Lavengro by George Borrow (read me a book txt) π
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Lavengro, the Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, published in 1851, is a heavily fictionalized account of George Borrowβs early years. Borrow, born in 1803, was a writer and self-taught polyglot, fluent in many European languages, and a lover of literature.
The Romany Rye, published six years later in 1857, is sometimes described as the βsequelβ to Lavengro, but in fact it begins with a straight continuation of the action of the first book, which breaks off rather suddenly. The two books therefore are best considered as a whole and read together, and this Standard Ebooks edition combines the two into one volume.
In the novel Borrow tells of his upbringing as the son of an army recruiting officer, moving with the regiment to different locations in Britain, including Scotland and Ireland. It is in Ireland that he first encounters a strange new language which he is keen to learn, leading to a life-long passion for acquiring new tongues. A couple of years later in England, he comes across a camp of gypsies and meets the gypsy Jasper Petulengro, who becomes a life-long friend. Borrow is delighted to discover that the Romany have their own language, which of course he immediately sets out to learn.
Borrowβs subsequent life, up to his mid-twenties, is that of a wanderer, traveling from place to place in Britain, encountering many interesting individuals and having a variety of entertaining adventures. He constantly comes in contact with the gypsies and with Petulengro, and becomes familiar with their language and culture.
The book also includes a considerable amount of criticism of the Catholic Church and its priests. Several chapters are devoted to Borrowβs discussions with βthe man in black,β depicted as a cynical Catholic priest who has no real belief in the religious teachings of the Church but who is devoted to seeing it reinstated in England in order for its revenues to increase.
Lavengro was not an immediate critical success on its release, but after Borrow died in 1881, it began to grow in popularity and critical acclaim. It is now considered a classic of English Literature. This Standard Ebooks edition of Lavengro and The Romany Rye is based on the editions published by John Murray and edited by W. I. Knapp, with many clarifying notes.
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- Author: George Borrow
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After standing still a minute or two, considering what I should do, I moved down what appeared to be the street of a small straggling town; presently I passed by a church, which rose indistinctly on my right hand; anon there was the rustling of foliage and the rushing of waters. I reached a bridge, beneath which a small stream was running in the direction of the south. I stopped and leaned over the parapet, for I have always loved to look upon streams, especially at the still hours. βWhat stream is this, I wonder?β said I, as I looked down from the parapet into the water, which whirled and gurgled below.
Leaving the bridge, I ascended a gentle acclivity, and presently reached what appeared to be a tract of moory undulating ground. It was now tolerably light, but there was a mist or haze abroad which prevented my seeing objects with much precision. I felt chill in the damp air of the early morn, and walked rapidly forward. In about half an hour I arrived where the road divided into two at an angle or tongue of dark green sward. βTo the right or the left?β said I, and forthwith took, without knowing why, the left-hand road, along which I proceeded about a hundred yards, when, in the midst of the tongue of sward formed by the two roads, collaterally with myself, I perceived what I at first conceived to be a small grove of blighted trunks of oaks, barked and grey. I stood still for a moment, and then, turning off the road, advanced slowly towards it over the sward; as I drew nearer, I perceived that the objects which had attracted my curiosity, and which formed a kind of circle, were not trees, but immense upright stones. A thrill pervaded my system; just before me were two, the mightiest of the whole, tall as the stems of proud oaks, supporting on their tops a huge transverse stone, and forming a wonderful doorway. I knew now where I was, and, laying down my stick and bundle, and taking off my hat, I advanced slowly, and cast myselfβ βit was folly, perhaps, but I could not help what I didβ βcast myself, with my face on the dewy earth, in the middle of the portal of giants, beneath the transverse stone.
The spirit of Stonehenge was strong upon me!
And after I had remained with my face on the ground for some time, I arose, placed my hat on my head, and taking up my stick and bundle, wandered around the wondrous circle, examining each individual stone, from the greatest to the least, and then entering by the great door, seated myself upon an immense broad stone, one side of which was supported by several small ones, and the other slanted upon the earth; and there in deep meditation I sat for an hour or two, till the sun shone in my face above the tall stones of the eastern side.
And as I still sat there, I heard the noise of bells, and presently a large number of sheep came browzing past the circle of stones; two or three entered, and grazed upon what they could find, and soon a man also entered the circle at the northern side.
βEarly here, sir,β said the man, who was tall, and dressed in a dark green slop, and had all the appearance of a shepherd; βa traveller, I suppose?β
βYes,β said I, βI am a traveller; are these sheep yours?β
βThey are, sir; that is, they are my masterβs. A strange place this, sir,β said he, looking at the stones; βever here before?β
βNever in body, frequently in mind.β
βHeard of the stones, I suppose; no wonderβ βall the people of the plain talk of them.β
βWhat do the people of the plain say of them?β
βWhy, they sayβ βHow did they ever come here?β
βDo they not suppose them to have been brought?β
βWho should have brought them?β
βI have read that they were brought by many thousand men.β
βWhere from?β
βIreland.β
βHow did they bring them?β
βI donβt know.β
βAnd what did they bring them for?β
βTo form a temple, perhaps.β
βWhat is that?β
βA place to worship God in.β
βA strange place to worship God in.β
βWhy?β
βIt has no roof.β
βYes, it has.β
βWhere?β said the man looking up.
βWhat do you see above you?β
βThe sky.β
βWell?β
βWell!β
βHave you anything to say?β
βHow did these stones come here?β
βAre there other stones like these on the plains?β said I.
βNone; and yet there are plenty of strange things on these downs.β
βWhat are they?β
βStrange heaps, and barrows, and great walls of earth built on the tops of hills.β
βDo the people of the plain wonder how they came there?β
βThey do not.β
βWhy?β
βThey were raised by hands.β
βAnd these stones?β
βHow did they ever come here?β
βI wonder whether they are here?β said I.
βThese stones?β
βYes.β
βSo sure as the world,β said the man; βand, as the world, they will stand as long.β
βI wonder whether there is a world.β
βWhat do you mean?β
βAn earth and sea, moon and stars, sheep and men.β
βDo you doubt it?β
βSometimes.β
βI never heard it doubted before.β
βIt is impossible there should be a world.β
βIt aβnβt possible there shouldnβt be a world.β
βJust so.β At this moment a fine ewe attended by a lamb, rushed into the circle and fondled the knees of the shepherd. βI suppose you would not care to have some milk,β said the man.
βWhy do you suppose so?β
βBecause, so be, there be no sheep, no milk, you know; and what there benβt is not worth having.β
βYou could not have argued better,β said I; βthat is, supposing you have argued; with respect to the milk, you may do as you
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