?โ
โThey would never suspect me at all, brother, because they would know that I would never condescend to be over-intimate with a gorgio; the breaking the head would be merely intended to justify Ursula in the eyes of the gorgios.โ
โAnd would it clear you in their eyes?โ
โWould it not, brother? When they saw the blood running down from the fellowโs cracked poll on his greens and Lincolns, they would be quite satisfied; why, the fellow would not be able to show his face at fair or merrymaking for a year and three-quarters.โ
โDid you ever try it, Ursula?โ
โCanโt say I ever did, brother, but it would do.โ
โAnd how did you ever learn such a method of proceeding?โ
โWhy, โtis advised by gypsy liri, brother. Itโs part of our way of settling difficulties amongst ourselves; for example, if a young Roman were to say the thing which is not respecting Ursula and himself, Ursula would call a great meeting of the people, who would all sit down in a ring, the young fellow amongst them; a coko would then put a stick in Ursulaโs hand, who would then
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